Investigating Management and Leadership in Organizational Culture

This report investigates the impact of leadership and management on organizational productivity and culture, using Morrisons as a case study. It begins by defining management and leadership, highlighting their importance in shaping organizational culture and driving performance. The literature review examines various perspectives on leadership styles, the role of human resources, and the challenges faced by leaders and managers. Key challenges include effective communication, addressing performance issues, and adapting to changing business environments. The report outlines a research design, including the research paradigm, methodology, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. Ultimately, the report aims to provide insights and recommendations for improving the role of leadership and management in fostering a positive organizational culture and enhancing productivity.

Academic Development and
Research

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Topic................................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background..................................................................................................................................3
Aim..............................................................................................................................................3
Objective......................................................................................................................................3
Research question........................................................................................................................4
Rationale .....................................................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW ...............................................................................................................4
Concept of management and leadership in organizational performance and cultural. ...............4
The importance or role of leadership and management in improving organizational culture and
performance. ...............................................................................................................................6
Challenges of leadership and management in improving Morrison's culture and performance..7
RESEARCH DESIGN.....................................................................................................................9
Research paradigm.......................................................................................................................9
Research methodology.................................................................................................................9
Methods of data collection including sample size and sampling approach...............................10
Limitations, risk and dependencies............................................................................................11
TIME PLAN..................................................................................................................................12
ETHICS CONSIDERATION........................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

Topic
“To investigate the role of management and leadership in improving organizational
productivity and cultural. A case study on Morrisons.”
INTRODUCTION
Management is the administration of organization, whether it is business working for
non-profits or profits organization or government body. Leadership means it is research area or
practical skills that encompasses the ability of individual, organization or group to influence
teams, entire organization or individual. Leader and manager which values for the
simultaneously holding more people accountable. The role of leadership and management will
influence and build organizational culture at workplace. Therefore, this research will explain
about aim and objective, research question and rationale about the given topic. Along with this
also explain about literature review in which the various author ideas and thoughts are been
seems. Also discuss the research methodology and time plan about the given research topic.
Background
Morrison supermarket is the largest chain of supermarkets. It began with an egg and
butter stall and primarily keeps their focus on takeover the safe-way in present year. The
organization announced the partnership with Ocado for using its technology system and
distribution infrastructure which help its own online services. Morrison's products and services
such as fish and seafood, bakery, cakes, food cupboard, household laundry, drink and so on.
Organization store conversion from the safe-way is the largest kind of British retail history,
which keep their focusing towards the retained stores were freehold and own brand products
began to appear from the safe-way stores.
Aim
“To identify the role of management and leadership in improving organizational
productivity and cultural. A case study on Morrisons.”
Objective
 To understand the concept of management and leadership in organizational productivity
and cultural.
 To develop the importance or role of leadership and management in improving
organizational culture and productivity.

 To evaluate the challenges of leadership and management in improving Morrison's
culture and productivity.
 To recommend the strategies in improving the role of leadership and management
towards developing organization culture and productivity.
Research question.
 What is the concept of management and leadership in organizational productivity and
cultural?
 What is the importance or role of leadership and management in improving
organizational culture and productivity?
 What are challenges of leadership and management in improving Morrison's culture and
productivity?
Rationale
This topic will state about that leadership impacts on organization direction and how far
this could keep the largest and most direct effect on organization culture. Along with this also
revolves about the environment, atmosphere, employee engagements and the succession of the
company and about its customer. Another reason can be, how the leadership affects the
confidence of the staff, and they see their working mistakes as opportunities for failures or
learning that damage the self-worth for the employee (Attar, 2018). The other reason, leadership
and management that could with cultivates foundation of culture, to empower their employee in
achieving organization mission and realize about how each of them can contribute for further
goals and objectives. The main reason for implementing about role of leadership and
management in improving their organization productivity and culture. Along with this how
basically this could keep their development and growth with having strategies that consider the
needs of each customer from various points of view and ensure employee for working with
strategies in organization. This also evaluate about how the leader and manager make their
strategies in keeping their employee for long term stay and keep their working estimated proper.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Concept of management and leadership in organizational productivity and cultural.
According to Areiqata And et.al.,(2020), Leadership and management are the terms that
are being often for understanding the essential part of effective management. Leadership, which
defined as potential to influence and drive group with effort toward accomplishment of goals.

This might be also influence originate from the formal sources such as acquisition or managerial
position in organization. A manager is traits of leader, and make their possess with leadership
qualities. Management and leadership development, which begun with strategies that build and
sustain competitive advantage. As organization which require to robust the leadership and
management for having optimal organization efficiency and make sure for using their more
estimated system in organization performance and culture. Leadership is the ability which
influence about the team of individual and encompasses with having more important traits.
While on other hand, management is overall direction and make their oversight about work
activities in team, leadership which keep focus towards the ongoing, productivity of team and
engagements etc.
Do and Mai, (2020) said that, leadership and management that concerned about process
where one person or more than one person influence the group to move in some certain direction
and perform their activities. Leader and manager play their effective role for developing within
organization performance and culture with having better strategies. Human resources also play
their role in hiring the best employee and keep them working with providing training and
development. Leader and manager that occur one group modification which motivate or
competence their group. On other hand, in organization leadership and management failed due to
organization and institution on various situations. There are numerous styles of leadership, the
transformational and transactional leadership that is being high considered. Transformational
leadership styles are more effective, innovative, productivity and satisfying their team members
who are working towards organization vision and values. Leadership and management which
play the effective role towards the improvement in organizational culture and performance along
with this also lead them for working their employee in make the proper use of strategies.
Furthermore, this might be also leaded them for working with more effective things and also
ensure them for using some technology or digitalization.
As per Riana And et.al., (2020) views that, manager should also realize about people are
being critical elements in organization and this should be also recognized with organization. The
leadership behaviour or styles in organization which believe that employee could also treat
results and situation in which they make the job switch and hardship that workers face at
workplace. Having, an effective performance management program which could lead for
increasing the productivity of organization. Along with this also help for identifying top

performer and motivate them to work hard and also ensure objective and goals coordinate with
hiring and making employee development plan. The role of leader and manager in organization
which help to identify the goals, help to devise the appropriate strategies to achieve the set
targets and provide the direction and motivate with group so that could agree with goals can be
sustained. On other hand Erlangga, Sos and Erlangga (2021)argue that, leadership and
management which help the organization for developing their culture difference and also ensure
them for working together. Developing leadership talent is also one of the most crucial functions
of performance management in today time. Organization performance and culture which could
keep the company’s growth and development through which employee can work easily.
Therefore, they can come to know about how the leadership and management as they are
working for organization with different culture, and keeping focus on strategies.
The importance or role of leadership and management in improving organizational culture and
productivity.
As per Budur (2020) said that, organization that can create own culture and dynamics
which arrest development and create more complex issues in pursuit the excellences. Leadership
and management the culture through the practice and behaviour that all believe for the
organization excellence for achieving the goals and objective. Leader and manager that drives
the company culture and employee engagements with their senior management team. This could
also set what happens in rest of business and if that styles of management is leading with
expected the prevailing culture to be linear and it goes. In business that displays with poor
organization culture, employee often more points to system.
Sawan and Suryadi, (2021) believe that, Leader and manager that influence organization
culture heavily and reinforce the organizational value by helping their company people in
development and growth, opportunities, goals setting and recognition. Along with this when the
employee have open and ongoing about their work, their trust towards the leader and manager
that become strengths. Delegate and empower, good leader surround themselves with the right
people in right jobs. The process of effective delegation and empowerment with their
management in having level of team and focus on strategies vision of business. Employee that
appreciate working with soft leaders, who treat with their employee as colleagues rather than
followers. There is greater need for managerial leader than ever before this could work with soft
leaders not under bosses.

As per Hamza And et.al., (2021) view that, Effective management and leadership is one
of the greatest fundamental in developing the organization performance and culture. A leader
that anyone who can influence or having their authority, leaders need to set their tone for
organizational culture. A positive culture should be leaded with meaningful work, leadership,
well-being and connection among all the aspects that can contribute towards the culture and
performance. Role of leader and manager which help employee for working with providing
vision for team and cannot be expected with participate at common efforts if they don't know
about the organization goals. The team members understand the vision and objective, as they can
keep their focused and understand about how the individual roles helps to drive the succession of
business. Be an effective role model, Morrison organization culture and performance that could
demonstrate inconsistencies in customer services or fail to listen their employee. Will not be as
respected by team and likely not be successful in achieving their business goals. Therefore,
leader and manager in organization that display outbursts of anger, decision with no regards to
have better potential outcome for the employee, show favouritism towards some employee,
tolerate lack of accountability and listen their employee with respect in team and so on.
Groysberg and et.al., (2018) said that, leader and manager are seems to be backbone of
organization which keep inspire, influence and guide to other participate with common efforts.
Leadership and management that inspire and motivate their teams with better inputs from
employee, keep their team members to be informed, give them time and specific feedback
regarding with job performance, ensure them with training needs and hold with employee
accountable. Effective time management, leader and manager in organization should explore
resources on time management and create their steps towards improving performance and
culture. While some attributes for the time management which include eliminating, holding
effective meeting and including breaks, outsourcing tasks with helping each other.
Challenges of leadership and management in improving Morrison's culture and productivity
Wooll (2021) said that, manager and leader can lead with team member to success, and
satisfaction that must be important to team grow as witnessing and people are great professional
achievement. The challenges of managing the team that also change with external business
environment and also even settles with role, as it can all changes very quickly. Here are some
challenges that leadership and management are facing in improving organizational culture and
performance: communicating effectively with employees, this means that manager and leader are

not communicating well with their team in organization, not only damaging the employee and
manager relationship, but also greatly adding to employee with work related issues. This could
lead within the lack of interdepartmental communication and cause the biggest stress in Morrison
organization. Confronting performance problems, if team is not performing with high standards,
competitor that could easily come in and take more knowledge about customer business.
Manager need to have tricky job for finding the balance of getting better outcomes and not
damaging relationship with team members in process. Making the right hiring decision, good
manager and leader is also able to decipher between good skills and good culture fit employee. If
organization make the wrong decision in hiring, this could quickly affect to performance and
morale. Along with this also deal with many other issues, so making the right decision is the first
responsibilities.
According to Shankar (2021), leadership that is developed through having better practice,
with support, mentorship, coaching, so that it could easier to overcome with the challenges of
leadership and keep development to be good leaders. Managing conflicts with team, organization
which have the great collaboration, employee can feel more comfortable which being creative
together and get more socially. According to previous study, this can quickly affect the
productivity and morale, also leading with top performer leaving the organization. Tracking and
increasing team productivity, successful organization that all have at least one thing common as
employee productivity. It had become even more the challenges due to continuously evolving
workplace. While such kind of changes that have been driven by globalization, pandemic and
technology. Tracking must be important for the employee so that could help the organization for
aware about risk and make sure for working with better strategies.
As per Carvalho, Carvalho and Carvalho, (2021) said that, supporting diversity and
inclusion at workplace, this has become the big challenges facing by today in organization.
Diversity at workplace keep focuses on respecting and appreciating for their employee
differences. Inclusion which keeps the focus on ensuring that all employees feel valued and
supported by irrespective of their culture difference. For this, manager should also work on
recruitment strategies in designing their better attract from pool candidates. By doing this,
organization can set for increasing innovation and success. Technology and digitalization, it
could be seemed that in present time, technology have taken the huge place and manager also
face the challenges for finding the right software solution to invest on behalf of their

organization. Leadership and management are facing huge issue for technology towards their
organization and for this platform that will be best for employee and customer.
Theory for leadership
There are some of common leadership theories which seem to be important to understand and
recognize about the business leader in future.
Behavioural theory- This focus on leaders behaves and assumes about traits that can be copied
by other leaders. This theory also suggest about the best predictor of leadership succession on
action of leader (Weerts, Vermeulen and Witjes, 2018). Along with this also allow leaders to be
flexible and adapt the capable for becoming faster and looking at task oriented leader.
Contingency theory- A leader that could look directly towards the situational context and work
more towards better leadership styles and suggests for good leader that can adjust their
leadership style situational. This keep focus on importance of situation, but may not focus on
enough psychology of the employee on Morrison and sometime may not keep enough focus on
how leadership styles that can be change over time.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research paradigm
It mainly divided into three parts: Ontology, Epistemology and Philosophical stance.
Ontology research evaluated by the utilization of mathematical and scientific data identification.
Its not easier process to determine information because it requires consideration of scientific
theories which is not easier aspect (Newman and Gough, 2020). Epistemology is evaluated by
interpretation of data which means researcher manly concern towards making sustainable and
essential questions for information collection. And it’s easier methods to develop require
information. Philosophical stance is mainly refers to evaluated from the information collection
from analysis of old data and used data which is not effective methods. In this study research
evaluate research paradigm from uses of epistemology research because its easer to collect and
generate information from ask relevant and essential questioner which has power to make right
decision-making. Also application of epistemology is one of the most effective approach for
collecting information from different range of questioner ad participators.
Research methodology
There are two types of research methods: Qualitative and Quantitative research.
Qualitative research is all above refers to evaluated by research from interview, questioner,

group discussion and consideration of multiple approaches. It takes less time and less cost which
is useful for collection of information about specific aspects. In this research researcher mainly
concern towards with the qualitative research methods because it gives and provide better ideas
and information from different people perceptions. Quantitative research evaluation researcher
mainly concern towards with the application of scientific methods and mathematical approaches
which is not easier to found information and its provide information from old data identification
which is not sustainable for new and effective decision development (Simaremare and et.al.,
2021).
Consideration about this term make sure that researcher mainly prefers and select
qualitative research approach which is easier to evaluate data and collect information. In this
research researcher mainly concern towards with qualitative research questioner approach which
is easier and provide multiple aspects of individual question which provides and gives better
ideas. So sustainable expansion in leadership has power to improve performance and culture of
Morrison or not, it manly evaluates from different people because they do have participated with
organization activities (Rita and et.al., 2018). Application of questioner practice defiantly
provide success and provide effective information which beneficial for long term.
Methods of data collection including sample size and sampling approach
Its mainly divided into two parts like first one of Primary research data collection and
secondary research data collection. Primary research is mainly concern and similar to towards
with qualitative method because its useful for collection of data with effectiveness manner. It has
multiple ways to evaluate and identified information but the most effective approach is
questioner methods (Jayathilaka, 2020). From the application and uses of questioner approach
gives different answers from different people and individual when gives different information its
easier to fund better solution. There are two types of sampling activity: probability and non
probability. In this research researcher mainly concern towards with the primary research and
probability random sampling approach and researcher randomly decide to select samples from 30
employees which all provide their services for efficiency into company. Also, they do have idea
about cultural activities and which major essential factors influence performance of Morrison.
Utilization of primary research methods makes clarity about various aspects which makes
sustainable decision about leadership effectiveness development essential or not.

On the other hand secondary data collection is similar towards with the quantitative
research methods. It determines and evaluated from the utilization of scientific, theoretical and
mathematical approaches (Khan, Ahmad and Ilyas, 2018). Therefore, its complex for essential
aspect which require for this research because it takes higher cost. In this research researcher
highly engage towards with develop questioner approach for effective decision-making
throughout the utilization of primary research methods with 30 employees of Morrison's.
Methods of data analysis
There are two types of data analysis: Thematic and statistical. Thematic data is evaluated
by application of questioner process where researcher mainly concern towards the essential
questioner represent to answerer that they easily share information with effectively understand
questioner. Application of this activity makes substantiality within answering process. Thematic
data useful for collection of information and researcher when uses this research they do have
considered that they do not provide harm to society people or participators. Therefore, idea and
information about this process of research, in this research researcher apply and consider
thematic analysis process where researcher ask and generate essential and require questioner
which provide benefits in decision-making process (Bahurupi and Sai, 2020).
Statistical data is evaluated by the combination of statistical, old and methodological
aspects, which is not easier to evaluated and identified. So knowledge about this term that its
little complicated activity to find information as well as its requires mathematical and scientific
theory education which is not easier. Also, thematic analysis mainly takes very less time which is
one of the most effective approach of it (Jufrizen and et.al., 2021). Morrison's when decide to
evaluate and identified leadership effectiveness, its essential that it firstly identified employee
review which is useful for effective information development. From the knowledge and
information about both the method of data analysis has been identified that utilization or uses of
thematic data evaluation is easier approach also its provide different range or answers which is
useful for more attractive decision-making.
Limitations, risk and dependencies
Limitation: Application of primary research, questioner activity is easier but its essential that
selection of participator consider that they only provide information which is true ad realistic.
Without application of reality into answering process not makes sense to generate research. Also,

one of the most challenging aspect is to management of different rage of people for participation
into research activity (Chongthanavanit, Kennedy and Kheokao, 2020).
Risk: Major risk is candidates who participated into research activity they do have responsibility
that they only provide true and related answers. Because its essential for new decision-making
activity that people mainly concern towards with the effective answers which provide benefits on
future. Individual share question and answer to other they also provide similar information. So
for the evaluation of research safety of questioner process is also very important term for
managing risk factors.
Dependencies: this could lead with primary collection methods difficulty, while facing issues in
collecting the sources due to covid-19. In this research, privacy act have been followed which
keep the protection of data and also keep the sources privacy which have been collected.