Diabetes Mellitus: Management and Leadership Strategies

Diabetes mellitus

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Aim..............................................................................................................................................2
Objective......................................................................................................................................2
Justification..................................................................................................................................2
Statement of intention..................................................................................................................3
Background..................................................................................................................................3
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................4
Diabetes mellitus.........................................................................................................................4
Treatment and management strategies.........................................................................................5
Long term complications and their management.........................................................................7
PROJECT PLAN.............................................................................................................................8
Budget..........................................................................................................................................8
Project plan..................................................................................................................................9
Gantt chart...................................................................................................................................9
Project risk.................................................................................................................................10
Opportunities.............................................................................................................................11
DISCUSSION................................................................................................................................11
Leadership approach..................................................................................................................11
Change management and diabetes mellitus...............................................................................13
Force field analysis....................................................................................................................15
PROJECT OUTCOME AND SUCCESS EVALUATION...........................................................15
REFLECTION...............................................................................................................................17
RECOMMENDATION.................................................................................................................18
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20
APPENDIX 1.................................................................................................................................22
APPENDIX 2.................................................................................................................................23
APPENDIX 3.................................................................................................................................24

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes mellitus is defined as the chronic disease in which body is not able to produce
glucose normally which is key energy source for the cells (McKnight and Gibb, 2017). The
hormone controlling glucose level in the blood (insulin) is either not produced in sufficient
quantity or body show abnormal response towards insulin. As a result of this glucose level in the
blood is increased along with several other health complications. The uncontrolled and
unmanaged symptoms can even lead to death. The chronic disease does not have any permanent
cure and requires controlling and regular monitoring of sugar level in the blood throughout the
life (Sharma, Nazareth and Petersen, 2016). The disease is also inherited to children through
pregnant women and thus it also become vital to manage the symptoms so that new born
individuals can be prevented from this life threatening chronic disease. It has been analysed that
type 1 diabetes can be caused because of the genes or the weak immune system. Type 2 diabetes
can be caused because of the overweight, obesity or physical inactivity. It usually begins with
insulin resistance.
The primary goal of the diabetes mellitus management is to prevent or eliminate the
symptoms or to even slow their progression. The health care services are characterised by the
essential attributes such as high quality care, effective and safe practices. An effective and clear
leadership is required for driving and encouraging changes at various levels of health care system
to achieve necessary goals and to assure patient safety. Within health care services the leadership
is related to both clinical workforce and management and involves multiple challenges. Diabetes
management does not require only clinical intervention for the patients but also demands for the
suitable leadership strategies to foster the changes in health care settings and communities so that
disease can be prevented and managed.
The leadership changes can assist health professionals to effectively manage their
patients as well as vulnerable groups who needs critical attention and care. At present obesity
induced diabetes among children is major concern for the health communities because improper
life style is giving children a life long chronic diseases at very young age (Mutuota, Hill and
Claydon, 2017). Thus best recommendations about the management of diabetes includes
awareness programs along with the self care and life style changes. For the management of
diabetes there is need of close monitoring of routine activities, eating habits and disease
symptoms. Thus the key purpose of this project is management and early recognition of the
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disease so that cost and severity of the diabetes mellitus can be controlled (Simmons, Wenzel
and Zgibor, 2016).
The major goal of the diabetes treatment and management process is to control the blood
sugar level so that progression or symptoms worsening can be prevented. Type 1 diabetes can be
managed through exercise, dietary changes as well as insulin while type 2 diabetes is
manageable by weight reduction, dietary changes, insulin and non-insulin medications. The
management strategies of diabetes depends upon variety of factors such as health status and
medical history of the patient, impact of medication on patient, accessibility and effectiveness of
health care system and management cost for each patient (Preshaw and Bissett, 2019). The goal
of diabetes management is to maintain the normal value of blood glucose level, triglyceride and
cholesterol. The management practices in correct direction can also assist in restricting the
possible emergence of diabetes related health problems.
Aim
To manage the symptoms and complications related to diabetes mellitus for reducing the
economic cost, mortality and morbidity. The project also aims at improving the quality of life by
providing relieve to symptoms and promoting regular monitoring of diabetes progression so that
health complications can be prevented by delivering timely intervention.
Objective
 To enhance the health outcomes and productivity of life of patients of diabetes.
 To manage the symptoms and development of diabetes mellitus in patients and
vulnerable groups.
 To lower the economic burden, mortality and morbidity of diabetes.
Justification
The number of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients has been rising significantly. At present
nearly 4 million people in UK are living with diabetes (Diabetes Prevalence, 2019). It includes
both diagnosed and undiagnosed individuals. The factors such as symptoms management, life
style, eating habits and access to health care services plays crucial role in managing both chronic
and acute complications related to diabetes. Thus it is essential to manage diabetes mellitus so
that number of deaths and vulnerable people can be controlled. The obesity is one of the key
reason for increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
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The lack of effective diabetes management practices and programs is also one of the key
force which is increasing the prevalence of the disease (Hopkins, Taylor and Lean, 2019). Thus it
is required to develop a project which aims at management practices. The project is vital for
improving the education and awareness among both communities and health professionals. It
will guide service providers so that they can adopt suitable nursing and health care interventions
to assess the care needs of individuals and how they can reduce the severity and complexity of
the disease.
In addition to the prevention of disease there is also need of improving the symptom
management of the patients so that long term risk factors and complications of the disease can be
avoided or delayed. The improved management practices adopted by health care professionals is
also helpful in managing the economic stress associated with the disease (Wisting and Snoek,
2019). The treatment such as insulin therapies, treatment cost for other risks factors or diseases
originated from the diabetes mellitus also needs financial assistance or home care support
services.
Diabetes management requires close monitoring and person centred care approach for the
patient. Thus multidisciplinary teams must work in collaboration with each other so that they can
identify and fulfil the care requirements of the patient (Morris and Bain, 2019). The leadership
plays a crucial role in the quality of services and thus it is vital to understand the different
approaches of leadership and change management for making the project successful and
improving the diabetes management practices.
Statement of intention
The purpose of this project is to increase the awareness among communities about the
management of diabetes mellitus. The health professionals must adopt suitable strategies to
support communities so that diabetes risks can be prevented and symptoms of the patients can be
managed. The project also intend to enhance the quality of life of diabetes patients by improving
the management and leadership attributes of health care professionals.
Background
Diabetes mellitus is metabolic disorder in which blood sugar level is elevates over time.
The project targets the UK population in which diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly. It is
estimated that by 2025 there will be around 4 million people suffering from type 2 diabetes. In
UK disease is growing rapidly at high rate and is now one of the most common life threatening
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