Management and Operations: Role of Leaders and Managers in Cafe Nero

This report discusses the role of managers and leaders in the functions of management and operations, with a focus on Cafe Nero. It covers different theories and approaches to leadership and operations management, including situational leadership, systems leadership, contingency, Six Sigma, and Just-in-Time Inventory. The report also explains the importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.

Management and
operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2 ..........................................................................................................................................4
P2: Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in
different situational contexts. .....................................................................................................4
P3: Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency. ......................................................................................................5
M2: Assess the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to situations within the work
environment.................................................................................................................................7
D1:Critically analyse and evaluate the different theories and approaches to leadership in given
contexts.......................................................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P4: Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and
managers play. ............................................................................................................................8
P5: Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives. ...................................................................................................................................9
M3: Evaluate how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management
to successfully meet business objectives...................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P6: Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision-making by leaders and managers...................................................11
M4: Analyse how these different factors affect the business environment and wider
community.................................................................................................................................12
D2:Critically evaluate application of operations management and factors that impact on the
wider business environment......................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERNCES:................................................................................................................................14
Books and Journals:..................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The report aims to present a vital role of managers and leaders in the functions of management
and operations. Management is a task of all the key activities that enables growth and success in
organisation. Management functions are itself vital for companies growth planning such as
planning, organising, controlling and monitoring. All these functions are applicable of
operations functions also. Therefore, managers and leaders are most significant personalities
within organisation to carry out each task in required and authentic way. So that, this report is
going to present different roles, duties, characteristics and traits of managers and leaders by
applying theories of operations and management such as situational and contingency (Pogodin,
Kuzmin and Shesterikov, 2019). The report will discuss the case of Cafe Nero is a large coffee
shop in London, UK the company was formed in 1997. it his running their operation in across
11 countries and termed specialisation in unique blended sources of serving coffee. It include
cafe and food outlets. Their main aim to enable quality standards with utmost sustainable
operations. So that, there will be discussion on its impact on society and community in a broader
context and how the company manage to enable effective operations with proper management.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
Covered in PPT
TASK 2
P2: Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in
different situational contexts.
The role of leader and the function of manager are applicable to different areas of management
and operation in Cafe Nero. Leaders and managers both are vital p[art for organisation who
manage different and responsibility In company. There are many functions which operate within
the supervision of these personality and decision are made afterwards. These situations and their
functions are described below:
Situation 1: New product development: It is the situation In which organisation wants to
move in new product development process with the aim to achieve diversification and expansion
(Schweier and et. al., 2019). New product require planning, organising, monitoring and

controlling function in order to run a particular product operations. Idea generation, product
planning are all a part of this situation in Cafe Nero. Their product development mainly relies in
new coffee flavours, beans and preparing process.
Role of leader: In new product development at Cafe Nero, the leader will guide and
teach the employees to work for new aspects and make them familiar with all the machinery and
technology.
Role of manager: The manager will form all the plan regarding product description,
resources required and hire new staff as per the suitability and requirement of product
procedure. These managers assign different responsibilities into leaders of different department.
Situation 2: Managing employee performance for promotions: In this situation, managers
and leaders both keep an eye on employees performance in order to check whether the work is
done in desired manner and formulate strategies for their welfare. This situation is highly
applicable in Cafe Nero as the workforce are professionally trained to serve coffee and food with
fast delivery services. Therefore managing employees is a broader context to make their
retention to eliminate cost of recruitment.
Role of leaders: leaders are the one who gets close with the team and workforce through
which they are aware about employees performance, keeping their records and maintain data
(Bag and Gupta, 2019). Analysing their performance are in hands of leaders as they recommend
the most effective team member to assign roles and responsibility.
Function of manager: when leaders provide details about employees performance to the
manager. They perform function of taking anonymous feedback of each team member to
understand their issues and take action according to that. human resource manager formulate
strategies of promotions by choosing the right employees and provide extra benefits for the
same.
P3: Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency.
The role of leader and function of managers are applicable in different situation context of new
product development, managing employee performance for promotions and other tasks.
Therefore, there are various theories and approaches are applied to their work criteria which are
discussed below:

Situational leadership: it is a kind of approach in which mangers and leaders apply
theories and practices by analysing different characteristics and behaviour of employees. As the
name says, leaderships styles are applicable according to the various situations of company
(Phuc, 2017). Some situation are less critical in which team members properly doing work with
unity so that, leaders do not have to worry and apply transactional or democratic styles in which
employees are free to give their opening. Whereas, in case of new product development area,
leaders need to identify best style through which employees understand the concept and no miss
communication will regulate.
System leadership: In this type of leadership approach, organisation focus on innovation
by enable change in style procedure into organization. It includes collaborative leadership,
coalition in order to give freedom and authority to employees. This approach Is built to address
competencies and challenges into organisation in which leaders and managers runs systematic
behaviour and evaluation of resources. In the situation of new product development and take
advantage of competition, this leadership is effective.
Task or relationship oriented approaches: Task orientated approach is that in which
people are required to perform task to achieve specific goals or in simple words, employees are
need to complete assign tasks with bets efforts, whereas, relationship oriented are requited to
maintain relationship by [providing motivation, welfare of others. The leaders and managers
works as relationship oriented and in order to regulate task oriented functions.
There are different theories to understand role of leaders and manager:
Chaos theory: This theory defines the need of prompt changes and uncertainties.
Leaders does not use a particular approach or theory to address specific issues into organisation.
Therefore, uncertainties and circumstances happens into organisation which require quick
decisions and Crete set of mind to apply right directions of working (De Boeck and et. al., 2019).
Leaders and mangers of Cafe Nero apply this theory at the time of upcoming competition and
ready to perform a dynamic working environment by providing prompt guidelines about
working.
Management by objective: Under this approach, the main focus is put on performance
and effectively. Managers use the theory to manage the organisation as per set objectives. They
perform strategies to get best results through employees. The mangers of Cafe Nero provide

motivation and immense support to their teams so that, employees will put their sufficient efforts
and knowledge to achieve objectives.
M2: Assess the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to situations within the work
environment.
Every approach or theory used by leaders and managers has some strength and weakness which
are discusses below:
Situational leadership: this approach is effective to take decisions according to the
situation which give accurate solution of the problem but its could be the reason of delay and
confusion due to uncertainty environment of working and leaders may take improper decision in
hurry.
System leadership: This approach is highly required in organisation due to having
conceptual framework to take dynamic work environment. The leaders require high professional
skills to work as per this approach as it is suitable for large organisations (Vadari, 2019). Cafe
Nero does not necessarily require these kind of leaders as their area of function are stick to sole
working and there is no work of collaboration.
Chaos theory: This theory does not contain any particular approach which may become
hurdle for leaders to handle complexities. It is not necessary that every leaders take prompt
decision effectively there might be changes of failure. So that, one must be superficial, confident
and motivated about their actions.
D1:Critically analyse and evaluate the different theories and approaches to leadership in given
contexts.
Situational leadership: This style of leadership provides positive impact on organisation
as decisions get change according to the situation and behaviour of employees. Leaders
sometimes faces work burden due to change their techniques according to different work borders
and capabilities of their team.
System leadership: This leadership approach is healthy for organisation which focus on
innovation. But leaders could not apply the same technique to different activities which require
time, cost and extra efforts.

Chaos theory: The theory make the leader suitable to take decisions during dynamic
work practices. During the course of work, prompt decision may affect the profitability of
company as the decisions would affect efficiency or might give positive result by achieving
objective. So that, it require focused and concentrated leadership behaviour to analyse the exact
changes into organisation.
Task or relationship oriented approaches: This approach of leadership creates two
kind of wok environment which is necessary for organisation (binti Arshad, bin Mohammed and
binti Chuweni). As people work as per their capability. Employees will perform task oriented
functions and leaders will focus on relationship. This create a hierarchical flow of work.
Management by objective: This theory Is necessary as managers and leaders focus on
completing objective by applying suitable styles of leadership. Therefore, it evaluates a positive
completion of objective as it is the only motive of leaders.
It has evaluated that all the theories and approaches are suitable If applied properly. So
that, leaders and mangers ned to be highly skills and capable to work in dynamic and situational
work context.
TASK 3
P4: Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers
play.
Operations and management Is about preparing finished goods by putting right material
and enable effective product and service of organisation. Operations works are related to
logistics, inventory control management, production, processing and scheduling. There are
various approaches and theory which defines leaders and mangers role. These theories are
presented below:
Six sigma:
This theory is highly focus on innovation and quality within organisation. It works as a
tool that provide great instances to organisation about cots saving, increasing effectiveness and
analyse mistake to boost quality into products and services. The leaders and managers apply this
concept under below mentioned way:

Define: The managers clearly explain the objective and product importance to the leader through
which team will focus on priorities. In which goals and objectives are identified by managers of
Cafe Nero.
Measure: once goals are identified , leaders carry forward practical implementation and measure
the performance by analysis mistakes and problem to carry out the process and leaders of Cafe
Nero will eventually apply leadership style to make employees better understand the task.
Analyse: this procedure involves testing and analysing the implications of input. Leaders and
employees of Cafe Nero first identify the speciality of beans and test it in sustainable way before
providing it to their customers.
Improve: After analyses mistakes or lack of efficiency, leaders and employees move their
efforts towards improvisation (Wahed, Faghri and Li, 2017). Cafe Nero has took immense
growth by improving their taste of Coffee by adding some unique flavours and inputs.
Control: The leaders maintain proper control over the project in order to save the time and
efforts put in above procedures.
Lean production theory:
This theory defines the requirement of eliminating wastage from the operations
activities. Lean principle manage the inventory and identify the mistakes through which
organisation could reduce their cost and improve quality within limited expenses. This theory is
necessary to increase level of profits for Cafe Nero, so that the managers and leaders focus on
maximising wastage from their beans and improve the quality which lowers down price of coffee
and customers prefer quality products at low prices. This theory defines ways of getting
competitive advantage in terms of pricing and quality.
P5: Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives.
Operations management is highly necessary for the organisation as it consist the areas of
development, control of inventory workflow, improve products and services and assure quality,
quantity, cost and time in product and logistics activities. There are various approaches of
operations management and why they are important which is described below:
Total quality management (TQM)

This approach defines the importance of great quality and quantity into the products of
organisation. The employees get proper directions and apply effective frameworks to get
successful in unique product development which involve customer satisfaction. From production
to development, employees, managers and leaders focus on customer requirement by preparing
employees for giving their best efforts.
Benefits:
 TQM approach enhance sales and minimise cost of operations procedure.
 Customers get satisfied and being loyal with Cafe Nero.
 TQM approach enhance employees performance and enable perfection which is a part to
success.
Justin-Time Inventory
This approach is important for Cafe Nero as it defines the minimum use of inventory. It
minimise waste by using inventory as much as possible. It reduce cost of inventory and reduce
the chances of having unsold stock (Ramanathan and et. al., 2017). This approach manage
operations in a desired way in Cafe Nero. As it is beneficial for the Cafe to look for save raw
materials and use it into fuller manner. Cafe Nero extracted beans are highly quality involved
that does not require regular changes which could be use as per the orders.
M3: Evaluate how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management to
successfully meet business objectives.
The managers and leaders play vital role in performing operational management effectively. It is
the main motive of business to achieve level of profits into the long run that needs competitive
strategies and creative mind in order to beat external environment. Therefore, leaders and
managers of Cafe Nero could perform essential task to achieve organisational goals:
leaders:
 leaders could enhance their skills and capabilities by coordinating with mangers and
guide their team about each operations requirement in an understanding way.
 The leaders must be patient if something goes wrong so that, employees remain
motivated and does not losses their confidence which could give effective results in next
attempt.

 Leader needs to come up with effective styles in which they must built proper control as
well as give freedom to employees to take decisions and reduce extra work time and
cost.
Managers:
 Managers need to make effective plans of operation, coordinate with leaders and
ascertain budget to give an insight about cost and input.
 They need to focus on providing trainings and analysis the requirement of new and
skilled workforce to achieve objectives.
TASK 4
P6: Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision-making by leaders and managers.
Business environment is dynamic and businesses are surrounded with many cultural, ethical and
legal boundations These environmental surroundings impact on operational management of
Cafe Nero which impact on decision making of leaders and mangers. These factor of external
business are discussed below:
Corporate social responsibility: this factor has major impact on operations management of
Cafe Nero. The company believes in sustainable production for which they need to take decision
of procuring raw materials and use them In eco-friendly manner (Cahill and et. al., 2021). The
managers needed to take decision which does not harm any creature of planet and assure safety
of workforce and customer. The ingredients and machinery used in production must be effective
which promote concerns of people believes and values.
Stakeholder relations: this factor also needs to take into concern for mangers and leaders
before make any decision regarding expansion and growth in operations process. The Cafe
Nero needs to involve stakeholder participation to boost their brand name and reach among
people also give rise to intrapreuership. This means collaborative efforts will utilising effective
talent and resources in cost effective way.

M4: Analyse how these different factors affect the business environment and wider community.
The business factors of external environment such as corporate social responsibilities and
stakeholders relations affects in a broader way in the community. The organisation who does
sustainable operations and work by concerning about people values, ethics and culture are the
mist successful one. different people have different perspective and cultural which must be ]
recognise for taking any decisions for product procedure. As any operational activity which harm
the environment or feeling of people would lead to destroy companies reputation.
Stakeholders relations also necessary to gets opportunity of different market and
collaborative working which boost companies potential and growth into modern market.
D2:Critically evaluate application of operations management and factors that impact on the
wider business environment.
The operations management is applicable in Cafe Nero in order to provide coffee and
food with great taste and quality (Simić, Babić and Andrić, 2018). The approach of TQM and
just in time inventory enable cost effective production through which the company enjoy great
profits in annual year. The decision of inventory, budget and cost are depend on customer
perception. Sustainable development is the main aim of Cafe Nero through which they provide
employment to framers and creates a positive image into market.
CONCLUSION
The report has concluded about management and operations by focusing on the role of leaders
and managers into different situation. There are many theories and approaches which implement
as per employees behaviours and capabilities. The report identified various approaches and
theories of operations management that require control of wastage and promote quality and
quantity of production to get positive impact of business environment factor such as corporate
social responsibility and stakeholders relations.

REFERNCES:
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