Management Theories and Practices

Management theories
and practices

Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Management theory refers to a concept that incorporates management strategies, tools or
frameworks which provide guidelines which can be implemented in an organization. Hence,
management theories can be described as a collection of ideas that pertains general rules
regarding ways of management of business operations. Management practices can be defined as
a working method that are utilised by managers of an enterprise for enhancing its efficiency and
productivity level (Christensen, Sandholtz and Olsen, 2019). This report is based on evaluation
of management practices of business in context to industrial revolution. It covers demonstration
of management practices evaluation prior to industrial revolution. Further, management practices
at the time of industrial revolution is explained. Practices of management post industrial
revolution is also demonstrated.
MAIN BODY
Industrial revolution refers to a transition of procedures of manufacturing in an organization
from labour intensive productions to incorporation of machineries for the same. It indicates rise
of factory system which is mechanised. Industrial revolution pertains high impact on activities of
business.
Management practices before industrial revolution: Prior industrial revolution,
management practices were not incorporated or focused much in an organization. Here, people
that were engaged in commerce formed groups that is termed as merchant guilds. In this era,
organizations of craft guilds were through regulations (Dholakia, Dholakia and Chattopadhyay,
2018). Guilds limited the supply of labours by controlling of conditions regarding entrance into
crafts. Regulation of working conditions were incorporated by defining tools and techniques,
wages of labours, as well as hours of production process. This intense specialization era was
stated by countermovement regarding amalgamation of various crafts. Here, tendency of growth
in market was reflected and a desire of expanding abilities of trading was incorporated in
enterprising masters. This comes up at a cost of handicraft functions. Craftsmen were highly
dependent on traders, while masters or traders tend to retain craftsmen as a wage worker for
retaining high amount of profit from growing market. This leads to rise in master-ship and
reduction in craftmanship. This comes up as a struggle for labour class. As companies are highly
focused on enhancing economies of scale by business by improvising level of output. This
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