Role of Leaders and Managers in Operations of an Organization

This article discusses the role of leaders and managers in the operations of an organization. It explains the concept of operational management and its importance in achieving goals and increasing profits. The article also provides insights into the various leadership styles and their implementation in different contexts. It further explores the strategies adopted by managers to compete in the global market and the role of leaders in motivating employees to perform their best. Get expert study material and solved assignments on Desklib.

Unit – 4
Management
And
Operations

Table of Contents
Table of Contents...................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
2) Difference between role of a leader and function of manager.......................................................3
TASK – 2...............................................................................................................................................5
3) Role of a leader and function of manager in various contexts.......................................................5
TASK – 3...............................................................................................................................................7
4) Role that leaders and managers play in operations of an organisation...........................................7
TASK – 4...............................................................................................................................................9
5) Relationship between leadership and management in a contemporary business environment......9
6. CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................10
7. REFERENCES................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
The essential activity done by managers and leaders to motivate workers for finishing
and achieving their desired goals is called operational activities. It is further being managed
and organised by executives in order to track, monitor and control all the actions within
business environment to compete with rivalries is termed as management. In this project,
Vodafone Group has been implied as a British multinational telecommunication company
which is located at Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom. This project distinguishes among
supervisors and leaders with their job accountability at varied circumstances (Alsharoa and
et.al., 2019). It further elaborates various premises and sculpts for approaches of leadership
style. This also includes the key approaches of managers and leaders within the organisation .
At last it determines the importance of operation management that is very helpful in taking
the decisions and earning higher profits.
TASK 1
2) Difference between role of a leader and function of manager
Vodafone Group Plc:- The Vodafone organisation as being former idea cellular
limited which is British multinational telecommunication company. It predominantly operates
services at various geographical areas by expanding business at vast level. The company was
founded by Gerry Whent, Ernest Harrison and is headquartered in Newbury, Berkshire,
United Kingdom. Its ISIN number is GB00BH4HKS39 with products as fixed line telephone,
mobile phones, digital and internet services, IPTV and broadband.
The managers have the ability to develop inventive thinking skills for implementing
and executing plan to attain success in future. It is most important for directors to increase
brand awareness and positioning of its product and services for enlarging sales by attracting
customers to purchase (Bandi, Trichakis and Vayanos, 2019). The manager further
emphasizes leader to take corrective measures for playing its role to delegate and lead the
team to accomplish specific target with professionalism.
The comparison between supervisors and organizers are as follows:-
Basis of Difference Managers Leaders
Meaning The managers refer as person
who has the accountability to
manage and run business
effectively for achieving the
target efficiently.
The leaders are less powerful
as compared to managers and
have the responsibility to
follow instructions of
directors for finishing the
desired short term goal on
certain date.
Examples The supervisors of Vodafone
group are Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer, Deputy
General Managers, etc., also
The organizers of Vodafone
group are Richard Boyce,
Ben Elms, Nick Gliddon, etc.

termed as key persons.
Role The role of a manager can
manage and organize all the
functions and activities so
that no misunderstanding can
be created.
The role of a leader is to
supervise the followers as per
their vision so that they
performed their task
effectively.
Characteristics The main feature of a
manager is to manage the
time and workforce of the
company to enhance the
productivity within working
environment.
The main characteristic of a
leader is to build a strong
team so that conflicts may be
reduced and task can be done
effectively.
Managers :- A manager is the person who perform the various functions within organisation
and manages and organises all the activities so that task can be achieved in an prominent
manner. The managers of Vodafone Group emphasize on playing their roles and
responsibilities effectively as being aware of pros and cons for each actions took in business
(Cusumano, Gawer and Yoffie, 2019).
Role:-
 Develop inventive ideas:- It is most important for directors of Vodafone Group as to
take initiative for pertaining competitive ideas that leads company to enlarge
customers.
 Performance appraisal:- The main duty and accountability for managers of
Vodafone Group is to appraise workers by monitoring and evaluating their task as per
the time consumption for identifying specialisation.
Characteristics:-
 Time-Management:- It is very essential for directors of Vodafone Group to
accomplish the desired plan with time management that leads company to develop its
effective position at global market by full utilisation of scarce resources. Human Resource Management:- The managers of Vodafone Group further
analysing vacancy in business that creates delay of goal accomplishment. It
emphasize on recruiting and appointing more workers by creating job opportunities
for completing the goal on time (Dmitriev and Novikov, 2019).
Leaders :- A leader is the person who influence other person to perform the work according
to their vision and mission. The leaders of Vodafone Group are highly inspired by managers
decisions to attain success for competing with rivalries. It further focuses on encouraging
workers to complete their task with eagerness by describing them importance of every action
that motivate to give their best efforts.
Role:-

 Delegator:- It is most important role for leaders of Vodafone Group in delegating
jobs and accountability to individual with division of work as per capabilities of
workers.
 Decisiveness:- The organizer of Vodafone Group accentuate on taking effective
decisions for delegating work to employees in order to accomplish target at certain
duration.
Characteristics:-
 Empathy:- This is very essential for leaders of Vodafone Group to build good
employee association among them for understanding their situations at varied
circumstances (Esenduran, Atasu and Van Wassenhove, 2019).
 Team Player:- The organizer is highly capable in taking responsibility of task being
done by its workers and take necessary steps to achieve the target.
TASK – 2
3) Role of a leader and function of manager in various contexts
There are various functions being played by managers in an organisation, some of
them are mentioned with reference to Vodafone Group as follows:-
 Change management- This term is a systematic approach that that helps in
transforming the goals and working culture within organisation. In case of Vodafone,
manager can adopts the change and gives the guidelines to the leaders so that they can
influence the employees and motivates them to accept the change. In this situational
leadership is suitable because it can not occur regularly within organisation due to this
situational leadership is adopted by leaders.
 Conflict resolution- it refers to that term in which managers of Vodafone can follows
some measures to resolve the conflicts between the employees so that they can work
effectively in this leaders can systemically arrange all the work and divided as per the
skills and knowledge of that. In this situation company can adopted the system
leadership style to solve the problem related to conflict. This helps in gaining the
productivity of employees.
 Communication- It refers to the two way communication to properly manges the
decorum within the organisation between employees and managers leaders canb
adopts the situational leadership style because it is used as per the situation occur with
organisation it is most suitable because it helps in solving the communication issues
between employees and employers.
 Human Resource Management:- HRM:- The department of HRM highly focus on
managing the human resource by filling the vacancy through hiring and appointing
employees (France-Mensah and O’Brien, 2019). Managers of Vodafone Group

analyse the vacant designation and further recruit the staff as per requirement and
satisfies with terms and conditions. It is essential to develop good workforce that is
capable in finishing the goal at meticulous time period that leads to compete with
rivalries by increasing strengths.
 Production:- It refers as ability of managers to produce strategic decision-making
procedure for generating innovative product. This is most important for directors to
implement inventive ideas that results in being stable at global market. The managers
of Vodafone Group further plans various ideas such as high data package at least
amount, broad networking, etc.
 Operation:- The operation means to perform task on certain valid decision that will
surely create prospect to compete. It is most important for managers of Vodafone
Group to execute their plan that enlarge customers throughout satisfying their needs
and wants by delivering various services at low cost.
 Information Technology:- The managers of Vodafone Group aims to analyse the
varied technologies or techniques being adopted by its rivalries that are Airtel,
Reliance Jio, etc. It is essential for directors to determine as that might create threat by
transforming the mind of its loyal customers (Gokilakrishnan and Varthanan, 2019).
This further develops various strategies to compete with them in order to maintain its
value at international marketplace.
 Marketing:- The Vodafone Group managers focus on promoting and positioning its
services at large scale by attracting from rural to urban areas for high consumption of
its services.
 Sales:- The directors of Vodafone Group further develops various plans or schemes to
attracts large numbers of customers for increasing its sales that leads to generate high
profit-margin.
The managers of Vodafone Group further takes protective measures for restricting the
risk through increasing competitive advantages for sustainable at worldwide marketplace
(Helo, Phuong and Hao, 2019). Some of the strategies being adopted by managers for
creating opportunity to compete with rivalries as to remain stable at international marketplace
are:-
 Supply Chain Management (SCM):- It refers as ability of manager further focus on
delivering broad networking facilities to its target market by encouraging them to
build network wherever they move. Managers of Vodafone emphasize on selling their
services at large level and promoting its network through advertisements, posters,
events, Olympic Games, etc.
 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):- The directors of Vodafone furthermore
focus on developing good corporate social responsibility that leads to increase co-
ordination with employees for achieving goal efficiently. It is also essential for

managers to build good interpersonal relations among customers for analysing the
change in their demands (Huang, Roychowdhury and Sletten, 2019).
Elaborate various styles of leadership that is implemented by the leaders within organisation
Leadership style for Vodafone Group:- The leaders of an organisation focus on
adopting various leadership styles for encouraging workers to finish their target within the
same date. It is mandatory for leaders to become lenient and harsh by evaluating the
employee performing for achieving goals. Organizers of Vodafone Group further focus on
various approaches to ascertain target that leads company to attain its vision and mission
efficiently.
 Situational approach:- This style of leadership encompass organizers to follow the
plan as per the guidance and further focus on monitoring actions for identifying
gap(Alsharoa and et.al., 2019). The leaders of Vodafone Group can use this approach
for being strict and harsh towards workforce as they lack in accomplishment of huge
target. The strength of this style is making workers aware of taking responsibility
seriously for completing task with efficacy. The weakness of this approach is people
lack in developing morale with adverse reaction of leader that is hardly expected for
them.
 System approach:- This refers as workers are entitled to complete the task within
systematic or discipline manner and must follow the decision of directors for
achieving short term goals(Bandi, Trichakis and Vayanos, 2019). The Vodafone
develop strength with this approach as people are good listeners and active
participators that lead to attain goals efficiently. It creates weakness for company as
workers does not have any power and feel like robot working in an organisation that
restricts their interest or job satisfaction.
 Laissez-Faire approach:- In this approach of leadership style, leaders aim to develop
an effective team by selecting the best candidates in team that are highly active,
participative and productive in nature(Cusumano, Gawer and Yoffie, 2019). The
leaders of Vodafone increase strength through giving them power to complete their
task in accordance to their will and efficacy. The Company further face weakness as
people become lazy and lacks in achieving goals at fixed time boundation (Jaggi and
et.al., 2019).
 Contingency approach:- This appraoch describes the process through which leaders
or team player adopts the combination of both situational and system leadership style
within the organisation(Dmitriev and Novikov, 2019) The leaders of Vodafone
Company develop strength through performing its task continuously with the motive
to achieve ambition efficiently. The Company challenges weakness by change in
demands of customers or governmental legislations that has to be focused.

From the above mentioned leadership styles, managers of Vodafone Group adopts
Laissez-Faire approach, as being the best style for selecting effective and specialised
workers in the team that are active in finishing goal on time.
TASK – 3
4) Role that leaders and managers play in operations of an organisation
Definition of Operation Management:- The operation management is also termed as
business administration which focus on transforming the scarce resources or raw materials
effectively for ascertaining expansion and improvement of company(Esenduran, Atasu and
Van Wassenhove, 2019). Managers of Vodafone Group implement these approaches of
operational management for improving its services with the motive to increase sales for
enlarging target market.
 Total Quality Management (TQM):- It refers as ability of managers to improve
their qualitative services that is capable in satisfying the demands of
customers(France-Mensah and O’Brien, 2019). The role for managers of Vodafone
Group is to analyse the changing demands of customers with their contentment level
(Jeevabharathi, 2019). The role of leaders further adopts various strategies to increase
their quality through developing servers at every corner by building its more towers.
 Six Sigma:- The Six Sigma approach emphasize on restricting errors within
organisation by analysing the pleasure of customers(Gokilakrishnan and Varthanan,
2019). Role for managers of Vodafone Group focus on improving its facilities that
enrich the desires of customers through effective utilisation of broadband. The role of
leaders in Company is to focus on maximising services from rural to urban areas by
linking connection from one place to another.
 Queuing Theory:- The queuing theory describes that configuration, utility and
blockage for waiting lines that results in lack of customer satisfaction. The role for
directors of Vodafone Group further focus on solving the problems or queries of
customers by focusing on it(Helo, Phuong and Hao, 2019). The role for organizers of
Vodafone is to determine the improvement in pleasure of loyal customers by
developing corporate social responsibility.
 Lean Production:- This approach refers as focusing on business activities of
production by developing competitive strategies that immune the consistency for
stability of company(Huang, Roychowdhury and Sletten, 2019). Managers of
Vodafone focus on hiring those candidates that is highly capable in operating
technological equipments which leads to improve efficiency and leads to sustain in
global market. The role for managers of Vodafone Group is to examine the functions
of manufacturers and producers by analysing the varied process that might lack in
effective production activity (Kasperson, 2019). The role for leaders of Company is to

encourage workers for performing their task with high skills and knowledge that leads
to complete business activity with specialisation.
 Kaizen Approach:- The Kaizen approach motivate and inspire employees to perform
their task in collective agreements with the motive to attain vision and mission of
organisation. The role for directors of Vodafone Group is to emphasize on teamwork,
personal discipline and improve morale of workers. The role for organizers is to
develop interest among employees by encouraging them to perform business activity
for accomplishment of individual and organisational goals.
 Production based approach- This approach is defines the process of manufacturing
the products on the efficiently way. In this Vodafone can adopts the computers to
store the data and information so that Wastage can be removed and efficiently can be
enhanced. IN this managers can perform the role of properly manager and organize all
the activities relayed to production so that no issue can be faced in attaining goals. In
this leaders can properly communicate their followers so that they can done their task
effectively with optimum utilisation of resources.
Determine the value and importance of business administration
The Operation administration is very essential for most organisations as it creates
opportunity for enterprises to expand and improve their business activities which highly
satisfies their clients (Nadar and Vijayan, 2020). The managers of Vodafone Group
implement this for transforming their raw material into effective finished services that have
the capability to meet the demands of clients. Some of its significance and worth have been
explained as under:-
 Digital service:- It refers as telecommunication industry further focus on developing
digital services that are available to customers for using their broad internet protocols
to connect with distanced people. The managers of Vodafone Group emphasize on
this operational activity for improving their network services by restricting blockage
in networks. It is most important activity for the company to enlarge its sales by
developing good connectivity for its clients that encourage them to be their loyal and
supportive customers for long period.
 High speed in providing networks:- The information technology industries highly
focus on their network speed for its customers in order to minimise the errors for
insufficiency. It is the main duty and accountability for directors of Vodafone Group
to manage its server effectively and also focus on distributing at high speed that
develops the interest of customers to use it consecutively (Pourmoayed and Nielsen,
2020).
 Solving customer queries:- It is most important for an organisation to determine the
queries or feedback of its customers and to solve it efficiently. The managers of
Vodafone Group furthermore determine the errors within business and analyse the

factor which result in lack of customer satisfaction. It auxiliary takes necessary steps
for improving the errors in order to satisfy them with excellent service facilities.
 Reducing cost of plans or schemes:- The major action being taken by managers of
an organisation is to develop competitive strategies through delivering qualitative and
best schemes at very low cost. This encourages customers to purchase more of its
services and be highly satisfied that leads them to be loyal and enlarge in gaining best
plans. The managers of Vodafone Group further develop various plans for its clients
with high data package at least-cost effective pricing strategy for increasing sales and
profitability ratios.
TASK – 4
5) Relationship between leadership and management in a contemporary
business environment
Internal factors – It refers to that factors that impact the organisation internally but gives the
outside results to the company. In case of Vodafone group, there are some internal factors
that can be shown below.
 Culture- It refers to values, beliefs, customers and behaviour of an individual person.
In case of Vodafone group, manager can make the friendly and healthy environment
within the working area so that task can be achieved successfully. In this leader can
influence the employees and supports them to complete the task for achieving the
goals.
 Ethics- This term defines the values, rules and code of conduct that is adopted within
company for moth functioning of activities and maintaining good brand image. In
case of Vodafone, manager can provide the guidelines related to follow rules and
regulation and leaders can ensures that ethics and code of conduct can properly
followed by the employees.
 CSR- It refers to the corporate social responsibilities in which businesses can focus
on adopting the social responsibility. In case of Vodafone, leaders and managers can
provide the best servicve to the customers by safekeeping the environment so that
they will attracts the large base of customers and earns high profits.
Micro factors
 Customers are the core and significant term for every business enterprise due to this
company can earn higher profits and maximise the growth and profits for longer
sustainability within market place. In case of Vodafone, manager can focus on
fulfilling the needs of customers so that they will get attracted towards them and
leaders can focus on that employees are work on satisfying the needs of customers or
not.
 Suppliers are those who supply the raw material to the company at low cost so that
company can deliver it to the customers at low cost. In case of Vodafone, managers

can analyse the suppliers and their goods that they can delivers the quality goods to
the firm so that they will earn higher profits.
External macro-environment:- The factors of external environment plays major role
in an organisation by creating favourable and unfavourable affect over business
administration. These aspects usually emphasize on positive or negative impact upon
business stability by affecting the operational management and executive decisions
(Riebsame, 2019). Managers of Vodafone Group focus on these factors for identifying the
collision of these extrinsic aspects over business that creates opportunity or threat in being
stable at competitive market.
PESTLE Analysis for Vodafone Group:- This framework is mostly adopted by
different organisations for determining the aspects of business environment that affects its
steadiness in perfect competition market. Managers of Vodafone Group implement this
analysis for identifying the reasons for its success or failure at international marketplace.
 The political factor:- Vodafone Group directors are positively impacted as the
government of United Kingdom used to remain stable which does not affect its
strategic decision-making procedure. The Company is also negatively impacted as
government used to impose new legislations that affect its steadiness which includes
trade restrictions that limits the exchange of export and import across the boundaries
of nations. This factor is positively affect the decision making of the company
because of this taking decision would be easy to the manger.
o Advantage
 The major benefit of this factor is that it helps in adopting the best
decisions so that company may enjoy larger profits.
 It also helps in enhancing the economy of the country and also creating
good relation with other country.
o Disadvantage-
 Due to frequently imposed of new regulation and laws company may
face many issues regarding earning profits and maintaining the brand
image in marketplace.
 This terms also limits the boundary for trading due to which companies
cannot earn higher profits.
 The economic factor:- The managers of Vodafone Group are favourably affected as
customers develop trust and faith for gaining valuable services from companies at
least cost which increase their pleasure. The Company is unfavourably affected by
foreign exchange rate that restricts the buying power of customers due to inflation rate
which decrease sales. This factor is negatively affect the decision related to decide the
price because of high inflation rate present in UK.

o Advantage
 It helps in enhancing the profits and image of the organisation within
the marketplace because of high purchasing power of customers.
 This factor also helps in maximising the GDP of the country due to this
firm can pay less amount of tax.
o Disadvantage
 The major drawback is that the restricted foreign exchange due to this
no large customers get attracted.
 This also reduced the sales and profits of the company because of high
inflation rate follows in country.
 The social factor:- Vodafone Group directors are positively impacted by developing
corporate social responsibility that leads to analyse the change in taste and preference
of customers for taking necessary steps. The Company is negatively impacted by the
high bargaining demands of customers for purchasing the plans or schemes at very
low price which restricts profitability ratios (Sauer and Seuring, 2019). Social factor
helps in taking effective decisions but is place an negative impact because of
frequently change in the demand of the customers.
o Advantage
 The trump card of this aspect is that it helps the organisation to adopts
and aspect the change effectively for earning higher profits.
 Due to fulfilling the customers needs and demands organisation image
can be enhance.
o Disadvantage-
 The major disadvantage of this is that company invest more on
researching the society for earning higher growth.
 Due to low cost charged on the products company can face reduction
in profit margin. This will affect the longer sustainability of firm.
 The technological factor:- The technological factor affect decision-making
procedure of directors and supervisor as the new technologies adopted by rivalries
might create threat for company. The managers of Vodafone Group are favourably
affected by adopting new technology and services that includes 4G, 5G, etc., which
increase the speed of network and develop interest of customers to operate it. The
Company is unfavourably affected as manufacturers believe in technology adoption
will become in obsolete in future that results in high expenditure.

o Advantage
 the major advantage of this is that is reduced the labour work within
organisation.
 It also helps in enhancing the brand image and profits in the global
market.
o Disadvantage
 The major drawback of this is that it contains more cost that will affect
the operations of the business.
 Due to adopting advanced technology only experienced person get the
jobs and other are unemployed due to this country may face the
problem of unemployment.
 The legal factor:- Vodafone Group directors are positively impacted by following
each and every legal legislations imposed by government that develops good image
and reputation of company among public. The Company is negatively impacted by
not able to implement lawful obligations that diminish the value in front of customers.
o Advantage
 the major advantage of this it helps in saving the benefits of employees
so that they work effectively.
o Disadvantage
 The major drawback is that because of applying major laws and
policies company can invest more cost due to this their operating cost
may affected and taking decisions may be tough.
 The ecological factor:- The managers of Vodafone are favourably affected by this
factors as it does not affect atmosphere with its business atmosphere and plant more
trees for convenience of employees. The Company is unfavourably affected by
natural disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, Tsunami, etc., which affect the
stability of business (Thürer and et.al., 2019).
o Advantage
 The major advantage of this is that following proper laws related to
environment helps in earning more profits.
 It also helps in build a smart and clean environment city in which
business operate.
o Disadvantage

 The natural disasters is the major drawback of this factor because it
reduces the profits and enhances the expenses of the company.
6. CONCLUSION
From the above described project it have been concluded that operational
administration is very important for increasing aggressive strategies that develop prospect for
company to sustain in competitive market. This project distinguishes among supervisors and
leaders with their job accountability at varied circumstances. It further elaborates various
premises and sculpts for approaches of leadership style through situational, system, Laissez-
Faire and contingency approach. This also elucidates the key approaches of business
administration for managers and organizers that include TQM, Six Sigma, lean purchasing,
queuing theory and Kaizen approach. Apartly, it determines value and importance of business
administration and interprets the aspect of industrial atmosphere over executive decisions
with execution of PESTLE analysis.

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