Managing Risk in Modern Construction

This document discusses the challenges of reducing the use of cement in modern construction projects and the potential risks involved. It provides insights into project identification, research methods, feasibility studies, and potential solutions. The document also explores the scope of the project, identifies potential resources and costs, and provides a project management plan. The subject is construction management, and the document type is a report.

Managing Risk in Modern Construction
1

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16
2

INTRODUCTION
The project is related to the reducing use of cement in concrete constructions project.
Cement is consider one of most important element which help for creating a strong bonding
between different concrete components. That’s why, it will be using the cement in different
constructions project. The report will describe about the overall problem identification in the
concrete construction project when they will reduce the use of cement. It will be identified the
generated the various threat such as vulnerable to damage. It directly effects on the entire
concrete structures and significant way to impact on economic condition.
The report will discuss about the project identification, research methods, and feasibility
studies which providing the brief idea the entire project. Furthermore, it will describe the scope
concrete construction project in the marketplace. However, it will be designing project
management plan to identify the essential resources, costs and time involved. The documentation
will implement the various techniques for potential solution in the project management plan of
concrete construction project.
TASK 1
Project identification
The “Sigma construction” company in UK, mainly focused on the concrete constructions
project involving the diverse materials, processes and equipment’s used. In this way, it help for
“reducing the use of cement in the concrete constructions”
Problem identification:
 In this concrete construction project, it has been identified the common problem related
the scaling which automatically break surface. It consists of inadequate concrete strength
due to reduce use of cement.
 Discoloration is another problem that occurs within concrete construction project when
reducing use of cement. It will be suddenly changed to materials.
Since waste item and other by-item from other industries that will be used in production
(Chihuri and Pretorius, 2010). Thereby reducing the use of cement within construction because
large number of client way to prefer natural item or sustainability. But it is not useful in long-
term management. However, it will be identifying various problem in the concrete constructions
project.
3

Reason for selecting Aim
The Primary aim of report is to understand the concept when reducing the use of cement in
concrete constructions project. It is important for considering the various natural raw materials,
which are usually generated the less pollution in the environment. Construction Company prefer
to select strong raw element that help for maintaining instability of entire constructions project in
proper manner. Afterwards, it will be generating the specific output, value in both client and
contractors during concrete constructions project.
Aim: To critically analyse for reducing the use of cement in concrete constructions.
Objective:
 To analyse that how reduce the use of cement in concrete construction project, which are
shared and managed in project.
 To develop the better recommendation, which always contribute to more effective
strategies for managing the concrete construction projects.
By using Aim and objective that would be formulating the entire construction project in order to
reduce the use of cement in large amount. The reason for selecting suitable “Aim” to identify the
current situation when it can be reducing the use of cement whereas affecting the entire
construction project durability, stability but sometime, it also promoting to use natural element
within construction project.
Research method
Guinness (2018) It is based on the method or technique that is mainly used for collecting
large amount of information related the project. It provide the brief idea about the construction
project and how it would prefer to select an appropriate information or data.
By using different journals, articles, publications, it has identified that construction
companies also faced the issue or problem when they can reduce use of cement in concrete
construction. There are approximately 20% to 30% of cement replacement occurs, because
industries focused on the sustainability materials. That’s why, it has generated the issues related
Discoloration, scaling so that it would require to focus on the effective raw materials, it provide
the best quality of strength. In order to tackle problem by implementing various strategies
solutions.
4

Feasibility studies
A feasibility study can be used for analysing that takes all project relevant factors into
account the considerations. In this way, it ascertain the likelihood of completing the concrete
constructions project successfully. Sometimes, it can be categorised on the basis of its feasibility
studies. It is mainly referred to the different groups, which always participating in the different
operation and function.
However, it may use suitable alternative approaches for concrete constructions project. it
must ensure that entire process work in properly.
Preliminary design: The rejection of construction project may result in loss of expenditure in
“Sigma Construction” Company. In this way, it is mainly focused on the implementing the
different operation and function (Motaleb, 2017). As a result, it can be identified the various
disadvantage that must obligatorily be taken by “Sigma construction”.
 It can be identified the initial steps for construction when relates to the competition level.
 It has been identified the poorly recognised preferences of investors.
 It has been determined the poorly self-esteems.
 Threat of overestimating the price, cost of current project.
Tender: It is based on the prerequisite for commencement of construction project. In order to
identify the need or requirement for specific approach to the different construction processes.
These are different stages with following issues within Concrete construction project.
 Identify the corruption
 Determine the tender cancellation
 Threat of using predatory pricing by alternative competitors.
 Incurring excessive costs, price for lobbying as well as marketing.
 Client’s reliability.
Detailed design: it is important process which has established the different forms and considered
the final project. In this stage, they have following the various risks. In concrete construction
project, it will be reducing the large of cement in project. It has identified lack of issues during
construction design patterns as follows:
 Improper selection of design pattern
 Lack of durability, stability
 Overestimating the price of project
5

 Increases the aesthetic level.
Financing the investment
 Economic, political instability in specific country.
 The improper cost plan which directly affect on the overall construction process.
 threat of client credibility
 Threat of law compliance as well as enforcement.
Brief specification
The construction project of “Sigma firm” that associated with reducing the use of cement in
concrete constructions. The enterprise should be prepared the occurrence of possible
opportunities as well as threat, when reducing the use of cement in concrete construction project.
(Sánchez-Silva, 2019).
Furthermore, it is implementing the each project that should undergo certain analysis. In
order to perform the different operation along with identification of possible threats. The
identification of overall construction project, which is mainly defining what type of threat may
affect when reducing use of cement in concrete project.
Furthermore, it is also evaluating the relationship that may arise between the
identification, planning on time, resources and other feasibility. Planning how to cope with the
various opportunities which become extremely difficult. Therefore, it will be required to use
better project planning. Therefore, it can easily specification of involvement at different phases
in most of case translate into multiple project activities.
Project rationale
The project will concern about reducing use of cement within concrete construction
project. On the other hand, it has been increased the issues related lack of durability, bonding. In
this way, it has chances to fail the project and also minimized the quality of building.
TASK 2
Scope of project and identifying potential resources, costs, personnel and timescale involved.
In this concrete constructions project, it is mainly focused on the different processes that
consists of data related the current plan. In order to identify the necessary equipment’s, hardware
and software requirement. It will help for completing the project on specific timeline
(Shahtaheri, Rausch and Nahangi, 2017). In this way, it is an essential for gathering project
6

details through effective plan, communicate with other team members. Moreover, it can be
identified the quality, cost, scope and timeline of construction project.
 Budget/ cost: It will be calculating the entire budget of project and investment require for
performing the different activities. Site manager always focused on the determined the
actual cost which are associated with the construction project. Sometimes, it may
consider the essential resources and handle the complexity within concrete construction
project. Furthermore, the overall investment require in the project approximately
$15,0000.
 Scope: In construction project. It will be including the various parameters, scope which
identifying the certain goals, time line and price. Afterwards, it become easier to find out
the scope of overall project. Main scope is to develop the dynamic building in which
implementing the different action in task execution such as site clearing, plumbing,
electric work and foundations. There are considered the essential activities performed in
the site location. Afterwards, it will be successfully completed the “concrete construction
project” in proper manner.
 Time interval: in this construction project. Site manager has been scheduled the time
intervals, defining the multiple task in proper manner. Each and every activities are
performed the different operation in the construction project. The overall time required
for completing the project within 6-Months.
Describe a range of techniques for potential solutions and stating them clearly indicating the
costs and cost planning involve.
In above, it has identified the different problem within concrete problem when reducing
use of cement in concrete construction project. it can be used the different technique, which
providing the better potential solution for concrete constructions project.
Solution: 1
 Concrete discoloration is the identified the problem so that they can reduce the issue
when specifying with ready mix supplier at tolerance level.
 It help for avoiding hard trowelling on the exterior surface of construction.
 Wait until when water has been evaporated before finishing the concrete.
7

Solution: 2
 Scaling is identified as problem within concrete construction project so that they can
apply solution to select the entrained mix during construction.
 It is essential to avoid the chemical in surface designing, especially when winter season.
Iindicating the costs and cost planning involve.
 The construction project cost estimates that may be viewed from the multiple
perspectives in despite, various cost estimations are used in the different level in the
processes. The entire project require approximately $15,0000.
 It is based in the planning, designing stage of project, considerable various design
estimates reflect the progress to construction project. In this way, it is completely
screening the estimate of overall budget of layout, structure and different pattern
(Sutrisna and Goulding, 2019).
 Project will be calculating the overall project budget, adopting the base line on the basis
of cost control and afterwards implementing the different activities. The budget
estimation that must require to adopt at early stage of planning.
Prepare and update the ongoing project management plan and standard system.
PERT chart (Project evaluation and review technique): It is based on the evaluation
technique or method that is mainly used for identifying the certain time intervals. It takes place
to finish the particular task or activity (Sutrisna and Goulding, 2019).
In “concrete constructions” project, this method can be used to identify the solution and
review the scheduling and coordination of all task throughout construction project. Furthermore,
it will be determined the different activities in construction project such as site work, construct
concrete garage slab, obtain raw materials, prefab wall panel and installing other utilised.
Activity Description Predecessors
A Site work -
B Construct concrete garage slab -
C Obtain raw materials A
D Prefab wall panel A
E Erect walls B,C
F Erect trusses B,C
G Installing sewer line D, E
8

H Installing other utilities D, E
I Pouring concrete F, G
Figure 1 PERT Chart
9

Gantt chart:
It is a type of chart that mainly illustrate a project schedule, design for representing the
dependency relationship between various activities as well as schedule status (Sutrisna and
Goulding, 2019). It is known as project management tool or platform for assisting the planning,
scheduling the current project of different sizes, although it is particularly useful for simplifying
the construction project in proper manner.
It is useful for completing the each task in step by step manner, in order to identify their
specific duration of project. this can possible to check the progress of project in quickly manner.
Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Site work 7 days Fri 7/10/20 Mon 7/20/20
Construct concrete garage
slab 10 days Fri 7/10/20 Thu 7/23/20
Obtain raw materials 9 days Tue 7/21/20 Fri 7/31/20 1
Prefab wall panel 15 days Tue 7/21/20 Mon 8/10/20 1
Erect walls 20 days Mon 8/3/20 Fri 8/28/20 2,3
Erect trusses 15 days Mon 8/3/20 Fri 8/21/20 2,3
Installing sewer line 6 days Mon 8/31/20 Mon 9/7/20 4,5
Installing other utilities 8 days Mon 8/31/20 Wed 9/9/20 4,5
Pouring concrete 5 days Tue 9/8/20 Mon 9/14/20 6,7
Figure 2 Gantt chart
10

CPM (Critical Path method): It is one of most commonly used technique that are generally
used within the “Concrete constructions” project. It may include the different steps for planning
the processes that defines critical as well as non-critical tasks. It involves A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
I ideally appropriate suited to project which consisting of various activities, in order to interact
with complex manner.
Figure 3 Critical path
TASK 3
Evaluation of potential project management solution with the help of PERT or CPM state the
current project specification.
In the “Concrete constructions” project, manager can evaluation of potential project
management solution by using PERT and CPM. It plays important role in the constructions
project which easily handling the complexity. Project manager can assist the different technique
like PERT/CPM to examine initial stage to final. In this way, it become easier for handling the
entire schedule and budget within the certain price divisions.
Furthermore, it can be starting the process through logbook, which providing the brief idea
whereas how they can acquire the scheduling information
Evaluating the accurate solution while implementing the CPM method supports for
estimating time, cost trade-offs. It enabling to invest the way in which reducing the time duration
of project. In additional, it provide the better way in which systematic procedures in term of
planning, controlling as well scheduling the overall project (Turac, 2020).
11

Another way, PERT and CPM that involved the finest term in which focused on the
model approach, consider the key features of problem or issues. As a resulting, it become easier
for improving the entire project activities. By using PERT, CPM continues to evolve the
expected need or requirement. Afterward, it is recording the changes in the plan which
performed the significant task.
Justified the solution with refer to initial state project.
It has been justified the solution which applying an appropriate strategies. it provide the
facilities to select the initial stage from final stage by using PERT, CPM, which providing the
better accurate solution. Generally, it is mainly starts with initial process to end process (Sutrisna
and Goulding, 2019).
Another key assumption of PERT/CPM is that perform the activity which begin until all
immediate predecessors are completely finished. It is also evaluating the PERT/CPM technique
for estimating the better result or outcome. Each and every activities are available in different
resources such as money, equipment and other personnel.
Once resources have been allocated in proper manner and applied the PERT/CPM. In order
to combine with allocation of essential resources with planning phase to the scheduling phase.
PERT/CPM technique may supports to identify the appropriate deficiencies, include the
approximation that has made when estimating the variance of multiple activities (Vovchenko and
Sichev, 2017). Therefore, the overall project will be completed within specific time intervals. It
allows to begin until all possible activities are finished in properly.
Comparison of result or outcome of initial planned resources, timescale and cost with proper
outcome.
As comparison between the result, outcome of initial planned resources, cost and timescale.
Therefore, it can be determined the essential resource which require in the project related project
management software, human resources. In order to define the accurate scope, time duration in
project.
Concrete Constructions project plan
Initial plan Final plan
Resources  Hardware
 raw materials
 equipment’s
 Hardware
 raw materials
 equipment’s
12

 12-18 workforce  14-19 workforce
Time scale 3-month 6-month
Cost $12,0000 $15,0000
In above discussion, it may differ the cost/ price of project which require to provide the
better solution. Afterwards, it can identify the suitable result or outcome. (Vovchenko and
Sichev, 2017).
TASK 4
Produce the report of project stating with each stage of processes.
In this project, it should be considered the different stages for performing the various tasks
effectively and efficiently.
1. Project introduction: In this process, it is mainly focused on examine the topic of project
that involved “aim” and “Objective”. This will help for examining the current situation of
concrete project where how to implement an effective strategies for reducing use of
cement within concrete constructions project (Vovchenko and Sichev, 2017). It is initial
step that help for gathering lot of information related the project.
2. Setting project scope: It is another important step that help for identifying the project
scope. In order to estimate the overall budget of project. Furthermore, it may use the
time-duration which requires for performing the task in step by step manner. In this way,
it is an essential for setting the project scope.
3. Data collection: It is another important method or technique, which is mainly used for
collecting or gathering information. It may include various resources, equipment’s and
other essential instruments. In this way, it is gaining the more knowledge. Secondary data
collected in the form of literature review so that it can easily understanding the project
effectively and efficiently.
4. Data analysis: it is defined as a process of cleaning, transforming and modelling the data
or information. In order to discover the useful information in decision-making. It
applicable in the project for analysing to extract useful information. Furthermore, it uses
analytical as well as logical reasoning to gain more data.
5. Action taken: It can be performed the appropriate action which always supports for
identifying the accurate result or outcome (Vovchenko and Sichev, 2017). Action in
13

related to reduce significant threat within project. in order to maintain and control the
overall performance in proper manner. Sometimes, it is an essential thing to use various
stages.
 Gaining more knowledge about the project
 Identifying an appropriate strategies
 Implement the management to reduce the complex situation within project
 Monitor and control the activities.
These are considered the different actions which always supports to contribute into overall
project performance. It help for generating better result or outcome.
Representing the final project result or outcome that recommendation to select an appropriate
audience.
The finding of this “concrete construction” project that are expected to contribute towards
more effective management process.
The identification of solution through technique which help for examining the correct result
or outcome. It is an essential for achieving the goal and objective of construction project. In this
way, it is set of various recommendation to “Sigma Construction” Company.
 There are various project site engineer identified the lack of theoretical knowledge. It
would be required to suggest the training within Construction Company. Training is
expected to improve the own knowledge of project (Vovchenko and Sichev, 2017). It
provide the better safeguarding the project through project management plan. It has
recommended, directing to “Sigma company” management because project manager is
responsible for staff member. The construction project needs to organise the better
opportunities for increasing the level of awareness.
 Various staff member involvement in the project phases, it has recommends to ensure the
participation throughout the project life cycle. Sometimes, it has been given the better
suggestion for designing the bid-build contracts, which give the better technical solution
in the construction project.
CONCLUSION
From above discussion, it concluded that project management plan is based on the process
which help for designing “Concrete construction” project while reducing use of cement. In this
project, it applicable the appropriate strategies that help for identifying success or failure of
14

project. Furthermore, it also identified the opportunities or threat within concrete constructions
project due to the lack of durability, strong bonding between elements. The documentation has
describing the various PERT, Gantt chart and CPM for scheduling the different activities.
It has been summarised about the project identification, research methods, and feasibility
studies which providing the brief idea the entire project. it can be identified the essential
resources, costs and time involved. However, it also implementing the multiple techniques to
generate the better solution in order to reduce use of cement in project.
15

REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Chihuri, S. and Pretorius, L., 2010. Managing risk for success in a South African engineering
and construction project environment. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering.
21(2). pp.63-78.
Guinness, P., 2018. Managing Risk in Uncertain Times. Ethnos. pp.1-12.
Motaleb, O.H., 2017. A model of risk response development for managing delays in construction
projects. International Journal of Project Organisation and Management. 9(2). pp.133-
153.
Sánchez-Silva, M., 2019. Managing infrastructure systems through changeability. Journal of
Infrastructure Systems. 25(1). p.04018040.
Shahtaheri, Y., Rausch, C. and Nahangi, M., 2017. Managing risk in modular construction using
dimensional and geometric tolerance strategies. Automation in construction. 83. pp.303-
315.
Sutrisna, M. and Goulding, J., 2019. Managing information flow and design processes to reduce
design risks in offsite construction projects. Engineering, construction and architectural
management.
Turac, J., 2020. Risks with construction project risk management: An insight into how
professionals within the construction industry manage risk.
Vovchenko, N.G. and Sichev, R., 2017. Ensuring financial stability of companies on the basis of
international experience in construction of risks maps, internal control and audit.
16

17