Managing a Successful Business Project: Key Stages, Factors, and Research Methods
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This article discusses the key stages of project life cycle, factors to consider in project management plan, and research methods for managing a successful business project. The case study is based on The Cooperative Group and their project of introducing self-checkout systems in their stores. The article covers the aim, objectives, deliverables, quality, risk, communication resources, and research methods for the project management plan.
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MANAGING A
SUCCESSFUL
BUSINESS PROJECT
Topic
SUCCESSFUL
BUSINESS PROJECT
Topic
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1: Key stages of the project life cycle considered in project management.............................1
Stages of the project life cycle (PLC) and their importance to the success of a project........2
Examine the factors to be considered when compiling a project management plan (PMP). .3
Task 2: Project Management Plan (PMP) for a business.................................................................4
PMP covering, aim, objectives, deliverables, quality, risk, communication resources and
research methods....................................................................................................................4
Range of research methods and strategies and their importance to project management....10
Conduct a business project as stated within the PMP and communicate findings...............10
Present data to draw valid and meaningful conclusions and recommendations from data
analysis.................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................19
References:.....................................................................................................................................20
Appendix........................................................................................................................................22
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1: Key stages of the project life cycle considered in project management.............................1
Stages of the project life cycle (PLC) and their importance to the success of a project........2
Examine the factors to be considered when compiling a project management plan (PMP). .3
Task 2: Project Management Plan (PMP) for a business.................................................................4
PMP covering, aim, objectives, deliverables, quality, risk, communication resources and
research methods....................................................................................................................4
Range of research methods and strategies and their importance to project management....10
Conduct a business project as stated within the PMP and communicate findings...............10
Present data to draw valid and meaningful conclusions and recommendations from data
analysis.................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................19
References:.....................................................................................................................................20
Appendix........................................................................................................................................22
INTRODUCTION
Business management is referred is the administration of the organization and
coordination of the business activities. It basically consists of the functions such planning,
organising, staffing, directing and controlling in order to meet the stated objectives of the
business (Pettinger, 2020). The following discussion is based on the retail industry, it includes
organizations who sells the products and services to the customers directly containing the food,
groceries, clothing, financial services and many more. The organization chosen is The Co-
operative Group. It is one of the leading international retail company headquartered in United
Kingdom and established in 1844. It includes the various retail businesses such as food,
wholesale, e-pharmacy, insurance services, legal services and funeral care. The current
discussion is based on the small project management that must be introduced in The Co-
operative Group. Developing the Self-checkout systems in The Co-operative stores is the project
management idea within organization. The below information covers the project management
life cycle, factor, importance, research methods, work breakdown structure, Gantt chart, primary
and secondary research with proper conclusion.
Task 1: Key stages of the project life cycle considered in project management
A. Define project management: Project management plan is a formal document which
defines all the activities to the research and the manner in which the project can be
executed and monitored (Young, 2016). Project management plan helps in executing all
the processes and executing the same in managed manner.
B. Explain what is meant by project life cycle: The project management life cycle is a
consider as a step by step process or method of best activities used for the purpose of
reverend a project from its starting to its end (Ma and et. al, 2018). Basically, it provide a
project manager a organized manner in order to create, execute and finish the project. The
entire team of project have a single goal i.e. to carry out the work of the project so that
the purpose of project can be meet (Lock, 2020).
1
Business management is referred is the administration of the organization and
coordination of the business activities. It basically consists of the functions such planning,
organising, staffing, directing and controlling in order to meet the stated objectives of the
business (Pettinger, 2020). The following discussion is based on the retail industry, it includes
organizations who sells the products and services to the customers directly containing the food,
groceries, clothing, financial services and many more. The organization chosen is The Co-
operative Group. It is one of the leading international retail company headquartered in United
Kingdom and established in 1844. It includes the various retail businesses such as food,
wholesale, e-pharmacy, insurance services, legal services and funeral care. The current
discussion is based on the small project management that must be introduced in The Co-
operative Group. Developing the Self-checkout systems in The Co-operative stores is the project
management idea within organization. The below information covers the project management
life cycle, factor, importance, research methods, work breakdown structure, Gantt chart, primary
and secondary research with proper conclusion.
Task 1: Key stages of the project life cycle considered in project management
A. Define project management: Project management plan is a formal document which
defines all the activities to the research and the manner in which the project can be
executed and monitored (Young, 2016). Project management plan helps in executing all
the processes and executing the same in managed manner.
B. Explain what is meant by project life cycle: The project management life cycle is a
consider as a step by step process or method of best activities used for the purpose of
reverend a project from its starting to its end (Ma and et. al, 2018). Basically, it provide a
project manager a organized manner in order to create, execute and finish the project. The
entire team of project have a single goal i.e. to carry out the work of the project so that
the purpose of project can be meet (Lock, 2020).
1
Stages of the project life cycle (PLC) and their importance to the success of a project
Below mentioned are the several stages which Cooperative group have to follow while
introducing self-checkout systems in their stores:
Initiation: It is the first phase of project life cycle under which the needs or objectives
of project have been analysed. At this stage, the Cooperative Group decide their
objective of project which include the introduction of self-checkout systems at their
stores. After the recommended solution get approval, the project is started for
delivering the accurate solution and a project manager has been hired. Once the entire
project get approval from the project manager, it move to the stage of planning.
Planning: This phase of project life cycle include the entire planning of bringing self-
checkout systems at the stores of Corporative Group. Basically, it include setting the
budget along with estimating the time duration, building milestones, performing risk
analysis, defining tasks & responsibilities and many more.
Execution: At this level, project plan of self-checkout systems comes in the motion and
work related to project have been started. The systems are placed at the stores of
Corporation Group.
Closing Phase: It is the last phase in the project life cycle under which the success of
project have been evaluated. It also analyse the performance of entire team. It has been
analysed whether the self-checkout systems are performing well or not.
It is necessary for the project team to get success as this project involve high efforts such
as time and cost (Lock, 2021). The success of this project introduce a new technology in the
stores of Corporative Group which also result in the attraction of customers. The success of this
project also result in the saving of cost and time of employees at stores. Project life cycle
establish a proper approach for delivering the project. It also provide a entire framework which
describe the roles and responsibilities of team members and make develop effective
communication among all of them.
Examine the factors to be considered when compiling a project management plan (PMP)
Project management plan implies a proper plan related to the project which include the
time frame, budgeting an many more. Hence, it has been found as necessary to consider some
2
Below mentioned are the several stages which Cooperative group have to follow while
introducing self-checkout systems in their stores:
Initiation: It is the first phase of project life cycle under which the needs or objectives
of project have been analysed. At this stage, the Cooperative Group decide their
objective of project which include the introduction of self-checkout systems at their
stores. After the recommended solution get approval, the project is started for
delivering the accurate solution and a project manager has been hired. Once the entire
project get approval from the project manager, it move to the stage of planning.
Planning: This phase of project life cycle include the entire planning of bringing self-
checkout systems at the stores of Corporative Group. Basically, it include setting the
budget along with estimating the time duration, building milestones, performing risk
analysis, defining tasks & responsibilities and many more.
Execution: At this level, project plan of self-checkout systems comes in the motion and
work related to project have been started. The systems are placed at the stores of
Corporation Group.
Closing Phase: It is the last phase in the project life cycle under which the success of
project have been evaluated. It also analyse the performance of entire team. It has been
analysed whether the self-checkout systems are performing well or not.
It is necessary for the project team to get success as this project involve high efforts such
as time and cost (Lock, 2021). The success of this project introduce a new technology in the
stores of Corporative Group which also result in the attraction of customers. The success of this
project also result in the saving of cost and time of employees at stores. Project life cycle
establish a proper approach for delivering the project. It also provide a entire framework which
describe the roles and responsibilities of team members and make develop effective
communication among all of them.
Examine the factors to be considered when compiling a project management plan (PMP)
Project management plan implies a proper plan related to the project which include the
time frame, budgeting an many more. Hence, it has been found as necessary to consider some
2
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things while performing the function of planning (Nicholas and Steyn, 2020). Below mentioned
are the several factors which are required to be considered when preparing a project management
plan: Project requirement: The process of managing the work in a project comes under
project requirements. Majorly, it include communication management, quality
assurance, scope management, project cost management, resource management and risk
management. It basically describe the entire process that how the things get done, who
will complete theses things, when the work is going to complete and many more.
Product requirements: It include the features or characteristics which are required
commit delivering by the project team to the client. The project team have to consider
the features of self-checkout system to complete the project for Corporative Group.
The project team is required to consider the above mentioned factors while performing the
function of project management plan. Consideration of these factors in planning help the project
team in delivering the best and correct project with sufficient features and development (Kerzner,
2019). In the context of Corporate group, it is required to prepare a clear project plan so that the
team can work according to the plan which will also result in saving the cost and time and
completing the task of developing project in an effective and efficient manner.
The current project management needs to meet such objectives so that the customers can have
the less personal interaction with the staff and other shoppers. This helps in sorted transactions
without facing any problems and low contact with the other people (Chofreh, Goni, Malik and
Klemeš, 2019).
Deliverables: Self-checkout is itself the deliverable which are not only for the sake of
customers but also the for the organizations. This is because it reduces the complications in
transactions from the customer view point and also reducing the extra staff cost from the
organization view point (Maley, 2019).
Quality: Initial development of self-checkout systems will be qualitative in nature due to
the iterative bugs testing and rectification of it. Further quality can be maintained by updating the
features of the system and installing the advanced security system on a frequent basis (Badiru,
2019).
3
are the several factors which are required to be considered when preparing a project management
plan: Project requirement: The process of managing the work in a project comes under
project requirements. Majorly, it include communication management, quality
assurance, scope management, project cost management, resource management and risk
management. It basically describe the entire process that how the things get done, who
will complete theses things, when the work is going to complete and many more.
Product requirements: It include the features or characteristics which are required
commit delivering by the project team to the client. The project team have to consider
the features of self-checkout system to complete the project for Corporative Group.
The project team is required to consider the above mentioned factors while performing the
function of project management plan. Consideration of these factors in planning help the project
team in delivering the best and correct project with sufficient features and development (Kerzner,
2019). In the context of Corporate group, it is required to prepare a clear project plan so that the
team can work according to the plan which will also result in saving the cost and time and
completing the task of developing project in an effective and efficient manner.
The current project management needs to meet such objectives so that the customers can have
the less personal interaction with the staff and other shoppers. This helps in sorted transactions
without facing any problems and low contact with the other people (Chofreh, Goni, Malik and
Klemeš, 2019).
Deliverables: Self-checkout is itself the deliverable which are not only for the sake of
customers but also the for the organizations. This is because it reduces the complications in
transactions from the customer view point and also reducing the extra staff cost from the
organization view point (Maley, 2019).
Quality: Initial development of self-checkout systems will be qualitative in nature due to
the iterative bugs testing and rectification of it. Further quality can be maintained by updating the
features of the system and installing the advanced security system on a frequent basis (Badiru,
2019).
3
Risk: Risks identified are such that the organization cannot trust the system completely
without any manual monitoring by any human staff. This is because it can result in insecure
transactions due to any technical glitch in the system so therefore it must be mitigated by at least
employing one staff to monitor the system and for the assistance to the customers (Rolstadås and
Johansen, 2021).
Communication resources: Platforms used for the communication in the current project
management are the electronic mails, conferences and circulars in order to pass on the relevant
information among the staff and the technical team to be alert if any problems raises while
developing and using of the systems. To communicate with the customers, proper guidelines
poster will be stuck at the billing area which will contain the instructions to use the self-checkout
system with the tutorial video as well (Buganová and Šimíčková, 2019).
Task 2: Project Management Plan (PMP) for a business
PMP covering, aim, objectives, deliverables, quality, risk, communication resources and research
methods
Project Management Plan: It is defined as the formal document which describes the
ways in the manner the current project will be carried out. It helps in initiating and implementing
the project in the systematic and sequential manner with optimum utilization of resources. It
essential to formulate the plan for project management in order to helps keeping the project on
track throughout the entire process of project management (Layton, Ostermiller and Kynaston,
2020).
Aim:
The aim of this project is to investigate how a major event such as covid-19 has affected the
work environment in Co-operative Group
Objectives
1. To examine how COVID 19 has impacted on the business operations in Co-operative
Group.
2. To analyse if the changes made in the working conditions made in Co-operative Group
has a positive or negative impact on staff morale.
4
without any manual monitoring by any human staff. This is because it can result in insecure
transactions due to any technical glitch in the system so therefore it must be mitigated by at least
employing one staff to monitor the system and for the assistance to the customers (Rolstadås and
Johansen, 2021).
Communication resources: Platforms used for the communication in the current project
management are the electronic mails, conferences and circulars in order to pass on the relevant
information among the staff and the technical team to be alert if any problems raises while
developing and using of the systems. To communicate with the customers, proper guidelines
poster will be stuck at the billing area which will contain the instructions to use the self-checkout
system with the tutorial video as well (Buganová and Šimíčková, 2019).
Task 2: Project Management Plan (PMP) for a business
PMP covering, aim, objectives, deliverables, quality, risk, communication resources and research
methods
Project Management Plan: It is defined as the formal document which describes the
ways in the manner the current project will be carried out. It helps in initiating and implementing
the project in the systematic and sequential manner with optimum utilization of resources. It
essential to formulate the plan for project management in order to helps keeping the project on
track throughout the entire process of project management (Layton, Ostermiller and Kynaston,
2020).
Aim:
The aim of this project is to investigate how a major event such as covid-19 has affected the
work environment in Co-operative Group
Objectives
1. To examine how COVID 19 has impacted on the business operations in Co-operative
Group.
2. To analyse if the changes made in the working conditions made in Co-operative Group
has a positive or negative impact on staff morale.
4
3. To assess if the transformation made in Co-operative Group has given them a better
competitive advantage.
4. To analyse how the transformation made in the business operation has affected staff turn-
over Co-operative Group.
Research Questions:
1. Could the changes have made in the shop layout in Co-operative Group affect customers
way of shopping?
2. How do staff feel about changes made with the working conditions during the COVID -
19 in Co-operative Group?
3. Was there any significant changes with the amount of sales done during the
transformation process in the company.
4. Did changes have a motivational or demotivation factor on the way staff are providing
services to customers?
Literature Review:
Could the changes have made in the shop layout in Co-operative Group affect customers
way of shopping?
According to Terkaj and et. al., (2019), shop layout is defined as the design of store and
its floor space in which items within store are placed. Store layout helps in influencing
customer's behaviour so that their way of shopping can be affected in positive manner (Boros
and et. al., 2016). In order to affect customer buying decision organisation is required to manage
their store layout in such a way that it lead to attract higher customer base (Yang, Xu and Wang,
2019). Using strategic management of store customer can be influenced and at the same time
customer experience can also be developed.
How do staff feel about changes made with the working conditions during the COVID -19
in Co-operative Group?
According to the perception of staff are not happy with the changes made in the working
condition during the situation of Covid-19 (Elbers, 2016). This is observed that due to covid
5
competitive advantage.
4. To analyse how the transformation made in the business operation has affected staff turn-
over Co-operative Group.
Research Questions:
1. Could the changes have made in the shop layout in Co-operative Group affect customers
way of shopping?
2. How do staff feel about changes made with the working conditions during the COVID -
19 in Co-operative Group?
3. Was there any significant changes with the amount of sales done during the
transformation process in the company.
4. Did changes have a motivational or demotivation factor on the way staff are providing
services to customers?
Literature Review:
Could the changes have made in the shop layout in Co-operative Group affect customers
way of shopping?
According to Terkaj and et. al., (2019), shop layout is defined as the design of store and
its floor space in which items within store are placed. Store layout helps in influencing
customer's behaviour so that their way of shopping can be affected in positive manner (Boros
and et. al., 2016). In order to affect customer buying decision organisation is required to manage
their store layout in such a way that it lead to attract higher customer base (Yang, Xu and Wang,
2019). Using strategic management of store customer can be influenced and at the same time
customer experience can also be developed.
How do staff feel about changes made with the working conditions during the COVID -19
in Co-operative Group?
According to the perception of staff are not happy with the changes made in the working
condition during the situation of Covid-19 (Elbers, 2016). This is observed that due to covid
5
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several changes are made by the organisation in their working aspects and due to inclusions of
several aspects employee face difficulties in managing such aspects and managing business
functions as well (Scheidel, 2020). In order to embrace such changes the business is required to
create positive environment so that appropriate communication can be rendered and at the same
time optimistic situation can also be created (Batty, 2020).
Was there any significant changes with the amount of sales done during the transformation
process in the company.
According to Grover and et. al (2018) transformation process is defined as such procedure which
undertake various activities and inputs so that to add value to the organisation and to change
customer perception as well. Under this conversion of various processes take place and this
could be related with design, flow or implementation of different process (Priyono, Moin and
Putri, 2020). . This is observed that using such process sales in enhanced within the organisation
and in the same manner significant changes can be seen into the business.
Did changes have a motivational or demotivation factor on the way staff are providing
services to customers?
According to Antikainen and Valkokari, (2016), Changes are introduced within the
business for the major objective of enhancing organisational performance and to cater customers
in appropriate manner. With the help of changes motivation can be rendered to employee in
which they can work in effective manner. This is the reason that transformation is one of the
considerate method which leads into gaining various business insight.
Research Strategy/Methodology:
Range of research methods and strategies and their importance to project management
The range of research method have been identified by the two methods of research
which include primary method and secondary method. Primary method include the research
method under which the fresh informations has been collected by the use of several methods. On
the other hand, secondary method include the use of already used informations. Under this
method, the informations from the newspapers, magazines, internet are used for the project
6
several aspects employee face difficulties in managing such aspects and managing business
functions as well (Scheidel, 2020). In order to embrace such changes the business is required to
create positive environment so that appropriate communication can be rendered and at the same
time optimistic situation can also be created (Batty, 2020).
Was there any significant changes with the amount of sales done during the transformation
process in the company.
According to Grover and et. al (2018) transformation process is defined as such procedure which
undertake various activities and inputs so that to add value to the organisation and to change
customer perception as well. Under this conversion of various processes take place and this
could be related with design, flow or implementation of different process (Priyono, Moin and
Putri, 2020). . This is observed that using such process sales in enhanced within the organisation
and in the same manner significant changes can be seen into the business.
Did changes have a motivational or demotivation factor on the way staff are providing
services to customers?
According to Antikainen and Valkokari, (2016), Changes are introduced within the
business for the major objective of enhancing organisational performance and to cater customers
in appropriate manner. With the help of changes motivation can be rendered to employee in
which they can work in effective manner. This is the reason that transformation is one of the
considerate method which leads into gaining various business insight.
Research Strategy/Methodology:
Range of research methods and strategies and their importance to project management
The range of research method have been identified by the two methods of research
which include primary method and secondary method. Primary method include the research
method under which the fresh informations has been collected by the use of several methods. On
the other hand, secondary method include the use of already used informations. Under this
method, the informations from the newspapers, magazines, internet are used for the project
6
management (Müller, Drouin and Sankaran, 2019). There are various research strategies under
the project management which include qualitative research strategy and quantitative research
strategy. Qualitative research strategy is consider as the method or procedure of observations to
collect the non-numerical data. Whereas the quantitative research strategy is defined as the
research which involve the collection of numerical data which is available in the form of surveys
or by the use of any secondary sources which are mentioned above. These strategies are
important in project management as it help in using all the data and informations which are
collected by several sources. These informations are being used by the project management team
in analysing the accurate requirement of clients. By these informations, the project management
can develop the project and make in such a way so that all the requirements can be fulfilled
(Rowe, 2020).
Research methods: Primary and secondary research both are undertaken in the form surveys
and questionnaire and also by referring books and articles for that authentic and relevant
information can be referenced. Moreover, both qualitative and quantitative research are
undertaken in the form of theory based on case study and data analysis based on questionnaire.
Number of respondents or sampling size are 50 (Svejvig, 2021).
Gantt Chart
Start Date 17/
01/
22
18/
01/
22
24/
01/
22
26/
01/
22
28/
01/
22
29/
01/
22
30/
01/
22
02/
02/
22
04/
02/
22
05/
02/
22
10/
02/
22
Establishing the aim and the
objectives of the research
project
On
e
da
y
Choosing the company and
deciding on the research
topic
Six
da
ys
Formulation of the
introduction
On
e
da
7
the project management which include qualitative research strategy and quantitative research
strategy. Qualitative research strategy is consider as the method or procedure of observations to
collect the non-numerical data. Whereas the quantitative research strategy is defined as the
research which involve the collection of numerical data which is available in the form of surveys
or by the use of any secondary sources which are mentioned above. These strategies are
important in project management as it help in using all the data and informations which are
collected by several sources. These informations are being used by the project management team
in analysing the accurate requirement of clients. By these informations, the project management
can develop the project and make in such a way so that all the requirements can be fulfilled
(Rowe, 2020).
Research methods: Primary and secondary research both are undertaken in the form surveys
and questionnaire and also by referring books and articles for that authentic and relevant
information can be referenced. Moreover, both qualitative and quantitative research are
undertaken in the form of theory based on case study and data analysis based on questionnaire.
Number of respondents or sampling size are 50 (Svejvig, 2021).
Gantt Chart
Start Date 17/
01/
22
18/
01/
22
24/
01/
22
26/
01/
22
28/
01/
22
29/
01/
22
30/
01/
22
02/
02/
22
04/
02/
22
05/
02/
22
10/
02/
22
Establishing the aim and the
objectives of the research
project
On
e
da
y
Choosing the company and
deciding on the research
topic
Six
da
ys
Formulation of the
introduction
On
e
da
7
y
Identifying the aim, objectives
and research questions
On
e
da
y
Formulating and sending the
consent letter to the company
Tw
o
da
ys
Receiving the approved
consent letter from the
company
On
e
da
y
Literature review Te
n
da
ys
Analysing and interpreting
the data collected from the
respondents
Tw
o
we
eks
Conclusion and
recommendations
Tw
o
da
ys
Reflection Thr
ee
da
ys
Final submission On
8
Identifying the aim, objectives
and research questions
On
e
da
y
Formulating and sending the
consent letter to the company
Tw
o
da
ys
Receiving the approved
consent letter from the
company
On
e
da
y
Literature review Te
n
da
ys
Analysing and interpreting
the data collected from the
respondents
Tw
o
we
eks
Conclusion and
recommendations
Tw
o
da
ys
Reflection Thr
ee
da
ys
Final submission On
8
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e
da
y
Work breakdown structure and a schedule to provide time frames and stages for
completion
Work breakdown structure (WBS)
Task Start date Duration End Date
Aims and Objectives 1
Introduction 1
Consent Letter 1
Gantt Chart 2
Questionnaire 5
Methodology 1
Project Management Plan 4
Literature Review 9
Reference List 10
Presentation 4
Data Analysis 2
Recommendations 2
Personal Reflection 2
Conclusion 1
Closure 1
9
da
y
Work breakdown structure and a schedule to provide time frames and stages for
completion
Work breakdown structure (WBS)
Task Start date Duration End Date
Aims and Objectives 1
Introduction 1
Consent Letter 1
Gantt Chart 2
Questionnaire 5
Methodology 1
Project Management Plan 4
Literature Review 9
Reference List 10
Presentation 4
Data Analysis 2
Recommendations 2
Personal Reflection 2
Conclusion 1
Closure 1
9
Range of research methods and strategies and their importance to project management
The range of research method have been identified by the two methods of research which
include primary method and secondary method. Primary method includes the research method
under which the fresh information has been collected by the use of several methods. On the other
hand, secondary method includes the use of already used information. Under this method, the
information from the newspapers, magazines, internet are used for the project management
(Müller, Drouin and Sankaran, 2019). There are various research strategies under the project
management which include qualitative research strategy and quantitative research strategy.
Qualitative research strategy is considering as the method or procedure of observations to collect
the non-numerical data. Whereas the quantitative research strategy is defined as the research
which involve the collection of numerical data which is available in the form of surveys or by
the use of any secondary sources which are mentioned above. These strategies are important in
project management as it help in using all the data and information which are collected by
several sources. These informations are being used by the project management team in analysing
the accurate requirement of clients. By these informations, the project management can develop
the project and make in such a way so that all the requirements can be fulfilled (Rowe, 2020).
Ethical consideration: Under the current research various ethical aspects are added so that to
manage the research in appropriate manner. Ethical consideration such as confidentially, moral
and fairness are selected so that to manage the research in ethical manner.
Task 3
Conduct a business project as stated within the PMP and communicate findings
Questionnaire and frequency table
According to you, is it relevant to undertake the market
research and collect the information regarding viewpoints of
customers in context with the self-checkout system?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 15
c. May Be 10
10
The range of research method have been identified by the two methods of research which
include primary method and secondary method. Primary method includes the research method
under which the fresh information has been collected by the use of several methods. On the other
hand, secondary method includes the use of already used information. Under this method, the
information from the newspapers, magazines, internet are used for the project management
(Müller, Drouin and Sankaran, 2019). There are various research strategies under the project
management which include qualitative research strategy and quantitative research strategy.
Qualitative research strategy is considering as the method or procedure of observations to collect
the non-numerical data. Whereas the quantitative research strategy is defined as the research
which involve the collection of numerical data which is available in the form of surveys or by
the use of any secondary sources which are mentioned above. These strategies are important in
project management as it help in using all the data and information which are collected by
several sources. These informations are being used by the project management team in analysing
the accurate requirement of clients. By these informations, the project management can develop
the project and make in such a way so that all the requirements can be fulfilled (Rowe, 2020).
Ethical consideration: Under the current research various ethical aspects are added so that to
manage the research in appropriate manner. Ethical consideration such as confidentially, moral
and fairness are selected so that to manage the research in ethical manner.
Task 3
Conduct a business project as stated within the PMP and communicate findings
Questionnaire and frequency table
According to you, is it relevant to undertake the market
research and collect the information regarding viewpoints of
customers in context with the self-checkout system?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 15
c. May Be 10
10
What type of market research and information will be most
appropriate to focus or not while conducting the market
research?
Frequency
a. Branding and customer Research 10
b. Competitor and product Research 15
c. All of the above 25
Do you understand the concept of self-checkout system and its
importance in the stores?
Frequency
a. Yes 15
b. No 10
c. May Be 25
According to you, what can be the benefits of self-checkout
system to the customers and organisation.
Frequency
a. Speed and accuracy 10
b. Time and cost efficient 25
c. All of the above 15
According to you, frequent maintenance is necessary for the
self-checkout systems?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 10
c. May Be 15
What type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-
checkout system?
Frequency
a. New features 15
b. Safety and security 25
c. All of the above 10
11
appropriate to focus or not while conducting the market
research?
Frequency
a. Branding and customer Research 10
b. Competitor and product Research 15
c. All of the above 25
Do you understand the concept of self-checkout system and its
importance in the stores?
Frequency
a. Yes 15
b. No 10
c. May Be 25
According to you, what can be the benefits of self-checkout
system to the customers and organisation.
Frequency
a. Speed and accuracy 10
b. Time and cost efficient 25
c. All of the above 15
According to you, frequent maintenance is necessary for the
self-checkout systems?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 10
c. May Be 15
What type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-
checkout system?
Frequency
a. New features 15
b. Safety and security 25
c. All of the above 10
11
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Present data to draw valid and meaningful conclusions and recommendations from data analysis
Data analysis and interpretation
1. According to you, is it relevant to undertake the market research
and collect the information regarding viewpoints of customers in
context with the self-checkout system?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 15
c. May Be 10
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 25 respondents who are saying that it is relevant
to undertake the market research and collect the information regarding viewpoints of customers
in context with the self-checkout system. 15 are saying it is not relevant and 10 are confused it.
2. What type of market research and information will be most
appropriate to focus or not while conducting the market research?
Frequency
a. Branding and customer Research 10
b. Competitor and product Research 15
12
Data analysis and interpretation
1. According to you, is it relevant to undertake the market research
and collect the information regarding viewpoints of customers in
context with the self-checkout system?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 15
c. May Be 10
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 25 respondents who are saying that it is relevant
to undertake the market research and collect the information regarding viewpoints of customers
in context with the self-checkout system. 15 are saying it is not relevant and 10 are confused it.
2. What type of market research and information will be most
appropriate to focus or not while conducting the market research?
Frequency
a. Branding and customer Research 10
b. Competitor and product Research 15
12
c. All of the above 25
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 10 respondents who are saying that branding and
customer research is the most appropriate to focus while conducting market research. 15 are
saying it is competitor and product research and 25 are saying both of them.
3. Do you understand the concept of self-checkout system and its
importance in the stores?
Frequency
a. Yes 15
b. No 10
c. May Be 25
13
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 10 respondents who are saying that branding and
customer research is the most appropriate to focus while conducting market research. 15 are
saying it is competitor and product research and 25 are saying both of them.
3. Do you understand the concept of self-checkout system and its
importance in the stores?
Frequency
a. Yes 15
b. No 10
c. May Be 25
13
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 15 respondents who are saying that they
understand the concept of self-checkout system and its importance in the stores. 10 are saying
that they don't understand such concept and 25 are confused it.
4. According to you, what can be the benefits of self-checkout system to
the customers and organisation.
Frequency
a. Speed and accuracy 10
b. Time and cost efficient 25
c. All of the above 15
14
understand the concept of self-checkout system and its importance in the stores. 10 are saying
that they don't understand such concept and 25 are confused it.
4. According to you, what can be the benefits of self-checkout system to
the customers and organisation.
Frequency
a. Speed and accuracy 10
b. Time and cost efficient 25
c. All of the above 15
14
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Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 10 respondents who are saying that speed and
accuracy are the benefits of self-checkout system to the customers and organisation. 25 are
saying time and cost efficient and 15 are saying both of them.
5. According to you, frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-
checkout systems?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 10
c. May Be 15
15
accuracy are the benefits of self-checkout system to the customers and organisation. 25 are
saying time and cost efficient and 15 are saying both of them.
5. According to you, frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-
checkout systems?
Frequency
a. Yes 25
b. No 10
c. May Be 15
15
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 25 respondents who are saying that frequent
maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems. 10 are saying that it is not necessary
and 15 are confused it.
6. What type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-
checkout system?
Frequency
a. New features 15
b. Safety and security 25
c. All of the above 10
16
maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems. 10 are saying that it is not necessary
and 15 are confused it.
6. What type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-
checkout system?
Frequency
a. New features 15
b. Safety and security 25
c. All of the above 10
16
Interpretation: It is interpreted that there are 15 respondents who are saying that new features
type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-checkout system. 25 are saying safety
and security and 10 are saying both of them.
Conclusion
It is concluded that questionnaire used in order to analyse and interpret the data collected
in the survey is important for developing the self-checkout system. This is because this helps in
the examination of different view points so that decision making can be done in a strategic
manner for the successful accomplishment of the current project and also for the better future
considerations in order to improve the techniques. Therefore, several questions were formed so
that the determination can be done accordingly and the answers can be assessed and evaluated so
that proper and an accurate justification with evidence based can be drawn out. Three options
were given of each of the six questions framed so that the respondent can choose or select the
most appropriate one as per their understanding of the project management. It is important to
analyse the relevancy to undertake the market research and collect the information regarding
viewpoints of customers in context with the self-checkout system. It is essential to examine the
type of market research and information will be most appropriate to focus or not while
conducting the market research. It is necessary to determine the understanding of the concept of
self-checkout system and its importance in the stores. It is significant to gain the knowledge
about the benefits of self-checkout system to the customers and organisation. It is vital to assess
the frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems. It is imperative to evaluate
17
type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-checkout system. 25 are saying safety
and security and 10 are saying both of them.
Conclusion
It is concluded that questionnaire used in order to analyse and interpret the data collected
in the survey is important for developing the self-checkout system. This is because this helps in
the examination of different view points so that decision making can be done in a strategic
manner for the successful accomplishment of the current project and also for the better future
considerations in order to improve the techniques. Therefore, several questions were formed so
that the determination can be done accordingly and the answers can be assessed and evaluated so
that proper and an accurate justification with evidence based can be drawn out. Three options
were given of each of the six questions framed so that the respondent can choose or select the
most appropriate one as per their understanding of the project management. It is important to
analyse the relevancy to undertake the market research and collect the information regarding
viewpoints of customers in context with the self-checkout system. It is essential to examine the
type of market research and information will be most appropriate to focus or not while
conducting the market research. It is necessary to determine the understanding of the concept of
self-checkout system and its importance in the stores. It is significant to gain the knowledge
about the benefits of self-checkout system to the customers and organisation. It is vital to assess
the frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems. It is imperative to evaluate
17
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the type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-checkout system. Hence, the above
questionnaire is based on such questions to better understand respondents opinions.
Recommendations
It is recommended that the organization must create the awareness and understanding of
the relevancy to undertake the market research and collect the information regarding viewpoints
of customers in context with the self-checkout system. It is suggested that organization must
focus on the branding, customer, competitor and product type of market research and
information will be most appropriate to conducting the market research. It is also recommended
that the company must educate their employees in making them understand the concept of self-
checkout system and its importance in the stores. It is also suggested that the firm must target the
major benefits that are speed, accuracy, time and cost efficiency benefits of self-checkout system
to the customers and organisation. It is recommended that the enterprise must specify the
importance of frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems. It is suggested
that the administration must focus on the new feature and safety along with the security type of
improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-checkout system. All these recommendations
and suggestions are based on the questionnaire and survey which was conducted and also on the
respondents or views collected on each of the questions. Such information is analysed and
interpreted to formulate the recommendations (de Rezende and Blackwell, 2019).
Task 4
Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to support
sustainable organisational performance
I have undertaken this project management on the retail sector to develop the self-
checkout system. Objectives of the current project is to conduct the market research and build the
self-checkout system along with the feedback and performance management. The entire project
has clearly met the stated objectives by properly preparing the plan for project management
while conducting primary as well as the secondary research with data analysis and interpretation.
The current project has the value to the retail sector as it helps in reducing the cost of staff and
speeding up the entire process of customer experiences in the stores. Moreover, talking about my
own learning and performance, then I have used my existing skills to accomplish the current
project and has also gained some of the new skills as well while completing the entire project.
18
questionnaire is based on such questions to better understand respondents opinions.
Recommendations
It is recommended that the organization must create the awareness and understanding of
the relevancy to undertake the market research and collect the information regarding viewpoints
of customers in context with the self-checkout system. It is suggested that organization must
focus on the branding, customer, competitor and product type of market research and
information will be most appropriate to conducting the market research. It is also recommended
that the company must educate their employees in making them understand the concept of self-
checkout system and its importance in the stores. It is also suggested that the firm must target the
major benefits that are speed, accuracy, time and cost efficiency benefits of self-checkout system
to the customers and organisation. It is recommended that the enterprise must specify the
importance of frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems. It is suggested
that the administration must focus on the new feature and safety along with the security type of
improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-checkout system. All these recommendations
and suggestions are based on the questionnaire and survey which was conducted and also on the
respondents or views collected on each of the questions. Such information is analysed and
interpreted to formulate the recommendations (de Rezende and Blackwell, 2019).
Task 4
Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to support
sustainable organisational performance
I have undertaken this project management on the retail sector to develop the self-
checkout system. Objectives of the current project is to conduct the market research and build the
self-checkout system along with the feedback and performance management. The entire project
has clearly met the stated objectives by properly preparing the plan for project management
while conducting primary as well as the secondary research with data analysis and interpretation.
The current project has the value to the retail sector as it helps in reducing the cost of staff and
speeding up the entire process of customer experiences in the stores. Moreover, talking about my
own learning and performance, then I have used my existing skills to accomplish the current
project and has also gained some of the new skills as well while completing the entire project.
18
Existing skills used are the research skills and applying the research methodology in the form of
primary and secondary analysis and also the qualitative and quantitative interpretation. New
skills gained are the writing skills and cognitive skills along with the problem solving skills and
analytical skills. Thereby, my performance in conducting the entire research is not bad and not
best but I can rate myself as an average that is the good performance overall as per my best of
my abilities.
CONCLUSION
It is concluded that small business and project management is an important concept to
learn and study so that its applications can be applied in the real world organizations. This is
because it helps in developing the new ideas in order to improve the business strategies and
products offered by the company. This ultimately helps the organizations to expand and grow
and also the customer to render the enhanced services from the firm. Therefore, it is important
and essential to analyse and examine the project management life cycle, factors and importance.
It is necessary and significant to determine and gain the knowledge about research methods,
work breakdown structure and Gantt chart. It is crucial and imperative to assess and evaluate the
communication findings and data analysis. It is vital to reflect on the project management
objectives and performance for better improvement in future. Hence, the above discussion covers
all such areas in order to better understand the conception of small business project management.
19
primary and secondary analysis and also the qualitative and quantitative interpretation. New
skills gained are the writing skills and cognitive skills along with the problem solving skills and
analytical skills. Thereby, my performance in conducting the entire research is not bad and not
best but I can rate myself as an average that is the good performance overall as per my best of
my abilities.
CONCLUSION
It is concluded that small business and project management is an important concept to
learn and study so that its applications can be applied in the real world organizations. This is
because it helps in developing the new ideas in order to improve the business strategies and
products offered by the company. This ultimately helps the organizations to expand and grow
and also the customer to render the enhanced services from the firm. Therefore, it is important
and essential to analyse and examine the project management life cycle, factors and importance.
It is necessary and significant to determine and gain the knowledge about research methods,
work breakdown structure and Gantt chart. It is crucial and imperative to assess and evaluate the
communication findings and data analysis. It is vital to reflect on the project management
objectives and performance for better improvement in future. Hence, the above discussion covers
all such areas in order to better understand the conception of small business project management.
19
References:
Books and Journals
Antikainen, M. and Valkokari, K., 2016. A framework for sustainable circular business model
innovation. Technology Innovation Management Review, 6(7).
Badiru, A.B., 2019. Project management: Systems, principles, and applications. CRC Press.
Batty, M., 2020. The Coronavirus crisis: What will the post-pandemic city look
like?. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 47(4), pp.547-552.
Boros, P., Fehér, O., Lakner, Z., Niroomand, S. and Vizvári, B., 2016. Modeling supermarket re-
layout from the owner’s perspective. Annals of Operations Research, 238(1), pp.27-40.
Buganová, K. and Šimíčková, J., 2019. Risk management in traditional and agile project
management. Transportation Research Procedia, 40, pp.986-993.
Chofreh, A.G., Goni, F.A., Malik, M.N. and Klemeš, J.J., 2019. The imperative and research
directions of sustainable project management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 238,
p.117810.
de Rezende, L.B. and Blackwell, P., 2019. Project management competency
framework. Iberoam. J. Proj. Manag, 10(1), pp.34-59.
Elbers, T., 2016. The effects of in-store layout-and shelf designs on consumer
behavior. Wageningen UR, pp.1-22.
Grover, V., Chiang, R.H., Liang, T.P. and Zhang, D., 2018. Creating strategic business value
from big data analytics: A research framework. Journal of Management Information
Systems, 35(2), pp.388-423.
Kerzner, H., 2019. Using the project management maturity model: strategic planning for project
management. John Wiley & Sons.
Layton, M.C., Ostermiller, S.J. and Kynaston, D.J., 2020. Agile project management for
dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
Lock, D., 2020. The essentials of project management. Routledge.
Lock, D., 2021. Project management.
Ma, X., Xiong, F., Olawumi, T.O., Dong, N. and Chan, A.P., 2018. Conceptual framework and
roadmap approach for integrating BIM into lifecycle project management. Journal of
Management in Engineering, 34(6), p.05018011.
Maley, C.H., 2019. Project management concepts, methods, and techniques. Auerbach
Publications.
Müller, R., Drouin, N. and Sankaran, S., 2019. Modeling organizational project
management. Project Management Journal, 50(4), pp.499-513.
Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2020. Project management for engineering, business and
technology. Routledge.
Pettinger, R., 2020. Introduction to management. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Priyono, A., Moin, A. and Putri, V.N.A.O., 2020. Identifying digital transformation paths in the
business model of SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation:
Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), p.104.
Rolstadås, A. and Johansen, A., 2021. The dawn of a new era for project
management. Sustainability, 13(2), p.695.
Rowe, S.F., 2020. Project management for small projects. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Scheidel, W., 2020. The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future of Economic Inequality. Social
Research: An International Quarterly, 87(2), pp.293-295.
20
Books and Journals
Antikainen, M. and Valkokari, K., 2016. A framework for sustainable circular business model
innovation. Technology Innovation Management Review, 6(7).
Badiru, A.B., 2019. Project management: Systems, principles, and applications. CRC Press.
Batty, M., 2020. The Coronavirus crisis: What will the post-pandemic city look
like?. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 47(4), pp.547-552.
Boros, P., Fehér, O., Lakner, Z., Niroomand, S. and Vizvári, B., 2016. Modeling supermarket re-
layout from the owner’s perspective. Annals of Operations Research, 238(1), pp.27-40.
Buganová, K. and Šimíčková, J., 2019. Risk management in traditional and agile project
management. Transportation Research Procedia, 40, pp.986-993.
Chofreh, A.G., Goni, F.A., Malik, M.N. and Klemeš, J.J., 2019. The imperative and research
directions of sustainable project management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 238,
p.117810.
de Rezende, L.B. and Blackwell, P., 2019. Project management competency
framework. Iberoam. J. Proj. Manag, 10(1), pp.34-59.
Elbers, T., 2016. The effects of in-store layout-and shelf designs on consumer
behavior. Wageningen UR, pp.1-22.
Grover, V., Chiang, R.H., Liang, T.P. and Zhang, D., 2018. Creating strategic business value
from big data analytics: A research framework. Journal of Management Information
Systems, 35(2), pp.388-423.
Kerzner, H., 2019. Using the project management maturity model: strategic planning for project
management. John Wiley & Sons.
Layton, M.C., Ostermiller, S.J. and Kynaston, D.J., 2020. Agile project management for
dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
Lock, D., 2020. The essentials of project management. Routledge.
Lock, D., 2021. Project management.
Ma, X., Xiong, F., Olawumi, T.O., Dong, N. and Chan, A.P., 2018. Conceptual framework and
roadmap approach for integrating BIM into lifecycle project management. Journal of
Management in Engineering, 34(6), p.05018011.
Maley, C.H., 2019. Project management concepts, methods, and techniques. Auerbach
Publications.
Müller, R., Drouin, N. and Sankaran, S., 2019. Modeling organizational project
management. Project Management Journal, 50(4), pp.499-513.
Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2020. Project management for engineering, business and
technology. Routledge.
Pettinger, R., 2020. Introduction to management. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Priyono, A., Moin, A. and Putri, V.N.A.O., 2020. Identifying digital transformation paths in the
business model of SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation:
Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), p.104.
Rolstadås, A. and Johansen, A., 2021. The dawn of a new era for project
management. Sustainability, 13(2), p.695.
Rowe, S.F., 2020. Project management for small projects. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Scheidel, W., 2020. The Coronavirus Pandemic and the Future of Economic Inequality. Social
Research: An International Quarterly, 87(2), pp.293-295.
20
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Svejvig, P., 2021. A Meta-theoretical framework for theory building in project
management. International Journal of Project Management, 39(8), pp.849-872.
Terkaj, W., Gaboardi, P., Trevisan, C., Tolio, T. and Urgo, M., 2019. A digital factory platform
for the design of roll shop plants. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and
Technology, 26, pp.88-93.
Yang, S.L., Xu, Z.G. and Wang, J.Y., 2019. Modelling and production configuration
optimization for an assembly shop. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 18(2),
pp.366-377.
Young, T.L., 2016. Successful project management. Kogan Page Publishers.
21
management. International Journal of Project Management, 39(8), pp.849-872.
Terkaj, W., Gaboardi, P., Trevisan, C., Tolio, T. and Urgo, M., 2019. A digital factory platform
for the design of roll shop plants. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and
Technology, 26, pp.88-93.
Yang, S.L., Xu, Z.G. and Wang, J.Y., 2019. Modelling and production configuration
optimization for an assembly shop. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 18(2),
pp.366-377.
Young, T.L., 2016. Successful project management. Kogan Page Publishers.
21
Appendix
1. According to you, is it relevant to undertake the market research and collect the
information regarding viewpoints of customers in context with the self-checkout system?
a. Yes
b. No
c. May Be
2. What type of market research and information will be most appropriate to focus or not
while conducting the market research?
a. Branding and customer Research
b. Competitor and product Research
c. All of the above
3. Do you understand the concept of self-checkout system and its importance in the stores?
a. Yes
b. No
c. May Be
4. According to you, what can be the benefits of self-checkout system to the customers and
organisation.
a. Speed and accuracy
b. Time and cost efficient
c. All of the above
5. According to you, frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems?
a. Yes
b. No
c. May Be
22
1. According to you, is it relevant to undertake the market research and collect the
information regarding viewpoints of customers in context with the self-checkout system?
a. Yes
b. No
c. May Be
2. What type of market research and information will be most appropriate to focus or not
while conducting the market research?
a. Branding and customer Research
b. Competitor and product Research
c. All of the above
3. Do you understand the concept of self-checkout system and its importance in the stores?
a. Yes
b. No
c. May Be
4. According to you, what can be the benefits of self-checkout system to the customers and
organisation.
a. Speed and accuracy
b. Time and cost efficient
c. All of the above
5. According to you, frequent maintenance is necessary for the self-checkout systems?
a. Yes
b. No
c. May Be
22
6. What type of improvement is necessary for maintenance of self-checkout system?
a. New features
b. Safety and security
c. All of the above
Dear The Co-operative Group,
, and I am studying HND Business programme at London School of Management
Education, London. As part of my course I am required to complete a Research Project
on the theme of ‘Work place transformation’. I would like to conduct my research on The
Co-operative Group. The aim of my research is to find out how Covid -19
transformed the workplace. I am hereby seeking your consent to conduct surveys and
interviews about your company to collect relevant data to support my research
objectives. All information and data collected through survey and interviews will purely
be used for academic purpose..
If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me on.
Thank you for your time and consideration in this matter.
APPROVAL LETTER
23
a. New features
b. Safety and security
c. All of the above
Dear The Co-operative Group,
, and I am studying HND Business programme at London School of Management
Education, London. As part of my course I am required to complete a Research Project
on the theme of ‘Work place transformation’. I would like to conduct my research on The
Co-operative Group. The aim of my research is to find out how Covid -19
transformed the workplace. I am hereby seeking your consent to conduct surveys and
interviews about your company to collect relevant data to support my research
objectives. All information and data collected through survey and interviews will purely
be used for academic purpose..
If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me on.
Thank you for your time and consideration in this matter.
APPROVAL LETTER
23
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