Manufacturing Processes and Types - Desklib

This report analyses the different manufacturing types and processes, layout types, and characteristics of the process technology considered in the choosing appropriate technology in the business organizations. Some of the different manufacturing types discussed in this research include project, batch, mass, jobbing, and continuous. Some of the ways through which the process types can be related to the layout types in business organization include process layout, cell layout, product layout, and fixed position layout.

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MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND TYPES
A Report Paper on Manufacturing Process By
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report analyses the different manufacturing types and processes, layout types, and
characteristics of the process technology considered in the choosing appropriate technology in
the business organizations. Some of the different manufacturing types discussed in this research
include project, batch, mass, jobbing, and continuous. Some of the ways through which the
process types can be related to the layout types in business organization include process layout,
cell layout, product layout, and fixed position layout. The characteristics of process technology
considered in assisting the process technology decision in the business organization include the
scale of technology and the degree of automation of the technology. The choice of the process of
design depends on the variety and the volume of services and products being offered. Project
procedures are used in making the one-off product of a purchaser requirement. The property of
the task processes is that the site of the produce is static.
Table of Contents

Manufacturing Processes and Types 3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................4
DIFFERENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS TYPES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION..4
Project.....................................................................................................................................................4
Batch.......................................................................................................................................................4
Mass/ line................................................................................................................................................5
Jobbing....................................................................................................................................................5
Continuous..............................................................................................................................................5
HOW PROCESS TYPES ARE RELATED TO THE LAYOUT TYPES IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION........................6
Process layout.........................................................................................................................................6
Cell layout................................................................................................................................................7
Product layout.........................................................................................................................................7
Fixed position layout...............................................................................................................................8
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROCESS TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERED IN ASSISTING THE PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
DECISION IN THE BUSINESS ORGANIZATION...............................................................................................8
Scale of technology..................................................................................................................................9
The degree of automation of technology................................................................................................9
CHALLENGES IN ADOPTING THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION..............................10
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................10
BIBLIOGRAPHY...........................................................................................................................................11

Manufacturing Processes and Types 4
INTRODUCTION
This report analyses the different manufacturing types and processes, layout types, and
characteristics of the process technology considered in the choosing appropriate technology in
the business organizations. The choice of the process of design depends on the variety and the
volume of services and products being offered. Service providers and manufacturing normally
serve their clients on the range among a grouping of high capacity and high multiplicity facilities
and products to a grouping of little capacity and great range amenities and products.
DIFFERENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS TYPES AND THEIR
APPLICATIONS IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION
Project
Progressions that yield great range and little size goods are known as the projects. Project
procedures are used in making the one-off product of a purchaser requirement. The property of
the task processes is that the site of the produce is static. This means transforming the resources
like apparatus and staff that make the produce must move or be enthused to the locality of the
product. A project may also need the synchronization of many individual and actions, claim the
approach of resolving a problem to ensure they are complexion time and have the moderately
extended period of production. A period of the accomplishment of the project is a significant
performance measure (Barry, 2014).
Batch
Procedures that yield goods of the medium diversity and volume are known as the batch
procedures (Booker, 2013). They have the extensive range of capacity and many groupings.
Yields assembled into groups whose size batch series from 2 to hundreds. In the batch process,
the products move to the site of the converting resource like apparatus and so possessions in
among the batches. The machinery setup occurs between the batches leading to the greater

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utilization of apparatus (Booker, 2011). Since the volumes related in the batches, it can be
cheaper. Since it is hard to forecast when a collection of labour will reach at a machinery, a lack
of synchronization leads to many goods waiting for the machine at any one time (Bruce, 2012).
Mass/ line
Procedures that yield great capacity and little product are known as the mass or line
process. Though there may be alternatives within the product's proposal the manufacture
processes will eventually be the similar for all produces. It is cheap because of the high volume
of products. The movement of products is automated using the system of the conveyor and the
production process broke down many simple tasks. This help to ensure the process time to be
fast to meet the delivery (Creese, 2015).
Jobbing
The procedure that produces great range and little volume yields are known as the jobbing
process and are used to brand off produces to a purchaser requirement. The property of casual
procedure is that the produce move to the site of converting properties and can be pooled among
many products. Skillful labour is used to manage the need for customization and the use of
overall purpose apparatus pooled among the produces. Low utilization of apparatus is due to the
necessity to commence recurrent setting up of the machines when moving from processing one
product to another (Elshennawy, 2015).
Continuous
Processes that operate continuously to yield a very great size of standard products are
known as constant and the products are typically in the endless movement like the gas and oil. It
uses a great quantity of apparatus which is devoted to creating the solitary products. It is cost
effective and operates 24houers a day. The role of the labour in the process is to monitor the
progression apparatus with small exchange with the product itself (Griffiths, 2014).

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Figure 1: manufacturing process types (Greasley, 2013).
HOW PROCESS TYPES ARE RELATED TO THE LAYOUT
TYPES IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION
Process layout
It is one that resources with the same purposes and processes are assembled together. They
are put into practice when there is a huge disparity in the services and goods being produced and
may not be reasonable to devote amenities to every services or product. This procedure layout
enables the consumers to move the groups of properties based on their requirement. In the
service system, they allow many ways that may be chosen by the customers depending on their
needs. The products series may be prolonged as long as no new resources are needed and may be
housed within the present plan (Groover, 2014). The significant matter is the managing the flow
of the services and produces between the resource group and the problem is that the transport
between the process group in terms of period and the management costs. The quantity of services
or involved makes it hard to forecast when a produce will be conveyed (Jain, 2012).

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Figure 2: process layout (Greasley, 2013)
Cell layout
This attempt to join the effectiveness of the produce layout with the elasticity of the
procedure layout. Cells are made from insertion the properties together which deal a subsection
of the total series of services and products. Group the products together are known as family and
the procedure of group is known as the group technology which has three aspects; grouping parts
into the family, creating the groups of multi-skilled workers and grouping somatic amenities into
the cells to decrease the time of transportation between the processes (Singh, 2010).
Product layout
Arrange the resources needed for the services and the product around the need of that service
or product, the line may be automatic or persons may be allocated to one or more phases. In the
application of manufacturing, such line of assembly with a great volume of typical product, the
produces will move from one position of processing to the next inflow (Thompson, 2014).

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Fixed position layout
This type of layout is important when the service or the product cannot be progressed and
the procedure of transformation takes place at the site of the formation of products or distribution
of the service. All the resources for product production must move to the location of service or
the produce the available space on the site may restrain the activity work that can occur (Wright,
2010).
Figure 3: characteristics of the layout types and how they are related to the process types
(Greasley, 2013).
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
CONSIDERED IN ASSISTING THE PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
DECISION IN THE BUSINESS ORGANIZATION
In terms of the operation administration, investment in the process expertise is the tactical
decision and assist the society encounter the plans of the competing markets. The technology of
information can be seen as the link between the business environment externally and business
processes of the business internally. The information system of the organization will regulate in
part how well it is good to reply demand placed on it by the exterior environment and how it how
it can manage business processes to meet the external demands (Booker, 2013). The process

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technology exists for the passive customer technology interaction like the system for
transportation. Customer needs the vibrant tutoring in the use of equipment to avoid the
misperception since of the absence of communication among the technology and the consumers.
In the maintained customer machinery collaboration, there is the human server that acts as the
intercessor amid the technology and customer and the guidance can be given to the customers in
making their decision by the server (Elshennawy, 2015).
Scale of technology
The scale is the size of a separate unit of a procedure of technology. The choice is there
whether to make up the volume with insufficient great volume units or many little capacity units
(Griffiths, 2014).
The degree of automation of technology
This refers to the degree to which the machinery operate minus human intercession. This is
a range from low mechanization to great mechanization dependent on the complexity level and
the needed perception. This permits the execution of the repetitive tasks with speed, power and
precision and lowers the labour cost directly. Its disadvantage is that includes the probable loss
of elasticity and originality because of lack of human interference and the prospective high
support costs like cost of labour of sustenance engineer (Booker, 2011).
The degree of integration of technology
This refers to the degree to which the unit separate of machinery is linked together. Process
technology is linked together as the material handling system for example; FMS, FMC, CIM and
information handling system. Concluded the use of the system based on the internet. It decreases
destruction of the formerly separated processes and lead to enhanced organization and reduce

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costs and WIP. Its disadvantage is that it has the high cost of capital and the increased exposure
to the risks of failure (Creese, 2015).
CHALLENGES IN ADOPTING THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN
BUSINESS ORGANIZATION
The challenge in adopting the decree of integration of technology is that it has the high cost
of capital and the improved publicity to the risks of disappointment. The degree of automation of
machinery is that includes the potential harm of elasticity and creativeness because of lack of
human involvement and the potential great support charges like cost of labour of support
engineer. Sometimes the use of technology may need the experience and skills that the customer
doesn't have thought some of the organizations encouraged the customer to the action instead of
supported technology to reduce the staffing costs (Griffiths, 2011).
CONCLUSION
In the processes, the proposal of the procedure is characterized into the service and
manufacturing the choice of the course design depend on the capacity and the product variety
that the organization give. This report presented categories for the process design and the process
types for dissimilar variety and volume combination. The choice of the process of design
depends on the variety and the volume of services and products being offered .Service providers
and manufacturing normally serve their clients on the range among a grouping of high capacity
and high multiplicity facilities and products to a grouping of little capacity and great range
amenities and products

Manufacturing Processes and Types 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Barry, J., 2014. Contemporary Manufacturing Processes. Melbourne: Goodheart-Willcox.
Booker, S., 2011. Process Selection from design to manufacture. New York: Elsevier.
Booker, S., 2013. Manufacturing Process Selection. Perth: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Bruce, G., 2012. Modern Materials and Manufacturing Processes. Colorado: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Creese, R., 2015. Introduction to Manufacturing Processes and Materials. Toledo: CRC Press.
Elshennawy, A., 2015. Manufacturing Processes & Materials. Michigan: Society of Manufacturing
Engineers.
Greasley, A., 2013. Operations management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Griffiths, B., 2011. Manufacturing Surface Technology. Michigan: Elsevier.
Griffiths, B., 2014. Engineering Drawing for Manufacture. Toledo: Elsevier.
Groover, M., 2014. Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing. Perth: John Wiley & Sons.
Jain, V., 2012. Micromanufacturing Processes. Michigan: CRC Press.
Rajput, R., 2013. Manufacturing Technology:. Perth: Firewall Media.
Singh, R., 2010. Introduction To Basic Manufacturing Process & Workshop Technology. Colorado: New
Age International.
Thompson, R., 2014. Manufacturing Processes for Design Professionals. Michigan: Thames & Hudson.
Wright, T., 2010. Manufacturing Systems. Toledo: Goodheart-Willcox Company.