MBA Main Project Assignment
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Added on 2021-04-21
MBA Main Project Assignment
Added on 2021-04-21
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Running head: MBA MAIN PROJECT - CHAPTER 2Impact of Team Work Effectiveness on Employee Motivation in Enrichment Centre atMalaysiaName of the Student:Name of the University:Author’s Note:
MBA MAIN PROJECT - CHAPTER 21Table of Contents2.0 Literature Review......................................................................................................................22.1 Definition of Key Concepts...................................................................................................22.1.1 Teamwork.......................................................................................................................22.1.2 Motivation.......................................................................................................................42.2 Critical Review of Team Work theories and models.............................................................52.2.1 Tuckman Theory.............................................................................................................52.2.2 Belbin’s Model...............................................................................................................72.2.3 T7 Model........................................................................................................................92.2.4 GRPI Model..................................................................................................................102.2.5 Heckman Model............................................................................................................122.2.6 The Lafasto and Larson Model.....................................................................................132.3 Empirical studies.................................................................................................................152.3.1 Empirical studies in Malaysia.......................................................................................152.3.2 Empirical studies Global...............................................................................................18Reference List................................................................................................................................22
MBA MAIN PROJECT - CHAPTER 222.0 Literature Review2.1 Definition of Key Concepts2.1.1 TeamworkHu and Liden (2015) opined that teamwork is the collaborative effort of a team towardsachieving a common goal or completing a particular task in efficient and effective manner. Themembers of a team work interdependently towards achieving the common goals of the team.Moreover, teamwork presents the context, where group of people work together in collaborationwith each other for achieving the common organizational goals. Teamwork is the practice ofworking collaboratively with a group of employees for achieving common organizational goals.Moreover, in teamwork, the team members work in collaboration with each other and have theirinterdependence on each other. However, Choi, Kim and Kang (2017) argued that despite ofinterdependence, the team members must have their individual skills for better achieving theorganizational goals in unique way. Weer, DiRenzo and Shipper (2016) stated that teamwork isthe joint activities by the group of people in which the individual interest of the employees issubordinated into group efficiency and unity and harmonized effort. Moreover, the individualskills and strengths of the individual team members are joined together with shared goal forachieving the overall team goal.Dong et al. (2015) opined teamwork is the cooperation among the group of employees,which is intended towards sharing the ideas and skills for achieving the common organizationalgoals. However, the willingness of the employees to cooperate with each other stems from therelationship of the team members with each other. Barrick et al. (2015) teamwork is thecoordinated and cooperative effort on the part of a group of employees, who work together as a
MBA MAIN PROJECT - CHAPTER 23team and through the interest of common cause. However, teamwork needs that all the workersin a team put fair and adequate share to the workload towards accomplishing the common goalsof their organization or association. Howard, Turban and Hurley (2016) mentioned thatteamwork at the workplace is the joint efforts of the employees, who work collaborativelycohesively for creating a positive atmosphere at the workplace for achieving commonorganizational goals. The support of the team members for each other is highly dependent ontheir relationship and individual skills. Costa, Passos and Bakker (2015) teamwork is acollaborative working practice, where the individual employees work together in highlycooperative working environment for achieving the common organizational goals throughsharing skills and knowledge. Such cooperative working practice allows the ordinary employeesto achieve some extra-ordinary work goal. Jia et al. (2014) teamwork is the process of puttingthe individual efforts of the employees into the group efforts for achieving the boarderperspectives of overall organizational goals. The team members must have adequate skills andcapabilities and their interaction with each other should be flexible for achieving the team goals.Sommer, Howell and Hadley (2016) pointed out that teamwork is the joint effort, wherea distinguishable set of employees interact with each other interdependently, dynamically andadaptively for achieving common organizational goals. However, the effectiveness of teamworkrequires willingness of the team members to share their ideas and skills with each other. Lin, Wuand Ling (2017) opined that teamwork is the interdependent acts of the team members, whichconverts inputs into outputs through verbal, behavioral and cognitive activities directed towardsachieving common organizational goals. However, team members require proper communicationamong each other for achieving common goals.
MBA MAIN PROJECT - CHAPTER 242.1.2 MotivationLi, Chiaburu and Kirkman (2017) stated that motivation defines the external andinternal factors, which stimulate the energy and desire of the employees to be continuallycommitted and interested in a job role for attaining the job goals. Moreover, it becomes thereason for acting and behaving in a particular way. Kanfer and Chen (2016) pointed out thatmotivation acts as the stimulator for the needs, desire and action of the people, which stimulatesthe employees to behave in a particular manner and encourage the employees to repeat thebehavior. It is generally resulted from both unconscious and conscious factors like intensity ofneeds, incentives of goals and expectation of individuals and their peers. Anitha and Begum(2016) stated that motivation is the process that initiates with psychological and physiologicaldeficiency or need, which activates or drives the behavior towards a goal. It is always internal tothe employees and it is externalized through their behavior. Wang, Waldman and Zhang(2014) pointed out that motivation is the willingness of the employees towards exerting highlevels of efforts for meeting organizational goals as well as satisfying some individual needs. Itstimulates the willingness among the employees towards performing some behaviors in aspecific manner. Moreover, motivation enhances the enthusiasm within the employees towardsachieving any particular goal. According to Boxall, Hutchison and Wassenaar (2015), motivation is the outcome ofthe processes, external and internal to the individual, which arouses persistence and enthusiasmamong the employees for pursuing some source of actions. The process of motivation stimulatesthe employees towards initiating a particular action. Furthermore, the factors of motivationbecome the reasons for behaving in a certain way. Grille, Schulte and Kauffeld (2015)mentioned that motivation creates willingness among the employees towards performing at the
MBA MAIN PROJECT - CHAPTER 25best of their abilities. However, the stimulus must be aroused for motivating the employeestowards achieving the goals. Moreover, motivation is the influence or force, which causes theemployees to do some works. As per Idris, Dollard and Tuckey (2015), motivation is the levelof desire that an employee feels to perform a particular job regardless of their level of happiness.The employees, who are highly motivated, can be highly productive and engaged in their jobrole. Hence, motivation drives the employees to work at their best for achieving overallorganizational goals. Bai, Lin and Li (2016) stated that motivation is the psychologicalphenomenon within the employees that encourage the employees towards initiating a particularaction. It is simply the willingness of the employees towards exerting best effort foraccomplishing any particular job. von Bonsdorff et al. (2015) opined that motivation is the innerstate of the individuals’ minds that direct and activates certain behaviors. The process ofmotivation instigates, maintains and guides goal oriented behaviors within the employees. Kim,Pathak and Werner (2015) mentioned that motivation is the desire, incentives and ambitions,which pushes the employees to take certain action, performing work and accomplishing goals.However, the desires and incentives often depend on external stimulators. 2.2 Critical Review of Team Work theories and models2.2.1 Tuckman TheoryAccording to Lo Coco et al. (2016), Dr. BruceTuckman invented the theory of teamworkin the year 1965. The success of team is highly dependent on the composition of the teammembers through the priority behavior. Betts and Healy (2015) further stated that the grouplinearly progress through five stages of team development process like forming, storming,norming, performing and disbanding.Collaboration and cooperation within the team lead tomotivation of work among the team members.
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