Measles Issue in the United Kingdom: Challenges and Progress for Sustainable Development Goals

The report covers the Measles issue in the United Kingdom, including its nature, symptoms, and impact on social groups. It also discusses the challenges faced by the UK health system, particularly the lack of staff, and the progress made towards achieving sustainable development goals.

Project 1 Case Study

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The report has covered the United Kingdom introduction including the demographic area,
population of the country, life expectancy of the UK. UK belongs to the European region to the
context of WHO. The report included the Measles issue in the United Kingdom which is a
serious viral infection disease for the small children's. The Measles issue in the UK was covered
in the report. It covers the nature of the Measles issue, the symptoms caused due to the issue. The
effect of the issue to social group, the main risk from the issue were included in the report. The
report covered the challenges to the health system of the UK. Health workforce is considered as
the building block of the WHO. The global health data was supported in the data. The report
covered the progress of SDG by identifying the intervention of social, political and the
economic.

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................4
Health Issue in the United Kingdom...........................................................................................4
Challenges in UK health system..................................................................................................6
Country progress for sustainable development goal....................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
The group of island of the Europe Northwest were consisted in the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom is also known as the UK. It is made up of four nations. Northern Ireland,
England, Scotland, Wales. There was made a Great Britain by the Scotland, Wales and England.
According to the elaboration of the World meter there was the population of approx. 68,694,074
in the United Kingdom (Nicolay and et.al., 2020). In the European region of WHO the United
Kingdom of Northern Ireland and the Great Britain was located. In 2022 the female born life
expectancy was approx. 83 years. Since the birth of the Queen there is the increase in the life
expectancy of 21 years. Over the time there is the change in the shape.
With the narrow tip and the wide base, the population was in the shape of the pyramid
like a triangle in the United Kingdom 200 years ago. There is the approx. of 41.7 years’ female
and the 40.6 years of the male in the United Kingdom median age. To the total population there
is constituent of the 67.081 million to the countries. The age structure in the United Kingdom is
the 17.63 percent in the 0-14 years’ age group, 11.49 percent of the population are in the age
group of 15-24 years of the age. In the age group of 88-64 there are the 12.73 percent of the
population and 18.48 percent of the population was in the age group of 65 years and above age.
In the United Kingdom the maternal mortality rate is approximately 7 deaths in context to the
100,000 lives birth.
MAIN BODY
Health Issue in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom there is the Measles disease which was identified. The disease
was very serious for the small children it is a viral infection. Through the respiratory droplets
there was a spread of the disease in the air. After contact with the virus the symptoms were
appeared after the 7-14 days. The symptoms of the disease are the runny nose, higher fever,
watery eyes, cough (United Kingdom Demographics Profile, 2021). After the incur of the first
symptoms the measles rash appears for the 3-5 days. There is not a little rash from the Measles, it
can be considered as the dangerous for the children's. For the young children and the babies, it
was determined to be the most dangerous. The Koplik spot begins after 2-3 days of beginning the
symptoms. The spot was appeared inside the mouth. There is break of the rash after the 5-6 days
of the symptoms beginning. At the hairline there is appear of the flat red spot. To the downwards
of feet, neck, legs and the trunk, arms the disease was spread. To the top of the flat red spots

there is appearance of the small bumps. Thus, it spread from the head the disease spread over the
all body parts. Together the spot become joined. More than the 104 degree Fahrenheit there is the
spike of the children's fever, when the appearance of the rash. Followed by the maculopapular
the cough, conjunctivitis, malaise a prodome fever was characterized (Moten and et.al., 2018).
Firstly, there is the breakdown of the spot. Towards, the chest, arms, back, lower legs, thighs and
the feet there is the spread of the measles rashes. In the United Kingdom the mortality rate is
about 1 person in 5000 cases due to the measles disease. The children below the age of 5 years or
infant were at higher risk due to severe illness. The immune system was also compromised of the
people, there is also cause the issue from the HIV infection and the leukaemia. The pregnant
women were also at the most higher risk. Worldwide over the 1 million person there are the 36
measles cases are active. Totally, there are the 134,200 people died due to the impact of the
measles issue.
Table 1. Total suspected cases of measles, rubella and mumps reported to health protection
teams () and proportion tested through different routes: weeks 1 to 13 of 2022
Notified as
Number of
suspected
cases*
Number (%)
tested by OF.
[Target: 80%
(measles and
rubella only)]
Other samples
received in
Virus Reference
Laboratory
Number of
samples IgM
positive or
viral
detection
Discard rate
based on
negative tests
per 100,000
population (all
samples)**
Measles 308 174 (56%) 11 1 0.33
Rubella 64 24 (38%) 18 0 0.08
Mumps 1,179 309 (26%) 8 10 –
Rash fever
surveillance
¥
3,332 495 (15%)¥¥ – 0 –
Mortality Indicators

(A) Crude death rate: Number of death during the year/Mid year population*1000
= 1/34347037*1000
=0.000029%
Incidence Rate: New cases
Population*Time frame
= 2 = 0.000000034%
59,597,300*1
Infant mortality rate = number of death in year <1 year of age/number of live births in year*1000
= 2226/681560*100
=0.32%
Challenges in UK health system
Health system includes all institutions, organizations, resources and individual who make
effective use of primary concerns to improve health and safety. While UK is having government
subsidised universal healthcare system which is known as National Health Service. It usually
involves series of publicity funded health systems in UK. As enhanced attention towards health
systems is growing and which demand sound monitoring which enables decision makers to
monitor health progress and system performance as ensuring responsibility. In this way WHO
proposed appropriate framework which depicts six different elements or building blocks likely to
be termed as healthy workforce, service delivery, health information systems, financing, access
to mandatory medicines and leadership.
In UK healthcare system like NHS the biggest challenging outcome was figured out was
lack of staff to provide suitable medical services. Despite growing workforce, staff members of
national health care seems to be pressurized as number as well as complexity for providing care
facilities to patients tends to increase. It creates mismanagement in the practices of delivering
quality service to patients and taking longer time as expected which pressurized experts to
perform their roles accordingly. It is essential to be aware about sudden challenges in the
context. To solve the purpose of lack of staff members in the country building blocks highlight
key concern to serve them with benefit. Health workforce is appropriate example of building
block which deals with the issue being faced by country in current scenario. This includes
priorities aligned with recruitment of qualified professionals having required skill set. Retention

and recruitment are significant terms in remote and rural context which usually demand
protection of multi skilled practitioner’s ability to work across vast scope of practices.
Thus, in context with the challenges faced it is essential to aware about the issue. The health
workforce provides the benefit to the building blocks of the country. It helps in resolving the
problem of lack of the staff. Through the health workers there will be the functioning of the
health system (Gadroen and et.al., 2018). Towards the population the health workforce is playing
a critical role for the improvement of the health care quality and the access. Through the
collaborative practice and the inter professional education there is the contribution to the
profession of health.
Country progress for sustainable development goal
In UK, Good health and well-being has been taken into consideration. The first goal is to
reduce maternal mortality to less than 70 on per 100000 live birth. And to prevent death of
newborns who are under the age group of 5 years. It has to be toppled 12% on per 1000 live birth
by the year 2030.
From the year 2015 UK is making progress with great rate. In the year 2016 this
mortality rate came down to 44% and in the year 2019 this was fallen by 49%. in the year 2021 it
was fallen to 12% which can be cited as great progress. On the basis of the above statistics it
would be fair to say that the nation is making great progress in this realm and also spearheaded to
get better in the future. If the same trends are being followed for the next couple of years then
will make the ultimate aim (Ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages,
2021). The sustainable developmental goals seem to be underpinned through 169 targets that
usually address specific issues of faced by both developing and developed nations. Such
problematic concerns are interconnected with one another which includes inequality, poverty,
access to health and education, climate change. SDG is applicable over all countries whereby
sectors play vital role in assisting delivery.
In this context UK is highly accountable for accomplishing goals on domestically purposes
and helping out attainment internationally. In 2015, government of UK made commitment to
accomplish UN’s sustainable development which aims to enhance the aspects like property,
peace and access to healthcare. In this modern era, country has evolved fruitful practices in their
context which drive better service providing facilities. Sustainable development goals are the
prior concern for country which would be achieved by 2030. Also they have played fundamental

role in global phase for the same perspective. Although, government of UK has presented their
Voluntary national review towards UN higher level political forum. Since 2019, the overall
context has altered influentially for civil society of UK.
The pandemic has served back progress to achieve sustainable development goal as pushing
millions towards poverty, inequalities, disrupting educations and immense pressure on weaker
health systems (Four ways the UK is behind the curve on SDG implementation, 2022) In 2021,
government of UK reneged over its commitment to spend around 0.7 percent of GNI over
Official Development Assistance. Such decisive measures have crippled mostly life transforming
and lifesaving projects all around having serious implications for most demoted communities as
well as achievement of sustainable development goals. Thus, it can be stated that UK has made
progress covering broad areas and introduced multi stakeholder engagement approach in order to
determine gaps, target areas and adapt with policies in which further progress is demanded.
Pandemic has set back advancement on SDG and it reflects how interconnected such goals are.
World leaders should be capable to deliver the transformative changes in terms of reforming
perspectives. This will enhance better functionality and outcome which would be considered in
the context of UK sustainable development goals.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been summarized that measles is considered as serious
health issue in UK. It has been figured out it has saviour impact on health and safety measures of
children which create serious complications. It is highly infectious viral illness having symptoms
like cold and it develop after 10 days from getting infected. Apart from this report has covered
challenges faced by country in their health care systems. It depicts that lack of staff and poor
service were core challenging aspects from which country has faced challenges to cater effective
services in their health care systems. Furthermore, building blocks is analytical framework which
is generally utilized by WHO professional to define health systems. It includes six core elements
in which it serves with clear understanding about health systems and strengthening measures. On
the other hand, the report has examined sustainable development goals in the context of UK. The
inequality in health services further can be improved with the help of safeguarding fair access
towards better quality housing, health, education and public services. It is essential to seek

attention that all public services are planned appropriately and delivered in valuable proportion
to the basic demands.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Gadroen, K., and et.al., 2018. Impact and longevity of measles-associated immune suppression: a
matched cohort study using data from the THIN general practice database in the UK.
BMJ open. 8(11). p.e021465.
Nicolay, N., and et.al., 2020. Epidemiology of measles during the COVID-19 pandemic, a
description of the surveillance data, 29 EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom,
January to May 2020. Eurosurveillance. 25(31). p.2001390.
Moten, M., and et.al., 2018. Measles: is it still a threat?. British Journal of General Practice.
68(674). pp.404-405.
Vojtek, I., and et.al., 2022. Evolving measles status and immunization policy development in six
European countries. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. 18(1). p.2031776.
Online
United Kingdom Demographics Profile, 2021. [online]. Available through
<https://www.indexmundi.com/united_kingdom/demographics_profile.html>
Four ways the UK is behind the curve on SDG implementation. 2022. [online]. Available
through:< https://sdg.iisd.org/commentary/guest-articles/four-ways-the-uk-is-behind-
the-curve-on-sdg-implementation-and-what-to-do-about-it/#:~:text=The%20UK%20has
%20fallen%20behind,step%20up%20and%20start%20delivering.&text=The%20UK
%20played%20an%20important,2030%20Agenda%20and%20the%20SDGs. >
Ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages. 2021. [Online]. Available
through:< https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/Goal-03/>