ICT Ethics and Professional Skills

This assignment delves into the ethical considerations surrounding Information and Communication Technology (ICT), emphasizing the importance of responsible innovation and user protection. It explores essential professional skills required for success in the ICT field, including communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving. The assignment also examines the impact of ICT on interpersonal relationships and highlights the need for ethical communication practices in a digital environment.

Running head: ICT 1
ICT
Name:
Institution:
Date:

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PORTFOLIO 1
Reference 1
Manogharan, G. P.,Conner, B. P., Martof, A. N., Rodomsky, L. M., Jordan, D. C Rodomsky,
C. M., & Limperos, J. W. (2014). Making sense of 3-D printing: Creating a map of additive
manufacturing products and services. Additive Manufacturing, 1, 64-76. (Conner,et.al,2014)
Link:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214860414000104
Reference summary
This article mainly talks about using 3D printing in Additive manufacturing in an
organization. Key attributes of the products that are manufactured using this technology are
also discussed. The article mostly tries to make sense of how 3D printing can influence the
manufacturing sector.
Authors
The authors have vast experience in the manufacturing sector with some some of the
contributors to this article having worked for many years in the manufacturing sector.
Although 3D printing is a new technology in manufacturing , these authors have got the know
how of how 3D manufacturing works.
Summary of key findings:
Manufacturers are yet to fully embrace 3D printing technology, this is due to the cost
implication for the organization and the lack of technical skill required for this type of
manufacturing. However, this method allows for personalization of products and also
production volume can me varied based on the market demands ( Manogharan,et.al,2014).
How the research was conducted.

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Secondary information on how 3D technology is evolving and being used in the
manufacturing industry has been used in this research. Useful information from authors who
have had experience in manufacturing has been used in this research.
Usefulness and limitations of this reference.
This reference provides relevant insights on how 3D printing is used in additive
manufacturing. The article provides information on the pros and cons of this technology and
also compares it with the conventional manufacturing methods. It therefore provides
information to the reader on how a digital model is converted into a three dimentional end
product and the process in between .
Recommendation
This reference provides a lot of information on this type of manufacturing without any doubt.
However, the authors could have added some information on the viability of 3D printing to
an organization.
Reference 2
Ventola, C. L. (2014). Medical applications for 3D printing: current and projected
uses. Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 39(10), 704.
Link:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4189697/
Summary of the reference
This reference provides insights on how 3D printing technology has been utilized in the field
of medicine. The references provides information on the various uses of this technology in
the field of medicine. For example; in the manufacture of drugs, customization of prosthetics,
organ and tissue fabrications among other uses(Certo, 2018). Other information that is

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provided by this reference include how cost effective this method in the manufacture of
drugs.
Author
The author has been writing medical journals for several years.
Summary of the key findings
3D printing is a new technology in the field of medicine. The technology has been successful
in the following areas; manufacture of customized body parts which has got the exact
measurements that a patient needs(Brink & Costigan,2015). The material used in the
manufacturing process must however be compatible with the organic tissue. The
manufactured organs can also replace any organ when a patient needs a transplant. It
therefore shows that this technology will be of much use in the future especially in this field.
How the research was conducted.
Secondary information was used in this research.
Limitations and usefulness of this reference.
The reference is useful because it gives information on the various uses of 3D printing
technology in medicine field(Ventola,2014).However, the limitation of this reference is that it
does not provide a lot of information on the cost of manufacture when using 3D printing
technology.
Recommendation
The author should add some more information on the areas of cost and if this manufacturing
can be done on an industrial scale.

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PORTFOLIO 2
Reflective writing
From August 3-8, 2015, I was learning at the advanced training courses for
"Sociology of Conflict: Technologies for Conflict Management". I was traveling with the
already defined topic "Effective technologies for managing risks and conflicts as
opportunities for organizational development". I wanted to replenish my arsenal of
technologies with new practices for managing risks and conflicts, and organize the
organizational and management training.
The most valuable for me were knowledge about manipulators / actualizers, four intellectual
positions, the right to development and the approach proposed by the instructor, the types of
reflection, the boundaries of the conflict, the issues by which conflict can be resolved, the
distinction "Communal" and content conflicts, the consequences of conflicts, the multi-
leveled conflicts, the importance of self-determination, the cartography of the conflict, the
distinction between conflict and non-conflict, role conflicts, an inter-conflict conflict. The
conflict in the language, the sociodrama, the reflection of the training elements, the
importance of the commitments undertaken, the importance of self-determination, self-
organization, self-restraint and self-representation(Al-Saggaf&Burmeister, 2017).
Here there is knowledge about both methods and technologies, and algorithms. The methods
that I am ready to take in the work are a sociodramma, a contract, a balance wheel,
intellectual maps. Algorithms of constructive communications in the conflict. Technology of
reflection and methodological reflection, conflict mapping, activity approach. Criticism: I did
not have enough exercises to train skills and time in order to conduct training on risks in full.
Till now I had very superficial knowledge about conflictology as a science. No, I certainly
dealt with various conflicts. But when considering these conflicts, I was more guided by my

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life experience and intuitive reactions rather than by any methods and techniques. I was
completely unfamiliar with the theoretical basis of conflictology. But we did not limit
ourselves to theoretical knowledge alone, we also dealt with a lot of cases, which our
listeners told us about. I was interested to listen to the lecturer(Göpferich & Neumann,2016). I
basically was constantly involved in classes. It was also very interesting for me to get
acquainted with the methods my colleges talked about. I want to use the smart card method in
my professional work (Jirotka,et al,2017).
Especially I was interested in information about the experience of conflict resolution in urban
planning, as it is these kinds of conflicts that I am going to deal with in the future.And I'm
interested in social conflicts, that is, conflicts, where representatives and institutions of civil
society (public organizations, public initiative bodies, initiative groups, leaders of public
opinion, etc.) are one of the parties( DuBrin,2014).
In general, I rate the rate quite high, by 8 points on a ten-point scale. Nevertheless, I want to
make a number of proposals. One day it is desirable to conduct a full-fledged business game
to resolve a conflict. This would give an opportunity to consolidate theoretical knowledge in
practice.I really want to continue this course in a more in-depth format, and I hope that I will
have this opportunity(Górniak,2007).
PORTFOLIO 3
A ghost writer is a professional writer who does not receive credit when he is hired to write
works for another person and remains anonymous. Although this practice has been common
for a very long time and to this day senior government officials read public speeches that
have been written by another person (McLean, 2011). Influential people also hire ghost
writers to write their auto biographies which is considered ethical. There is nothing wrong for
someone to hire a ghost writer in any of the mentioned fields. However in research and

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general academic studies, when one hires ghostwriters it is considered as a form of plagiarism
(McDermid,2015). . In the last decade, companies that offer ghostwriting services have
sprung up in dozens because of the demand good grades by students and especially in
Australia. Professional writers who do this tasks provide not only undergraduate papers but
also masters theses and graduate thesis. The so called professional writers are willing to do
any work as long as they get paid (Merckaert.et.al, 2015) .Ghostwriting can be serious ethical
misconduct and could also be a form of plagiarism
It may be surprising that ghostwriting is a form of plagiarism, but this is how it is defined in
dictionaries and also in the opinions of people and institutions referencing the subject.
This leads to the question, what if a ghost writer is doing a research paper that could end up
being used for the general public(Slachmuylder,2015).. A good example is when a ghost
writer works for a student who is doing his graduate thesis in health science. Any wrong
information provided in that research may end up being used by the general public and could
end up generating health problems for them. Luckily the students are in the ICT sector so no
negative health implications will arise (O'Neil & O'Neil,2014). However according the ACS
code of ethics, students or professionals in the field of ICT are supposed to be honest in their
representation of knowledge, skills , services and products. By hiring ghostwriters, the
student contravenes these codes because they are not representing their own ideas and skills
and therefore it is advisable to report them to the teacher. Also the primacy of the public
interest code states that one will place the interest of the public above personal interest.
Therefore, the student should place the public interest above their personal interest which is
securing good grades.
Portfolio 4
PART A

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1. Describe an example where you used listening and verbal communication skills
effectively (1 mark).
In this course unit, one of the learning outcomes is to develop listening and verbal
communication. Listening is a fundamental component of interpersonal skills. In the class, I
used listening skills to hear what the ideas of the other students and also the teacher.
Listening and communication skills came in handy when there was class discussions related
to this topic and also where we asked questions and discussed ideas related to the topic.
2. How did you use reading skills to effectively develop an academic document? Provide an
example (1 mark).
When writing this paper, I used various sources from different authors. This requires one to
use reading skills to source information that is relevant when developing the academic
document. In the previous three sections, I have used information from other sources which is
a perfect example of how I have used the reading skills(Umashankar&Charitra,2016).
3. Provide an example of using your teamwork skills and interpersonal skills in this unit.
Provide specific examples for each skill set. (1 mark).
In this unit , I had to work with other students in class and also as part of the group
discussion, which I did very well. This is a representation of how I used my teamwork skills.
Examples of my interpersonal skills are the listening and verbal skills.
4.Provide an example of an assessment task or an activity in this unit that helped you to
understand ethical behaviors, and/or social, privacy and legal aspects within the ICT domain.

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The work on 3D printing technology was a task that enabled me understand the ethical and
legal aspects of introduction of such technology to the public (Van den Hoven & van de
Poel,2015). Especially in terms of patenting the products and production of harmful objects.
5.How did you use the diversity and intercultural competency skills to work with staff and/or
students from different cultures? Use example/s from COIT20249 (1 mark).
Diversity and intercultural competency skills were useful as they helped me become aware of
the different attitudes and beliefs in a diverse workplace so I was able to know how to
approach every person and to effectively work with them.
6.Describe an example of a communication and collaboration technology you learnt in
COIT20249. Briefly explain how your selection could be used in an organisation (1 mark).
The best communication and collaboration technology that I learnt was the teleconferencing
which can be used in organizations in holding meetings for people in different areas.
7. Describe how you learnt to evaluate ICT technologies to improve organisational
communication processes. Give an example of an assignment/topic and the technology from
COIT20249 (1
When evaluating the best ICT technology, you choose the best. The features of the
technology are what are used to determine whether the technology is good for example easy
to use and fastness. An example of the technology that we have learnt is the 3D printer.
PART B
An ICT professional should have good interpersonal skills for the following;
Social - possession of social skills is important because they enable cooperation, as well as
the methods of developing professional communication adopted in this
profession(Xinaris,2016).

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Personal - possession of methods of personal self-development and self expression, means of
confronting professional deformities of a person;mastering the methods development of
individuality and self-realization within the profession, readiness for professional self-
preservation, non-adherence to professional aging, the ability to organize your work
rationally without overloading time and effort, to carry out work unrestrainedly, without
fatigue and even with a refreshing effect. These skills are important because they enable a
person to relate well with fellow workers.

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References
Al-Saggaf, Y., Burmeister, O. K., & Schwartz, M. (2017). Qualifications and ethics
education: the views of ICT professionals. Australasian Journal of Information
Systems, 21.
Brink, K. E., & Costigan, R. D. (2015). Oral communication skills: Are the priorities of the
workplace and AACSB-accredited business programs aligned?. Academy of
Management Learning & Education, 14(2), 205-221.
Conner, B. P., Manogharan, G. P., Martof, A. N., Rodomsky, L. M., Rodomsky, C. M.,
Jordan, D. C., & Limperos, J. W. (2014). Making sense of 3-D printing: Creating a
map of additive manufacturing products and services. Additive Manufacturing, 1, 64-
76. (Conner,et.al,2014)
Certo, S. C. (2018). Supervision: Concepts and skill-building. McGraw-Hill Education.
DuBrin, A. J. (2014). Human relations: Interpersonal job-oriented skills. Pearson Higher Ed.
Górniak-Kocikowska, K. (2007). From computer ethics to the ethics of global ICT
society. Library Hi Tech, 25(1), 47-57.
Göpferich, S., & Neumann, I. (2016). Developing and Assessing Academic and Professional
Writing Skills. In Forum Angewandte Linguistik-FAL (Vol. 56). Peter Lang AG.
(Göpferich & Neumann,2016)
Jirotka, M., Grimpe, B., Stahl, B., Eden, G., & Hartswood, M. (2017). Responsible research
and innovation in the digital age. Communications of the ACM, 60(5), 62-68.
McLean, A. (2011). Ethical frontiers of ICT and older users: cultural, pragmatic and ethical
issues. Ethics and information technology, 13(4), 313-326.

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McDermid, D. (2015). Ethics in ICT: an Australian perspective. Pearson Higher Education
AU.
Merckaert, I., Delevallez, F., Gibon, A. S., Liénard, A., Libert, Y., Delvaux, N., ... &
Slachmuylder, J. L. (2015). Transfer of communication skills to the workplace:
impact of a 38-hour communication skills training program designed for radiotherapy
teams. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 33(8), 901-909.
O'Neil Jr, H. F., & O'Neil, H. F. (2014). Workforce readiness: Competencies and assessment.
Psychology Press.
Umashankar, K., & Charitra, H. G. (2016). Enhancing Interpersonal Competency through
Soft-Skills Training with Reference to FIRO-B. Adarsh Journal of Management
Research, 9(1), 21-28.
Van den Hoven, J., Vermaas, P., & van de Poel, I. (2015). Handbook of ethics, values and
technological design. Dordrecht: Springer.
Ventola, C. L. (2014). Medical applications for 3D printing: current and projected
uses. Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 39(10), 704.
Xinaris, C. (2016). The individual in an ICT world. European Journal of
Communication, 31(1), 58-68.