Medication Administration Report: Legislation and Guidance

This comprehensive report delves into the multifaceted aspects of medication administration, covering key legislation, guidelines, and the roles and responsibilities of healthcare professionals. It addresses crucial topics such as patient consent, safe medication practices, and the importance of following instructions from various sources, including individuals, manufacturers, pharmacists, prescribers, and organizations. The report explores preventive measures to minimize distractions during medication administration, the importance of checking various aspects before administering medication, and infection control precautions. It also discusses the 'rights' of medication administration, equipment used, advantages and disadvantages of monitored dosage systems, and actions to be taken in various scenarios, including when a person refuses medication, has difficulty swallowing, or is unable to consent. The report also covers procedures for controlled drugs, monitoring medication effects, recognizing side effects, and reporting adverse effects. Finally, it emphasizes the significance of working within the limitations of one's role and the consequences of not adhering to established protocols.

Medication work

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Q1. Identification of key requirements of legislation and guidance in context to administration
of medication...............................................................................................................................1
Q2. Roles and responsibilities of employee involved in:............................................................1
Q4. At the time of preparing as well as administering medication, explaining the reason why it
is significant to follow instructions given by these people:.........................................................1
Q8. The ways following should be checked before administering medication:..........................2
Q13. Three examples of special instructions which might required to followed when
administering medication.............................................................................................................3
Q14. Explaining why it is important to monitor each person's needs for medication to be
administered “when required'......................................................................................................4
Q15.Explaining why it is important to observe that medication has been taken by individual
once it is administered.................................................................................................................4
Q16. Describing the actions to be taken when a person do not take prescribed medication.......4
Q17. Explaining the ways to record outcomes following administration of medication.............4
Q18. Giving one example for demonstrating when it may be necessary to seek additional
support from all the mentioned people........................................................................................5
Q19. Explaining why it is important to support individuals to administer their own medication
......................................................................................................................................................5
Q20. Identification of key points of legislation along with guidance that relate to self
administration of medication.......................................................................................................5
Q21. Case study ..........................................................................................................................6
Q22. Description of actions that would be taken in line with agreed ways of working when
following situations are faced .....................................................................................................6
Q23. Outline of actions that would be taken when an individual finds difficult to swallow
tablets or capsules........................................................................................................................7
Q24. Explantation of the ways in which support is provided to best interests of individual that
was not able to consent to their prescribed medication...............................................................7

Q25. Procedures should be followed when administering controlled drugs...............................8
Q26. Describing the ways to monitor effects of medication on each person and the condition it
is prescribed for............................................................................................................................8
Q27. Giving examples of how physiological measures are used for monitoring effects or need
for particular medication..............................................................................................................8
Q28. Common side effects of widely used medicines.................................................................9
Q44. Describing responsibilities of different people involved in storage or administration of
medication....................................................................................................................................9
Q45. Outlining potential consequences of not following agreed ways of working as set by an
employer....................................................................................................................................10
Q46. Explaining importance of working within limitation of own role....................................10
Q50. Explaining importance of reporting adverse effects of medication using “Yellow card
Scheme”.....................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Medication work refers to occupation of outpatient treatment which includes initial
evaluation of requirements of patients for psychotropic medication, prescription related
provisions as well as continuous medical monitoring associated to patient's use of medication
from qualified physician (Rutledge, Retrosi and Ostrowski, 2018). The report is based on
medication work and addresses questions in unique manner.
MAIN BODY
Q1. Identification of key requirements of legislation and guidance in context to administration of
medication
The key requirements of legislations and guidance in administration of medication are as
identified:
The Medicines Act, 1968: The legislation is required to classify medications into various
local categories. The guidance of the legislation helps in regulating licensing, supply along with
management of medicines.
The Control of Substances hazardous to heath regulation, 2002: The main
requirement of the legislation in administering medication is to carry out risk assessment for the
purpose of preventing or controlling risk related to hazardous substances that are drugs or
medicines. The guidance of the act ensures people work in sage environment as well as
undertake tasks safely (Konstantinos, 2020).
Q2. Roles and responsibilities of employee involved in:
a. Supporting individuals to take medication
The employee that is involved in supporting people to take medication is responsible to
ensure that an individual take its medications. At same time, employees plays roles of influencer
to encourage an individual to take all the prescribed medications on time so to get well soon. The
support worker is responsible to administer that all prescribed medications are made available to
an individual when required.
b. Administering medication
The employees which are involved in administering medication have roles of engaging in
safe practices, contributing towards culture, assessing appropriateness of all medication practices
along with surrounding environment. At same time, key responsibilities of employees in
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administering medication are monitoring effects of drugs, using rights of medication, reviewing
pertinent information and educating clients (Jam, McKay and Holmes, 2019).
c. Using specialised techniques for administering medication through PEF tube
Human resources that are involved in using specialised techniques to administer
medication by using PEF Tube are responsible for checking and dispensing techniques
effectively, making the technique available at required duration and providing information
related to use of the PEF tube to others. At same time, roles played by employees in this context
includes tool handler, information provider and stock holder.
Q3. Describing preventive measures which can be taken for ensuring that distractions to person
administering medication are minimised
The preventive measures of “Do Not Disturb” and “Quiet Zone” sign can be used to help
minimising distractions to a person administering medication. At same time, for safeguarding
from medical errors, it is important for people to execute proper procedures and undertaking
practices at the location in wherein there is less or no noise. Moreover, some other preventive
measures are proper medication reconciliation procedures, considering person alert and so on
could be used for minimising distractions in administering medication (Mantas, 2020).
Q4. At the time of preparing as well as administering medication, explaining the reason why it is
significant to follow instructions given by these people:
a. The individual
Individual's advice plays important role in medication administering because they know
about patient's needs. Every individual itself a patient, so they know what will be patient's wants,
needs such as clean and peaceful environment, cafeteria, effective peels, proper beds
arrangement etc. it will help in medical administering for proper arrangement and it helps to
reinforce the diligent about the medication (Shiller, 2020).
b. The manufacturer
Distributors or manufacturers are usually know about the medical related demands of
customers and patients. It helps in administering medication, related to drugs they are
responsible for delivering pharmaceuticals to the retailers and in hospital area, so that it will be
easy for diligent to approach it fast.
c. The pharmacist
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The role of pharmacist is helpful in any medical administering because pharmacists
ensures the rational and cost effective benefits of drugs, advice for healthy living, and improve
clinical environment by direct patient care and helpful in managing healthcare disciplines.
d. The prescriber
It plays vital role in medication advisory, because prescriber is responsible for making treatment
decisions, safety precautions, and prescribing therapies. They helps in reduce medication errors,
improve patients safety etc.
e. The organisation
An organisation helps in medical administering in order to reduce side effects and
duplication, as well as drug interactions. They help patients for meeting their health care goals. It
can assist in getting right prescriptions to the right diligent and assure them for taken at the
accurate time.
Q5. Explaining why it is important to attain individual consent prior to administering medication
Achieving individual consent is all about obtaining approval to work on administering
medication. It is important because it is predicted that service user is effective person to be
control of the care. In case, if someone questions about in initiation of administering medication
then individual consent acts as proof. For healthcare system, obtaining individual consent is
significant as it states approval to work on treatments or others in administering medication.
Q6. Identifying information which should be given to people for enabling them to give valid
consent before administering medication
The information that is necessary to be given to population that enable for giving valid
consent prior administering function are as follows:
 Competency of patient for making decision about administering medication.
 Treatments that will be undertaken in the administering process.
 Overall expense in the medication (de Roode and Hunter, 2019).
Q7. Explaining why it is important to agree with people the nature of support they require in
context to their preferences and needs
It is significant to agree with people the nature of support which they needs in their
preferences as support encourages them to make healthy relations, participate in treatments along
with enhancing quality of life so that all their requirements are fulfilled promptly. Agreeing with
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people improves mutual understanding among healthcare practitioners and people so that
adequate treatment are provided to them on time.
Q8. The ways following should be checked before administering medication:
a. Identity of an individual
Prior to administering medication, identify of an individual is checked through correctly
matching a patient with appropriate intended interventions as well as communicating information
related to identity of person accurately along with reliable within continuum of care. To check
person's identify, medication people identify name, assigned identification number, social
security number, address and many other information (Tan and Et. Al., 2017).
b. Medication Administration Record (MAR) Chart
MAR Chart is checked should be checked before administration of medication by
analysing strength and dosage prescribed to a person, medical order and medication container.
MAR Chart engrosses information about patient and known disease with any kind of medication
experienced or not.
c. Medication
There are key phases through which medication should be checked before administrating
medication. The stages are ordering, transcribing, dispensing or delivering, administration,
monitoring and reporting. Among all stages, monitoring and reporting are newly recognised
stages which have limited research to check medication.
d. Equipment
The key equipments that are required in administering medication are calibrated
medication cups, application papers, patient's clinical record, tray and many more. All these
equipments should be checked through tracking their usage and analysing underlying issues.
e. Environment
The environment of medication place should be checked by using various environment
scanning or monitoring tools. Medication professionals must check environment in which they
are planning to administer medication.
Q9. Describing infection control precautions to be taken at the time of administering medication
Some of infection control precautions that must be undertaken while administering
medication are as follows:
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 Using adequate puncture resistant receptacles in order to dispose needles and others in
administration of medication.
 The person involved in administering medication should wear clean gloves.
 Never recapping used syringe.
Q10. Explaining importance of each:
a. Right individual
The right is important as it id defines about asking the patient about relevant information
and analysing whether the order matches with patient (Kazerooni, 2020).
b. Right medicine
It plays important role in analysing whether the medication label matches with the order
or nor and being vigilant with sound like together with look alike medications.
c. Right route
The right is important as it assist in analyse that the route matches with order. At same
time, it also defines whether it can be crushed or mixed with some other substances and
removing transdermal practices into the overall process of administering medication.
d. Right dose
The right is important as it assist in attaining medications administering by double
checking label for analysing what dose requires to be provided in what quantity. It also answers
about the matching of strength and dose with the order.
e. Right time
The right is important in medication administer as it helps in remembering which
medicine is to be given and at what duration. At same time, it focuses on do the administration
time matches with order.
f. Right to refuse
The right have crucial importance as any unwanted treatment aspects can be said no by a
person. The right gives freedom to a person to select what must happen to them which is crucial
aspect in personality, autonomy and dignity of a person.
Q11. Describing three pieces of equipment which can be used to administer medicine
The three pieces of aids that could be used on administering medication are as described:
Souffle Cup: The equipment piece is used in oral administration to measure most liquid
medications.
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Calibrated dropper: The aid is used for administering small quantity of medication to
an adult or child.
Nipple: It is the equipment that is used for the purpose of administering medications
within infants (Swinton, 2018).
Q12. Outlining advantages and disadvantages of using Monitored Dosage System
Advantages Disadvantages
Monitored Dosage System reduces complexity
in adhering towards regime.
It is only suitable for powerful dosage forms
which are to be swallowed whole.
It perform as memory aid. Large size of Monitored Dosage System can
make carrying critical.
The system provides effective medicine
storage that is easily accessible to patient.
It include risk form dispensing errors.
Q13. Three examples of special instructions which might required to followed when
administering medication
1. Regular check-up: At present time it is essential of body check-up for every human
being, specifically when they cross line of at the age of 30. With the changing of life style,
population, depression, busy life scheduled adversely impact on mental as well as physicalist
heath of personas. Thus doctor give them advice to routine body check-up up, which included,
blood pressure, cholesterol check-up, test of thyroid, sugar. Theses are common test which every
person required to go for check up (Kessler and Graham, 2018). As doctor gives right suggestion
regarding healthy life style for human being,.They even suggest them to live happy and stress
free life.
2. Taking dosage in right way: Medicine must be take in right way. It is essential for
persons to take advice from doctor, and take concern about all the precaution and side effect of
the drugs they took . Because many of medicine is react in negative way if they did not took in
correct measurement. Thus it is essential that took advice of doctor before taking any drug.
3. Prescriptions: When administering medication, various prescriptions are seen as
special instructions that must be followed. For example, when a person suffers from backache, t
is prescribed to take complete bed rest and perform various exercises.
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Q14. Explaining why it is important to monitor each person's needs for medication to be
administered “when required'
Every person has different needs, disease, requirements so it is important to monitor
patients requirements. Patients wants safety, quality and on time service. Medication service is
related to nursing care. Every individual wants better treatment and reducing side effects of
medicines (McNiff, 2017). This information advices about monitoring patients in hospital,
because their effective treatment is important and hospital or other pharmaceuticals must take
care about religious, ethics and cultural needs. Continuous monitoring benefits for diligent and
nurses because early detection of diseases can reduce their sufferings and medical cost.
Q15.Explaining why it is important to observe that medication has been taken by individual once
it is administered
After the treatment it is also important for doctors or individual for reviewing about the
precautions they take. It is important for medical professionals to observe diligent, so that they
can monitor side effects or improvement in their health. If patient feels any side effects then
professionals provide good quality care or they change their dose. In any serious situation they
provide better treatment and better quality health care.
Q16. Describing the actions to be taken when a person do not take prescribed medication
Failure to stickiness is a serious problem, it is not only affects the patient but also the
health care system. Non adherence of prescribed medication can lead to more disease, death and
increased health care cost. For it, professionals must specify barriers for each diligent and adopt
appropriate techniques like it will be necessary to improve medication adherence. Professionals
such as physicians, pharmacists can take action against the patient and can isolate the patient so
that they follow proper precautions and described medication.
Q17. Explaining the ways to record outcomes following administration of medication
Medication records must done by an authorised person. And it has includes, name of
medicated patient, date, proper information about their disease, rules and policies. Person should
take copy of records and also force must able to read through the information presented.
Q18. Giving one example for demonstrating when it may be necessary to seek additional support
from all the mentioned people
a. A senior member of staff
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When some new case arrives then additional support from senior member of staff is
necessary to administer medication. For example, a person with some allergy that is never treated
in medication professional comes then it becomes necessary to seek support from such person.
b. The pharmacist
Additional support is taken from pharmacists for medicines that are new in market. For
example, a medication professional have heard about a new medicine that is not available easily
then additional support from pharmacist is taken.
c. The individual's GP
General practitioner is medical doctor that treats acute or chronic illnesses as well as
provides preventive care to patients. The assistance from individual's GP is required in situation
that is chronic in nature. For example, medical condition which needs urgent as well as specialist
treatment needs additional assistance from such person when administering medication.
Q19. Explaining why it is important to support individuals to administer their own medication
It is significant to support people for administering their own medication because it
maintains their independence as well as encourage them to involve in taking prescribed
medicines timely to get treated as earlier as possible (Kavanagh, 2017).
Q20. Identification of key points of legislation along with guidance that relate to self
administration of medication
There are various points of legislation and guidance that are associated with self
administration of medication. Some of the points or pieces of legislation and guidances are as
follows:
Medicine Act, 1968:
 Prescription related medicines that only be supplied on instruction to the person so that
no other can be purchased and consumed.
 Pharmacy only medicines must be buyed from registered primary care pharmacy.
 General sale list related medicines should be obtained or purchased from prescribed
medical store.
The Control of Substances hazardous to heath regulation, 2002:
 Finding self the key hazards and making decisions to prevent harm to own health.
 Keeping all controls in systematic working order.
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 Taking information, consultation and instructions from various sources while
administering self so to plan for emergencies.
Q21. Case study
a.
The points that should be considered while carrying out risk assessment so to enable
Michael to administer his own medications are choice of the person, dispensing of medications,
correct timings and dosage of medications and review of assessment. All the related information
including tests, CT Scan and others must also be provided to Michael.
b.
The conditions which should be in place for supporting Michael for administering his
own medication are independence, support from respite care, mobility as well as individual care
in limited term. Moreover, Michael in educated enough to administer his own medication.
c.
The records which must be kept in context to medication of Michael is Clinical record
which is wide document generated on behalf of all health professionals which are involved in
care of a person (Yao and Et. Al., 2016). In context to Michael, some of clinical records are
handwritten clinical records, electronic clinical records, laboratory results, photographs, consent
forms, scanned records video and audio recording. All the personal correspondence such as
faxes, emails, letters and text messages sent among hospital and practice are provided to
Michael.
Q22. Description of actions that would be taken in line with agreed ways of working when
following situations are faced
a. An error when administering medication
In this situation, action that professional medical care would take is letting the patient and
family know the error, notifying the rest members of care team, documenting the error as well as
reporting it to safety committee. Committing error while administering medication is one of
situation that is experienced in medicine field.
b. An individual refused their prescribed medication
When a person refuses their prescribed medication then action that would be taken is
talking to their pharmacist and GP as these may suggest form or substitute of medicine which is
more acceptable by a person then prescribed tablets.
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c. Accidentally dropped medication on the floor
In this situation, action that must be taken is disposing of medicine through returning
them to suppliers. Also, the floor must be cleaned properly with suitable chemicals in order to
reduce the harm or impacts on others.
d. Notice of a discrepancy with medication records
When some discrepancy is noticed in medication records them the information must be
provided to higher authorities. These discrepancies must be corrected within limited time frame
to avoid any further mistakes or errors.
Q23. Outline of actions that would be taken when an individual finds difficult to swallow tablets
or capsules
Key actions which would be taken at the time when an individual finds complexities in
swallowing capsules or tablets are as follows:
 Filling a glass or cup with water.
 Placing capsule or tablet on tongue.
 Taking medium drink of water, but abstain from consumption.
 Closing mouth as well as tilting the chin down towards chest (Huq, Mollah and Sajal,
2018).
 Keeping chin along with head down and swallowing both capsule and water together.
Other then these, a person can also consume tablet of capsule by converting it into power
or liquid and then mixing it into food for the purpose of consumption.
Q24. Explantation of the ways in which support is provided to best interests of individual that
was not able to consent to their prescribed medication
To best interest people that fails to take consent to their prescribed medication, support is
provided through sharing other kind of medication or some substitutes that suits to the consent.
Moreover, there people are also supported by providing them list of medical professionals that
understand their situation and accordingly prescribe medication which suits them.
Q25. Procedures should be followed when administering controlled drugs
Controlled drugs includes various strong painkillers including morphine, tranquillisers,
stimulants and so on. When administering controlled drugs, following are the procedures
followed:
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 Documenting all indications for controlled drugs in person's care record.
 Analysing records related person having controlled drugs and their dosage.
 Focusing on past and present conditions of the person.
 Considering ongoing clinical requirements of person so to determine whether dose
reduction is needed or not (Yue, Kopajtic and Katz, 2018).
 According to the situations, making changes and prescribing other drugs so that good
balance is attained among clinical effects addition to side effects.
 Discussing with an individual about arrangements to review and monitor further
treatment for clinical as well as adverse effects.
Q26. Describing the ways to monitor effects of medication on each person and the condition it is
prescribed for
There are various ways to monitor impacts of medication on all people and the situation
prescribed for. More than half of global population takes prescribed medication on regular basis.
The effects of medication on each person is done through measuring measuring blood level of
drug for the situation or disease it is prescribed to a person. There are two ways to monitor
impacts of medication. One is direct measure and second is indirect measure. For example, in the
situation of fever, medication prescribed includes acetaminophen, asprin or ibuprin. There effects
are monitored through taking samples, conducting tests, analysing report and communicating
information to patient. Moreover, Therapeutic drug monitoring is also a way that is used to
monitor effects of some medication of all people.
Q27. Giving examples of how physiological measures are used for monitoring effects or need for
particular medication
In medication work, physiological measures are used to analyse, evaluate and monitor
reactions of an individual. Physiological measures are used for monitoring needs of specific
medication through observing people, breathing rate, skin colour, blood sugar levels and pulse
rate. These measures comprises one of one such as body temperature, respiratory rate and so on.
For example, for the purpose of monitoring body temperature, Thermometers are used to
measure and monitor fundamental quantity of organic structure (Armougum and Et. Al., 2020).
Moreover, heart rate is monitored with wireless monitor that is strapped around chest or read out
fitness tracker worn on wrist. To monitor changes in skin colour, physiological measure used is
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Mexameter that is narrow band reflectance spectrometer which uses photo detection for
monitoring changes through different light wavelengths that is reflected by skin.
Q28. Common side effects of widely used medicines
1. Death: In context to widely used medical devises, there are consumer products that
leads to cause health issues that may result to death. It is one of common side effect of most of
medicine that are consumed worldwide.
2. Constipation: It is also a side effect of wide;y used medicines. It happens for multiple
reasons including when stool passes by colon too slowly. There are many types of medicines
which increases risk of constipation.
3. Dry mouth: It is symptom of side side of widely consumed medicine in which people
with dry mouth lacks enough saliva for keeping their mouth wet. There are various prescription
medications that cause dry mouth within individuals.
4. Headache: It is common negative effect when an individual consumes many types of
medicines at same time. When a person is looking towards culprit of throbbing pain, they are
required to jot down the list of medicines they are taking.
5. Insomnia: This is sleep disorder which regularly impacts millions of people globally.
Using diverse medicines leads to finding difficulty to either fall asleep and remaining asleep.
Q29. Explaining what is adverse reaction
In administering medication, adverse reaction refers to any type of unexpected as well as
dangerous reaction to specific drug. In other words, it is defined to any sort of injury caused by
taking or using medication. The reaction generally occurs at the time when drug is administered
in not proper manner to a patient. Onset related to adverse reaction can be sudden or develop
with time. It is also popular with the names of adverse drug reaction, adverse drug event and
adverse effect.
Q30a. Describing actions which should be takes if a person experienced side effects when taking
medication
The actions which should be taken by an individual at the time they experiences side
effects medication are as follows:
 Contacting with the specialist and providing them details about the side effects of
medication.
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 Taking appropriate medicine to reduce the side effect (Knopf, 2018).
 Leaving the effects as they are and taking recommendations from healthcare provider for
further treatments.
Q30b. Explaining actions which should be taken if an individual experienced adverse reaction at
the time of taking medication
There are various actions that are necessary fro a person to take in situation when they
faces adverse reaction of medication. Some are as follows:
 Arranging emergence hospital admission when the medication effect is serious and
threatening to life.
 Assessing whether adverse medication reaction is managed at primary care.
 Considering seeking specialist advice.
Q31. Outlining the ways medication reviews should be carried out in context to national
guidelines
The ways in which medication reviews must be carried out in relevance to national
guidelines are as outlined:
 Medication reconciliation on admission: As per National guidelines, first step to carry
forward medication review is medication reconciliation on admission.
 Explicit reviewing tool: The next is analysing explicit reviewing tools that are used in
review process so that medication is carried out effectively.
 Medication reconciliation on discharge: At last, medication recognition on discharge is
last stage wherein all the reviews are further executed for medication.
Q32. Explaining the ways outcomes of monitoring should be recorded and reported
Within administering medication, results or outcomes should be recorded and reported in
systematic, understandable and convenient manner. To record the outcomes, proper format
should be used and effective use of Medication Administration Record or eMAR should be done.
At same time, for reporting purposes, incident reporting and public reporting mechanisms should
be used in this context (Odberg, Hansen and Wangensteen, 2019).
Q33. Describing requirements for medication transactions as well as stock levels in context to:
a. Role of pharmacist
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For the role of pharmacists, medication transactions and stock levels are required so to
make more profits and satisfying patients or customers by providing demanded medicines
promptly.
b. Manufacturer's Instructions
In relevance to manufacturer’s instructions, medical transactions as well as stock level
are required to produce medicines according to orders of clients and selling maximum inventory.
c. Organisational policies
For organisational policies, stock level and medical transactions are required to set
business culture, structure and so on so that employees motivated perform and manager stocks at
workplace.
d. Inspections as well as external audits
In association to inspections and external audits, medical transactions addition to external
audits are needed as it provide insights about business and its performance in the industry. At
same time, stock level is required to cross check financial with physical inventory (Sutherland
and Phipps, 2020).
e. Legal requirements
In legal requirement, medical transactions and stock level are required to analyse whether
all practices are performed as per latest implemented laws so that no misuse or violation arrises.
Q34. Explaining how medication is recorded on:
a. Receipt
In receipts, medication is recorded by MAR chart which is a working document widely
used in recording medication. It is devised by the pharmacy at the time as well as delivering with
medication.
b. Administration
In context to administration, medication is recorded through electronic system or
software in which some information about patients are inserted so to keep proper records in well-
structured format. In this, option of selecting relevant medication is clicked and date with time of
medication are entered for recoding purposes.
c. Disposal
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In disposal, medication are recorded by in records related to disposing medicine which
ensures that all medicines are handled effectively at the time of disposing. In this records
includes date, time, place and reason of disposition.
Q35. Describing key aspects of record keeping in an environment where medicine is used for:
a. Documentation
Key aspects to keep record in an environment in which medication is used for
documentation are context, business situation, version or copy, form and organisation (Leshner
and Dzau, 2019). Accurate record keeping in documentation details out aspects to patient
monitoring and contributes in circulation of information properly.
b. Correct recording
Key aspects in this situation are creation of full along with accurate records and involving
storing so to make available information to required personality promptly. It also includes
discharge or transfer letters, assessment of patient forms and handover sheets.
c. Signature
Key aspects of keeping records in circumstance of signature are name of authoriser,
signature or mark of thumb and date. Signature is element of medication prescription which
gives directions to be followed through patient in taking medicine. Signature gives permission to
provide medications and name of professional for evidence purpose in record keeping.
Q36. Outlining requirements of regulatory authorities in context to medication record keeping
Freedom of Information Act (2000), Public Records Act (1958) and many more plays
significant responsibilities in medication record keeping. Regulatory authorities are required in
record keeping of medication as they are responsible to direct proper record keeping and
providing information to authorised personality. The regulatory authorities have obligations for
meeting legal requirements for retention addition to disposal of records as per relevant
legislations.
Q37. Identification of information which needs to be recorded for medication reconciliation in
relation to each individual
The information that requires to be recorded for medical reconciliation for each person
includes drug name, frequency, route, dosage and comparison of the list with physician’s
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admission, discharge orders and transfer. It also includes information about purpose to provide
adequate medication to a patient at all transition points in hospital.
Q38. Outlining requirements for frequency and content of medication reviews
Frequency of multidisciplinary medication reviews is required to asses information about
heath and care for the resident along with necessary safety being important factor to decide the
duration of reviews (Scher, Rizzoli and Loder, 2017). At same time, content is required in
medication reviews to help medication being authentic. These help preventing drastic reactions
from medications as well as improve medical situation of patient.
Q39. Explaining why all records concerned with medication must be kept up to date
It is important to keep all records related to medication updated as often times, there are
various changes in medications. Updated records ensures continuity of care for patients and are
required for legal purposes such as any patient pursues claim about money charged more than in
this, updated records helps in defending the company or medication system. Moreover, it is
important for healthcare establishments to keep their records updated as it provides a window on
clinical judgements that are exercised at a duration.
Q40. Outlining key points of legislation relating to confidentiality for:
a. Who records what, where and when
Data security and privacy act (1997) is the piece of legislation that defines the
information about what is recorded, when is recorded, who is recording and where is recorded.
The privacy law deals with regulations about storing and using personal information (Veseth,
Stige and Binder, 2019).
b. Who has access to records
The Medical Reports Act (1988) is the element of legislation that states which have
access to records in healthcare system. The legislation gives patients right to see their medical
reports and employees the purpose of employment.
c. Individual rights
Human Rights Act (1998) is the element of legislation which sets out fundamental rights
along with freedom to all individual for confidentiality
d. Maintaining Confidentiality
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The General Data Protection Regulation (2016) is an element of legislation which
regulates usage of data for balancing person’s right to confidentiality as well as requirements of
company for the usage. The key point of the legislation is that it builds trust and meets obligation
of organisation to keep information secure.
Q41. Identification of own role in maintaining confidentiality and keeping information secure
Administration role is effective to maintain confidentiality as well as keeping information
of people secure. In this role, all the information about an employee or patient is recorded in
computer system to secure it from misuse as well as maintains confidentiality by restricting
others to gain access. The role is obliged for adhering policies and confidentiality agreements to
keep information about clients, customers and others secure (Qurat-ul-ain Shaheen and Bowles,
2020).
Q42. Defining the terms
a. Accountability
Accountability refers to liability, answerability, governance, expectation and
blameworthiness of account giving. In other words, it is when an individual experiences
consequences for their actions along with performance. Accountability is all about ability to
report on experiences and tasks. In this, activities are assigned on the basis of individual’s
competence and potentials. It is the duty to give account on workings after their completion.
b. Responsibility
Responsibility is defined to an obligation of a person for performing duty assigned to
them. It is an act to being accountable or blame for something. The term is denoted to being
answerable for something in one’s control, management and power. Responsibility cannot be
technically assigned to others and it is specifically work behaviour that includes who have what
functions and what should be done for achieving success. It is an essential duty for performing,
responding and completing tasks.
Q43. Explaining importance of accountability in medication
In medication, accountability is important as it eliminates time addition to efforts spend on
distracting practices as well as other unproductive behaviours. When medical practitioners and
professional re accountable for their actions, they effectively values their working and enhances
skills and confidence of team members. It fosters culture among staff to being accountable for
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their working that yields high performing company. Within medication, an accountable person is
responsible for other workings related to treating a patient and assisting the establishment in
achieving set business purposes within defined duration (Staats, Tranvåg and Grov, 2018).
Q44. Describing responsibilities of different people involved in storage or administration of
medication
Storage or administration are key operations in medication work. In context to people
involved in administration of medication, they are responsible to ensure that all medication
which they administers is right drug, for right patient, prescribed in right dose as well as right
preparation at accurate duration (Visacri, Figueiredo and de Lima, 2020). Along with this, people
involved in storage or administration work of medication have key responsibilities of managing
pharmacy staff, consulting with patients, overseeing prescriptions, adhering controlled substance
legislations, maintaining protocols, managing inventory, collecting payments, keeping
medication well organised and consulting with physicians.
Q45. Outlining potential consequences of not following agreed ways of working as set by an
employer
When agreed or defined steps of working provided by an employer are not followed then
potential consequences are as follows:
 Low quality of work: When an employee do not act or perform as per set criteria of
work then it leads to poor quality of work.
 Delays in work completion: Agreed ways defines the schedule within which a person
have to complete working within specified duration. However, when a person do not
comply with set guidance of employer then it results in delaying overall work.
 Demotivate others: When one person do not comply with set workings of employer then
it demotivate others at workplace. A demotivated person never gives productive results
which results in unrealistic or unexpected outcomes.
Q46. Explaining importance of working within limitation of own role
The importance related to performing with limitations of own role is that it helps in
carrying out activities in the manner they are performed without any requirements of changes or
alternation. It is also important because it assist in practising work effectively within limitations
of the role and attaining expected outcomes (Darlington, 2018). For example, there are various
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limitations in administration role and working with the limitations is significant as performing
with limitations of own builds reputation of dependability, strong work relationships, access to
particular role benefits, searching right fit and opportunities for advancement.
Q47. What is a medicine related safeguarding incident
Medicine related safeguarding incident refers to any event or occasion in which expected
course of actions in support or administration of medications are not adhered properly.
Moreover, safeguarding issues for managing medication can comprise deliberate withholding of
medicines without valid reason or incorrect use of medicines for reasons other than benefits
including deliberate attempt to harm others by suing medicine.
Q48. Describing requirements for reporting and recording medicines related safeguarding
incidents.
Medication incidents have crucial implications on safety of a patient. When some
medication related safeguarding incident is noticed, then it is significant to report so to disclose
medication errors as well as encouraging safe practices. Also, reporting creates a fear among
people that are planning or performing such kind of incident. At same time, recording medicine
related safeguarding incident is required as it act as proof that something unexpected is done by
others to cause harm by suing medicines (Tucker, 2016).
Q49. Examples of changing in practice which would be executed as outcome of medicines
related safeguarding incident
An example of changes in practice that will be executed as result of medicine related
safeguarding incident is adding more medicines on prescriptions than required for a disease.
While treating a patient, unknowingly a doctor or medical care practitioner increase dosage of
drugs or medicine of a person to cure a disease which impacts diverse on the health of patient.
The example includes necessary changes in frequency, dosage and others that may harm the
body by medicines (Saloner, Feder and Krawczyk, 2017).
Q50. Explaining importance of reporting adverse effects of medication using “Yellow card
Scheme”
In medication work, Yellow Card Scheme is an UK system to gather information related
to suspected drug reactions to medicines. It allows safety of vaccines together with vaccines
which are on market for monitoring purpose. Health care system depends on detecting and
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reporting of suspected ADRs for the purpose of determining new reactions, recording frequency
that are reported and evaluating factors which can increase risk (Jussab, 2018). It is important to
report adverse effects of medication with the help of Yellow Card Scheme because it assist in
providing early warning which is safety of medicine may need for further investigation.
Moreover. reporting side effects of medication through the scheme results in rapid detection as
well as recording adverse reactions. It helps in identifying unrecognised hazards promptly as
well as taking appropriate regulatory actions for ensuring that medicines are used with safety and
reducing their negative effects.
CONCLUSION
From the discussion, it is concluded that medication safety as well as taking
precautionary actions are important for preventing overdoses, adverse reactions and death. The
key legislations and guidances that are required in administration of medication are The
Medicines Act, 1968 and The Control of Substances hazardous to heath regulation, 2002. It is
significant for follow instructions given by individual, manufacturer, pharmacist, prescriber and
organisation while preparing and administering medication.
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