Key Concepts Impacting on People with Mental Health Issues and their Support

This paper critically analyzes the key concepts impacting individuals with mental disorders and their support. It covers the definition and historical background of mental illness, biomedical and psychological models in mental health, and treatment options available. The paper also highlights the role of nurses in mental illness cases.

Running Head: KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH
ISSUES AND THEIR SUPPORT
Key Concepts Impacting on People with Mental Health Issues and their Support
Students Name
University Affiliation
Date

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 2
Table of contents
Contents
Table of contents..............................................................................................................................2
Key Concepts Impacting on People with Mental Health Issues and their Support.........................2
Introduction..................................................................................................................................2
Definition and Background History of Mental Illness....................................................................3
Definition of Mental Illness.........................................................................................................3
Historical Background of Mental Illness.....................................................................................4
Biomedical and Psychological Models in Mental Health................................................................7
Biomedical Model........................................................................................................................8
Biopsychosocial Model................................................................................................................8
An Important Transition...............................................................................................................9
World Health Organization policy on mental health.....................................................................10
Treatment and Support for Mental Illness.....................................................................................11
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Model of Beck and Rector for Mental Illness..........................11
Orem’s Theory...........................................................................................................................12
Tidal Recovery Model...............................................................................................................13
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................13
References......................................................................................................................................14
Key Concepts Impacting on People with Mental Health Issues and their Support
Introduction

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 3
For one to understand what mental disorder is, one has to know the precise meaning of
mental is (Berzins et al. 2018). Mental health is described as the state of individual wellbeing.
Moreover, mental health is described as the state of psychological as well as emotional wellbeing
in which a person can fully utilize his or her emotional and cognitive abilities, fulfill his or her
daily demands, and effectively operate in society.
On the other hand, mental illness is emotional, psychological, and behavioral disorders
which affect the mind of an individual. It is key to note that mental illness is very hard to avoid.
There are various types of mental illness happening to individuals in society. Currently, there
have been concepts which have significantly impacted on the people with mental disorders as
well as their support. The aim of this paper, thus, is to critically analyze the key concepts which
have impacted on individuals with mental disorders and their support.
To effectively understand the various key concepts that impact on the people with mental
issues and their support, I will analyze political, historical changes and present occurrences affect
the understanding of mental illness and the support services. I will start by giving a precise
definition of mental illness, background history of mental illness, the different types of mental
illness. Moreover, I will compare the biomedical model to the psychological and
biopsychological model. I will also highlight the sociological and psychological impacts of
mental illness on people and the available and accessing treatments options available to
individuals with mental disorders. I will use the tidal recovery model and Orem’s theory to help
in analyzing the aim of the topic. Lastly, I will pinpoint the role of nurses in mental illness cases.

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 4
Definition and Background History of Mental Illness
Definition of Mental Illness
There are numerous types of mental illness in the United Kingdom, and depending on the
various description of mental illness, 11% or 27% of individuals in the country are considered to
have suffered from mental illness at some stage of their lines in the country. Mental illness does
occur in the lives of human beings just like any other disease (Brooks et al. 2018). According to
the World Health Organization, Mental health is described as the state in the wellbeing of an
individual in which he or she realizes his or her capabilities, the individual can withstand and
cope with the normal life stresses and can fruitfully as well as productively contribute to the
community. Mental health issues or mental ill health is usually broad from individual grief,
experience, and worries which happen daily to the complete loss an individual touch, suicidal
depression. There are numerous issues which impact individuals’ mental health such as his or her
social status, physical health, his or her genetic and environmental factors. These issues make
individuals vulnerable to developing mental ill health in some states of their lives. However, it is
prudent to note that most of the people who suffer from mental illness do recover or can learn to
effectively manage their mental ill health and live a fulfilled as well as meaningful lives. Mental
illness is a term which is used to describe and refer to the whole spectrum of diagnosed health
conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar, depression, psychosis or anxiety. most of the mental
illness symptoms are divided into two major groups such as psychotic or neurotic symptoms.
Nevertheless, there are no strict differences between the severe as well as common symptoms of
mental ill health. Some of the mental illness does occur both as psychotic and neurotic
symptoms.

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 5
Historical Background of Mental Illness
Psychiatry history in the post-war in the United Kingdom can be narrated through two
intertwined stories, that is, the process of decarceration as well as the development of
psychopharmacology (Stapley, Target & Midgley, 2017). The stories share with increased
histories of 19th century psychiatry an issue with the concepts of asylum population level,
treatments, confinements, and rights. Even though the mentioned tropes have revealed the
various facets of the psychiatry history, there is a sharp difference between the management of
mental ill health and disorders that define the services in the United Kingdom mental health and
the single-issue mythologies at the beginning of the 21st century. The rapidity, as well as the
reforms which have taken place in the mental health sector, has left numerous enhancements in
service design, medico-legal practice, legislation, social policy, service delivery as well as
healthcare practice devoid of systematic historical evaluation (Givan, 2016).
The new focus on service delivery like recovery, wellbeing, person-centered care,
inadequate historical setting, service user’s involvement and the rise in psychological have
characterized the changes in mental health. The history of mental health which was structured
around the right to liberty as well as the right to mental health has become complicated and
complex due to the rise in various organizing groups like the equality, inclusion, costs, needs,
and risks that are used in defining the competing mental health service visions. There have been
various changes in mental health in the United Kingdom.

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 6
The mental services can be traced back to around 1247. It was at this time that a monastic
priory was established in London. The priory offered shelter to the mentally ill patients as well as
the infirm from about 1331. In 1676, London commissioned and started establishing new
buildings and built Bethlem hospital which was the first healthcare center for the insane
individuals in the country. However, various concerns were raised regarding the treatment of the
mentally ill patients which led to the creation of various political and charitable social policies.
In 1807, county asylums were set up to look into the state of mental illness. The Wynn Act of
1808 was formulated to create various asylums to cater to the needs of the lunatics. The asylums
were majorly built on the outskirts of cities to offer a rural retreat for the mentally ill individuals.
In 1890, the Lunacy Act was enacted which created the parameters for offering legal system, and
admission in which an individual had to be confirmed and certified to be insane before being
admitted to the asylums (Dobbing, 2016). Thus, the asylums were considered as places of last
resort rather than for mental recovery.
To offer solutions to the issues of asylums, the country enacted in 1930 mental treatment
act which allowed voluntary admissions. Thus, encouraging patients to come up with
departments for outpatients for the evaluation of individuals who were to be admitted voluntarily
as asylum patients. The mental treatment Act of 1930 led to the establishment of about 25 mental
health outpatient department in the country. The figure further increased to about 165 in 1935.
The mental health Act of 1959, as well as the hospital Plan of 1962, portended the neglect of
asylum as well as the assimilation of the mental health care into the greater hospital system —
most of the services that developed afterward started against the reorganization of the local
government and NHS (Millard & Ougrin, 2017). The Lunacy Act of 1980 stated that the asylum

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 7
was to be the last resort for the mentally ill patients but not act as a means to their recovery.
Before the Lunacy Act of 1980, mentally ill patients lived in asylums where their rights were
highly restricted and received inhuman treatments. Some of the patients were housed in various
prisons in the country. The Lunacy Act of 1980 allowed the treatments of mentally ill patients
without having the certification requirements which were needed before the patient could be
treated. Before the Lunacy Act of 1980, there was some legislation like the Mental Act of 1959
which stipulated the implementation of the Royal Commission report on the law concerning
mental deficiency and mental disorder. The Enoch Powel of 1961 which initiated the abolition of
the asylum system. In 1968, the social work profession was established by the local authority
committee and the allied individual social services.
Alongside the various reforms in the mental health sector in the country, there were
paradigm shifts in the provision of services which were based in the communities for the
mentally ill patients like the daily services, supported shelter as well as the society based social
and healthcare workers (Wilding, Martin, & Moon, 2018). In the 1990s, the country’s attention
shifted to the increased fear from the charitable concerns of the various groups. The formulation
and execution of the Care Programme Approach that has offered a basic framework in the mental
health service operations tried to enhance the continuity of healthcare for individuals with mental
illness. The National Service Framework for mental ill health has pinpointed a host of new
societal mental health programs which are designed to interlink with the existing society’s health
groups.

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 8
Biomedical and Psychological Models in Mental Health
When an individual visits a mental healthcare center to receive an examination for his or
her symptom, the professional identifies a particular condition or set of conditions affecting the
person. Nevertheless, what most people do not know or go unnoticed is that regardless of the
clinician examining the client, the examination will be influenced and be determined by
treatment model which the clinician sticks to (Deacon, 2013). Every professional healthcare
learns about illness as well as health in a particular manner, yet there is every possibility that this
concept does not correlate with the how a clinician will view the patient. Having these healthcare
variables in mind is very vital when a successful and effective is needed as the end goal.
Biomedical Model
The biomedical model was initiated in around 20th century and states that all illness can
be explained through certain sort of abnormal cells (Bendelow, 2010). The model describes
health as a comprehensive absence of defect, pain or illness. The model was established under
the assumption that mental disorders have physical causes (Sercu & Bracke, 2017). There are
various identified biomedical explanations for the mental illness causes like the genetical
problems; neurological problems or misuse of substances. Mental illness also has signs and
symptoms just like other diseases. For instance, an individual with depression can be affected by
the change in moods as well as the change in the way he or she eats, sleep alteration, etc. since
this model assumes that causes of mental illness are biomedical, treatment and recovery process
must also be medical like the use of antidepressants, psychosurgery.
It should be noted that treatment of mental illness through the use of drugs have been
viewed as the universal health intervention for numerous problems. The model has enhanced the

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 9
establishment of psychiatry. Nevertheless, the model has been criticized on numerous occasions.
Some of the critics argue that it leads to the medicalization of some common anomalies of
mental health.
Biopsychosocial Model
The biopsychosocial model is prudently named since it has three vital components, that
is, social, psychological and biological concepts (Samoborec et al. 2018). Health concept is thus,
seen as a balance between social, psychological and biological factors. The Biopsychosocial
model was proposed as an alternative to the biomedical model. To effectively understand and
comprehend an individual’s mental health, clinicians must recognize all the components
affecting the person both positively and negatively to have a complete and better picture of the
whole wellbeing and health (Alladin, 2009). The model has been hailed as effective when
looking at the causes of mental disorders. The model links the outside environment of an
individual with his or her psyche and biology (Simpson-Adkins & Daiches, 2018). Thus, the
model involves an individual’s behaviors, sentiments, and consciousness. One of the vital
reasons why the model is important is because it explains how individuals who are healthy can
have mental disorders and why certain individuals are more prone to mental disorders as
compared to others. People who are considered mentally sound do exercise (McKay et al. 2012),
have strong social bonds, and energy which helps them not to suffer from mental disorder. The
model offers evidence that even though an individual can be mentally sound at a given stage of
their life, they may still have a mental disorder if their social, biological and psychological
balance is altered or disturbed (Kinderman et al. 2013). According to this model, linkages

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 10
between an individual genetic makeup, sociocultural environment, and mental health contribute
to his or her experience of illness or health.
An Important Transition
Because of the shifting issue in healthcare to mental affliction from infectious illness, the
Biopsychosocial model has slowly become the common standard of analyzing illnesses. The new
model seeks to give more explanations instead of narrowing explanations down. The
biopsychosocial model also promotes the concept of the connection between the mind and body
which pinpoints the relationship between the mental as well as the physical process in situations
of illness, overall health, and recovery processes. Empirical evidence has highlighted the failures
of the biomedical model. The conventional view is well-organized in scientific evidence which
has pushed and motivated the development of empirically supported modalities as well as
methods like drug trials (McCarthy & McDonald, 2009). Nevertheless, the strictness has led to
the lack of invention in the field of medicine.
Moreover, it has established a glaring division between the healthcare practitioners and
scientists. In spite of these limitations, numerous clinicians still apply the model because of its
focused reasoning and longstanding history. Biopsychosocial model has also faced opposition
with the critics claiming that it is complicated as well as broad. Empirical research has indicated
that most studies do not adhere to the strict health definition and numerous elements are
subjective and not measurable. Some critics also believe that the model was only necessary for
the the medical invention, yet the new model emphasizes on the treatment of an individual and
shifts away from the electric concepts (Gathright et al. 2016). The all-inclusive characteristic of

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 11
Biopsychosocial model is a direct and sustainable solution to the biomedical model (Black &
Hoeft, 2015).
World Health Organization policy on mental health
In numerous countries individuals do not have adequate access to fundamental mental
health care as well as recovery and treatment they need. Most of the available mental health care
services are found in psychiatric centers which have been marred with gross, and serious
violation of human rights. Mentally ill patients are excluded from the society as well as denied
basic rights like clothing, food and, shelter. World Health Organization guided by the
Convention of the rights of the persons with disabilities came up with various policies to protect
people with disabilities including mentally ill patients. The policy requires that awareness should
be done as well as advocating for behavioral change toward mentally ill patients.
Treatment and Support for Mental Illness
Treating individuals with mental illness like schizophrenia has been widely met with
disdain because of the inception. Emil Kraepelin was the first healthcare expert to examine
schizophrenia as well as described it as dementia praecox. In his view, the illness had to disorder
degenerating from the brain with no exact direction for treatment and recovery. He believed that
if any healthcare professional had found a recovery path, then there was a case of misdiagnosis.
The assumption of Kraepelin was challenged by Dr. Bleuler who discovered that the disorder
was thinking disorganization instead of dementia. The discovery of Dr. Bleuler offered hope to
the recovery process of the disorder. Around 1939, the available treatment options for mentally

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 12
ill patients included insulin shock surgeries, lobotomies as well as electroconvulsive therapy
(ECT).
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Model of Beck and Rector for Mental Illness
Cognitive behavioral therapy model which was constructed by Beck and Rector had the intention
of meeting the particular needs of people having a mental illness like schizophrenia. The model
assists the mentally ill individual to become aware of the stressors of his or her illness and how
he or she should respond and perceive such stressors (Jones et al., 2012). The model helps the
patients in understanding their symptoms as well as recognizing that they are not suffering alone.
For example, one can have delusional beliefs by lack of consensual validation resulting in
paranoia. Hallucinations is equated to inadequate sleep. CBT has offered a glimmer of hope to
mentally ill patients in their recovery paths by aiding them in evaluating their beliefs concerning
their symptoms. Low self-efficacy may interfere with one’s ability to examine his or her
symptoms like hallucinations and voices (Botting, Durkin, Toseeb, Pickles & Conti, 2016). For
instance, hallucination is an individual’s misinterpretation of his or her thoughts. Sadly, mentally
ill patients are normally separated from the rest of the community as being crazy and, in the
process, enduring stigmatization as well as discrimination (Reiter, Dobmeyer & Hunter, 2018).
Most of them eventually view themselves as outcasts in the community and see themselves as
not able to recover from their illness. To effectively treat mental illness, professional
psychiatrists must address the challenge of low self-efficacy and self-esteem which have been
described as vital factors in the treatment process (McCabe et al. 2018).

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 13
Orem’s Theory
Human beings have in one point of their lives been at a situation in which they cannot
cope with the stressors of life, and thus, confining themselves in a cage from which it is hard to
challenge or come out of the trap. People lack interests in such situations in taking care of
themselves making them partially or wholly dependent on other people’s care (Seed &
Torkelson, 2012). The nurse, thus, plays a great role in taking care of the patient. A similar
situation happened in the hospital setting through the application of Orem theory which led to
improved changes to the patient. Orem theory is a combination of various concepts like self-care
deficit, nursing system concept and self-care concept; the three concepts focus on the recovery of
the patient. The self-care concept emphasizes the individuals self-reasoning as well as the ability
to effectively take care of themselves (Lucock et al., 2011). The self-care concept further
focusses on the limitation of an individual as well as the assistance of healthcare providers in the
treatment and recovery process. The self-care deficit concept emphasizes the assistance of the
nurses’ care in the recovery processes of patients. The nursing system concept emphasizes the
team spirit of nurses, that is, the mental health nurses like you and me, and other healthcare
professionals. All the healthcare providers must unite in aiding the mentally ill patients.
Tidal Recovery Model
The tidal recovery model is a midrange model of nursing which was developed by Poppy
Buchanan-Barker and Phil Barker in the United Kingdom (Barker, 2003; Young, 2010). Tidal
model is a recovery model that can be used as the foundation for holistic mental health care. It
offers a framework for the exploration of an individual’s needs for recovery as well as the
offering of care based on individual care. The model holds the assumption that there should

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 14
respect for one's wishes instead of being paternalistic. We as nurses should listen to the story of
every patient and take them as serious as we can. Nurses must appreciate the person-centered
approach in dealing with people with mental illness to listen to their voices.
Conclusion
It is very important to listen to the needs of people with mental illness and the understand
their recovery process. In this paper, I have learned that certain key concepts influence and
impact on people with mental illness. The political, historical and the present changes in mental
health have shaped my understanding of why various people have a mental illness. In the
treatment and recovery process, I have learned that there are certain important theories and
models like CBT which have to apply to aid in the full recovery of mentally ill patients.
References
Alladin, W 2009, ‘An ethno biopsychosocial human rights model for educating community
counselors globally,’ Counselling Psychology Quarterly, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 17–24,
Barker, P 2003, ‘The Tidal Model: Psychiatric colonization, recovery and the paradigm shift in
mental health care,’ International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 96–102,

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 15
Bendelow, G 2010, ‘Emotional health: challenging biomedicine or increasing health
surveillance?’, Critical Public Health, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 465–474,
Berzins, K, Baker, J, Brown, M & Lawton, R 2018, ‘A cross‐sectional survey of mental health
service users,’ carers’ and professionals’ priorities for patient safety in the United
Kingdom,’ Health Expectations, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1085–1094,
Black, JM & Hoeft, F 2015, ‘Utilizing Biopsychosocial and Strengths-Based Approaches Within
the Field of Child Health: What We Know and Where We Can Grow,’ New Directions for Child
& Adolescent Development, vol. 2015, no. 147, pp. 13–20,
Botting, N, Durkin, K, Toseeb, U, Pickles, A & Conti, RG 2016, ‘Emotional health, support,
and self-efficacy in young adults with a history of language impairment,’ British Journal of
Developmental Psychology, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 538–554
Brooks, HL, Lovell, K, Bee, P, Sanders, C & Rogers, A 2018, ‘Is it time to abandon care
planning in mental health services? A qualitative study exploring the views of professionals,
service users and carers’, Health Expectations, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 597–605,
Deacon, BJ 2013, ‘The biomedical model of mental disorder: A critical analysis of its validity,
utility, and effects on psychotherapy research,’ Clinical Psychology Review, vol. 33, no. 7, pp.
846–861,
Dobbing, C 2016, ‘An Undiscovered Victorian Institution of Care: A Short Introduction to the
Cumberland and Westmorland Joint Lunatic Asylum,’ Family & Community History, vol. 19,
no. 1, pp. 3–16,

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 16
Gathright, M, Holmes, K, Morris, E, Gatlin, D, Gathright, MM, Holmes, KJ, Morris, EM &
Gatlin, DA 2016, ‘An Innovative, Interdisciplinary Model of Care for Inpatient Child
Psychiatry: an Overview,’ Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, vol. 43, no. 4, pp.
648–660,
Givan, RK 2016, The Challenge to Change: Reforming Health Care on the Front Line in the
United States and the United Kingdom, Culture and Politics of Health Care Work, ILR Press,
Ithaca, NY,
Jones, S, Mulligan, LD, Law, H, Dunn, G, Welford, M, Smith, G & Morrison, AP 2012, ‘A
randomized controlled trial of recovery focused CBT for individuals with early bipolar
disorder,’ BMC Psychiatry, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 204–211,
Kinderman, P, Schwannauer, M, Pontin, E & Tai, S 2013, ‘Psychological Processes Mediate the
Impact of Familial Risk, Social Circumstances and Life Events on Mental Health,’ PLoS ONE,
vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 1–8,
Lucock, M, Gillard, S, Adams, K, Simons, L, White, R & Edwards, C 2011, ‘Self-care in mental
health services: a narrative review,’ Health & Social Care in the Community, vol. 19, no. 6, pp.
602–616,
McCabe, R, Whittington, R, Cramond, L & Perkins, E 2018, ‘Contested understandings of
recovery in mental health,’ Journal of Mental Health, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 475–481,
McCarthy, BW & McDonald, DO 2009, ‘Psychobiosocial versus biomedical models of
treatment: semantics or substance,’ Sexual & Relationship Therapy, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 30–37

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 17
McKay, R, McDonald, R, Lie, D & McGowan, H 2012, ‘Reclaiming the best of the
biopsychosocial model of mental health care and “recovery” for older people through a
“person-centered” approach,’ Australasian Psychiatry, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 492–495,
Millard, C & Ougrin, D 2017, ‘Narrative Matters: Self-harm in Britain post-1945: the evolution
of a new diagnostic category’, Child & Adolescent Mental Health, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 175–176,
Reiter, JT, Dobmeyer, AC & Hunter, CL 2018, ‘The Primary Care Behavioral Health (PCBH)
Model: An Overview and Operational Definition,’ Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical
Settings, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 109–126,
Samoborec, S, Ruseckaite, R, Ayton, D & Evans, S 2018, ‘Biopsychosocial factors associated
with non-recovery after a minor transport-related injury: A systematic review,’ PLoS ONE, vol.
13, no. 6, pp. 1–26,
Seed, MS & Torkelson, DJ 2012, ‘Beginning the Recovery Journey in Acute Psychiatric Care:
Using Concepts from Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory,’ Issues in Mental Health
Nursing, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 394–398,
Sercu, C & Bracke, P 2017, ‘Stigma, Social Structure, and the Biomedical Framework:
Exploring the Stigma Experiences of Inpatient Service Users in Two Belgian Psychiatric
Hospitals’, Qualitative Health Research, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 1249–1261,
Simpson-Adkins, GJ & Daiches, A 2018, ‘How Do Children Make Sense of their Parent’s
Mental Health Difficulties: A Meta-Synthesis,’ Journal of Child & Family Studies, vol. 27, no. 9,
pp. 2705–2716,

KEY CONCEPTS IMPACTING ON PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND
THEIR SUPPORT 18
Stapley, E, Target, M & Midgley, N 2017, ‘The Journey Through and Beyond Mental Health
Services in the United Kingdom: A Typology of Parents’ Ways of Managing the Crisis of Their
Teenage Child’s Depression,’ Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 73, no. 10, pp. 1429–1441,
Wilding, S, Martin, D & Moon, G 2018, ‘Place and preference effects on the association
between mental health and internal migration within Great Britain,’ Health & Place, vol. 52, pp.
180–187,
Young, BB 2010, ‘Using the Tidal Model of Mental Health Recovery to Plan Primary Health
Care for Women in Residential Substance Abuse Recovery,’ Issues in Mental Health Nursing,
vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 569–575,