Mental Health Disparity Research 2022

Running Head: MENTAL HEALTH DISPARITY
MENTAL HEALTH DISPARITY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1MENTAL HEALTH DISPARITY
Part A
Etiology and prevalence
The mental disorder that has been selected for this essay is depression. The most
prominent symptoms of the disorder include irritability, brooding, and constant rumination,
and panic diagnosis, phobia, unnecessary physical health concern, and pain
complaint.Maintaining a healthy outlook and maintaining the commitment needed to beat
depression can be challenging(Balsam et al., 2015).Obtaining aid plays a key role in
overcoming depression. It is a serious and extreme disorder of mood, also called as major
depressive disorder or clinical depression. Many suffering from it experience recurrent
feelings of hopelessness and sadness and lose enjoyment in once enjoyed hobbies (Myers et
al., 2015).The family of the U.S. Hispanic / Latino is very multicultural and contains
individuals from different countries and races. Although many have been living in the U.S.
for many years, others are recent immigrants who may face socioeconomic status gaps,
schooling, and availability to health care services(Mendoza, Masuda &Swartout, 2015).
Hispanics who are born in the U.S, record high rate of psychiatric disorders than the
Hispanic immigrants. Research has highlighted that the older Hispanic adults are particularly
prone to psychological stress related with immigration and acculturation, especially females
and Hispanic youth. Hispanics are likely to tell about the poor health care provider. Many
studies show that when interviewed in English as opposed to Spanish, bilingual patients are
judged differently and that Hispanic patients are more often under-treated. The DSM-5
outlines the criteria of having a depression diagnosis(Kulesza, Pedersen, Corrigan &
Marshall, 2015). During the same 2-week duration, the patient should experience five or
more symptoms and at least one of the symptoms should be either (1) depressed mood or (2)

2MENTAL HEALTH DISPARITY
loss of interest or pleasure. The selected population for the study of prevalence of depression
includes Hispanic females (Kimerling et al., 2015).
There are a series of bio-psychosocial factors that change the rate of depression
among the Hispanic women. Mental disorders have two basic etiological experiences: clinical
and psychosocial. The bio-psychosocial paradigm has sought to objectively combine these
two perspectives, reflecting their interconnection and interdependence.The bio-psychosocial
model is a multidisciplinary framework that explores how genetics, psychology, and socio-
environmental factors interconnect (Stockman, Hayashi & Campbell, 2015). The model
discusses how these factors play a role in topics ranging from models of health and disease to
human development. Depression ranks as the world's number one source of disability. The
Hispanic women are at increased risk than White or African American women for depression.
This is due in part to numerous health social determinants impacting people, households,
aggregates, and societies.
The biological factors that affect the rate of depression between the Hispanic women
includes the fact that neurological, hormonal, genetic, neuroendocrinological and
immunological mechanisms exist to play a part in the growth of major depression, many of
which focus on reactions to stressors and emotional information processing (Ault-Brutus &
Alegria, 2018). Sex and developmental factors can alter etiological processes. Etiological
depression models are essentially models of diathesis-stress in which traumatic conditions
cause depression in those individuals who are vulnerable due to biological or some
psychosocial characteristics and events. Depression-related environmental stressors include
traumatic life events, chronic stress, and childhood hardship exposure (Katiria, Perez &
Cruess, 2014). Depression-related social vulnerabilities include mental, behavioral, and
personality variables. In a bidirectional process, biological, environmental and personal