Mental Health FOP

This article discusses bipolar affective disorder, its pathophysiology, and nursing care priorities. It also explores the biopsychosocial factors influencing mental health.

Running head: MENTAL HEALTH FOP 1
Mental Health FOP
Name of the Student
Name of the Instructor
Course Code
Date

MENTAL HEALTH FOP 2
The answer to Question 1
The bipolar affective disorder is considered to be the psychological disease that consists
of severe kind of mood swings which results in affecting the mental setup of any individual. The
mood swings which used to take place results in the formation of mania that can last for a long
period of time. In case of any depression, it can be seen that the patients are in guilt, great
sadness, lack of sleep, and no appetite (Hayes et al. 2015). The physiology of the bipolar
affective disorder is regarded as the condition in which there has been the occurrence of extreme
mood swings followed by alteration within the states of depression and mania. These kinds of
mental disturbance are also accompanied by psychosis. The pathophysiology related to the Bi-
Polar Affective Disorder is regarded as the changes within the normal biochemical and
physiological functions that are related to the disorder (Palmier-Claus et al 2016). Most of the
scientist and clinicians are working hard for getting knowledge about the pathophysiology of the
bipolar affective disorder. In general, it has been identified that bipolar affective disorders has
been caused due to biological differences, genetics, hormones, and neurotransmitters.
The answer to Question 2
The bipolar affective disorder is regarded as the mood disorders which is associated with
one or more manic episodes with several periods of the normal functioning of the body parts.
The patients suffering from bipolar affective disorders are found to be at higher risks for suicide.
When the patients are within their manic phase during that time they are energized, agitated, and
their underlying depression allows them to inflict any kind of self-injury (Nabavi, Mitchell and
Nutt, 2015). The major duties of the nurses are about providing a safe environment for

MENTAL HEALTH FOP 3
improving the self-esteem thereby meeting the psychological requirements and guiding the
patients for maintaining an appropriate social behavior. The priorities of the nursing care related
to the scenario are as follows:
1. Risk related to the injury: Defenseless for damage because of natural conditions
associating with the person's versatile and protective assets, which may bargain
wellbeing.
2. Risk related to violence: In danger of practices in which an individual shows that he/she
can be physical, inwardly, or potentially explicitly unsafe to self.
3. Impairment of social interaction: The state within which an individual takes an interest
in an inadequate or over the top amount or insufficient nature of social trade.
4. Interruption within the family processes: Change in family connections as well as
working.
5. Ineffective coping of individuals: Failure to shape a substantial examination of the
stressors, lacking decisions of rehearsed reactions, as well as powerlessness to utilize
accessible assets.
6. The deficit of total self-care: the Disabled capacity to perform or finish
showering/cleanliness, dressing/prepping, encouraging, or toileting exercises for oneself.
The biopsychosocial model was first developed by Dr. George Engel and later on, it is
being accepted by the healthcare professionals dealing with mental health conditions. According
to the research, it has been identified that there are several biopsychosocial factors present that
can result in influencing the care of Marcus. As to organic elements, it is realized that

MENTAL HEALTH FOP 4
discouraged people are frequently fundamentally irritated with respect to endocrine (hormone),
invulnerable, and synapse framework working (Upthegrove et al. 2015). Mental components
impacting discouragement incorporate trademark antagonistic examples of reasoning,
deficiencies in adapting aptitudes, justice issues, and disabled enthusiastic insight that
discouraged individuals will in general show. Individuals can likewise wind up discouraged
because of social factors, for example, encountering horrible circumstances, early partition, the
absence of social help, or harassment.

MENTAL HEALTH FOP 5
References
Hayes, J.F., Miles, J., Walters, K., King, M., and Osborn, D.P.J., 2015. A systematic review and
meta‐analysis of premature mortality in bipolar affective disorder. Acta Psychiatrica
Scandinavica, 131(6), pp.417-425.
Nabavi, B., Mitchell, A.J. and Nutt, D., 2015. A lifetime prevalence of comorbidity between
bipolar affective disorder and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis of 52 interview-based studies of
the psychiatric population. biomedicine, 2(10), pp.1405-1419.
Palmier-Claus, J.E., Berry, K., Bucci, S., Mansell, W. and Varese, F., 2016. The relationship
between childhood adversity and bipolar affective disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis.
The British Journal of Psychiatry, 209(6), pp.454-459.
Upthegrove, R., Chard, C., Jones, L., Gordon-Smith, K., Forty, L., Jones, I. and Craddock, N.,
2015. Adverse childhood events and psychosis in bipolar affective disorder. The British Journal
of Psychiatry, 206(3), pp.191-197.