Understanding the Impact of Rental Fashion on Environment and Sustainability

This study aims to analyze the understanding of rental fashion and their impact on the environment and sustainability. It highlights the issue of current trends in the fashion industry from the perspective of fast fashion and their impact.

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Merchandise management
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the understanding of rental fashion and their impact on the
environment and sustainability. This is significant because it has been observed that the impact
of fast fashion is complex and far-reaching. This is important to note that form the water-
intensive cotton production to the process of untreated dyes, the process of textile production
contributes largely to the degradation of the environment. This has also been highlighted that the
fashion industry is the second largest contributors to the problem of environment pollution .with
the advent of the trend in fast fashion and the heightened level of consumerism, the level of
environment pollution has doubled. Hence the issue of sustainability and fast fashion is one of
the most crucial aspects of the fashion industry. This is also significant because the trend of
fashion rental has the potential for the reduction of harmful impact on the environment however
in reality, the harmful impact of the fashion industry has superseded the positive impact of
recycling of clothing, hence this study will be focusing on the issue of the gap between the fast
fashion and the issue of sustainability. This study will be highlighting the issue of current trends
in the fashion industry from the perspective of fast fashion and their impact. This study is
expected to be carried out by the development of through methodology and it will be completed
within the period of 24 weeks.

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Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................................1
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Rationale of the research.................................................................................................................4
Research aims and objectives..........................................................................................................4
Literature review..............................................................................................................................5
Sustainability and fast fashion.....................................................................................................5
Fast fashion and the environmental sustainability issue..............................................................8
Fashion rent business model and the development of the closed loop system........................10
Research methodology...................................................................................................................12
Research philosophy and research design.....................................................................................12
Data collection and sampling size.................................................................................................13
Ethical considerations....................................................................................................................13
Limitations of the study.................................................................................................................14
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................17

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Introduction
The aim of the paper is to present and prepare the research proposal on the issue of
fashion rental. This paper will be analyzing the nuances of the issues and the research will be
conducted by understanding the background of the same. This has been observed the trend
towards fashion rental is one of the significant events in the fashion industry. The change in
fashion trends with the present rapidity is the sole reason for the trend towards fashion rental.
This has been observed that change in fashion is happening in a nanosecond and there is an
enormous shift towards the way people live their life. This new way of life surrounded by the
presence of vigilance of camera and the demand of one outfit only once (Perlacia et al. 2016).
This has been also noticed that retailers from mid to small and to large houses have given an
opportunity to the people to experience with this ever-growing taste and preferences (Wu et al.
2015). Moreover it has also argued that the change in lifestyle has led to the change in the
fashion is accepted. However what is important to note here is that the concept of rental is not
new. This is one of the concepts associated with the trend for the high priced items that are used
for a single occasion (Iran et al. 2017). Even it is interesting that one of the first brands Westfield
at Stratford had started their first rental store for the street wears. This was mostly focused on
hire and rent for the period of one week. This is part of the “throwaway” fashion which refers to
the clothes that cannot be worn for the second time (Wu et al. 2015). This concept has been
popular in the last few years and taken shape in the academic field for further debate and
discussion. However, there has been a number of debates around the feasibility and sustainability
of this trend since there have been a number of ways waste is generated.

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The rationale of the research
It has been estimated that of the total buy of the fashion clothing in the US kept only half
of while rest goes into waste generation. This is also important to consider that the days of one
cloth for years have passed and the new generation is more focused on the aspect of fast fashion
(Wu et al. 2015). This is also important due to the fact that rental clothing has been negatively
impacting the environmental factors since the trend of fashion is changing in a nanosecond. This
study has also become more significant in recent times because of the huge amount of
manufacturing associated with the fashion industry is the sole responsible factor for a large
amount of waste generation. Hence the aim of the research is to investigate the issue of
sustainability of fashion rental. This research will be identifying the nuances of the issue of
sustainability and rental clothing. This study will also be highlighting the ways in which the
trend of hire and rent can actually contribute to the sustainability of the environment.
Research aims and objectives
The aim of the research is to highlight the sustainability issues of the current trend in rent and
hire of clothing in the fashion industry. The following objectives are:
 To identify the environmental impact of rental clothing and their prospects of
sustainability
 To analyze the ways in which this trend of hire and rent is negatively impacting the
environmental factors
 To recommend the ways in which the rental trend in the fashion industry can enhance
their issue of sustainability

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Literature review
Sustainability and fast fashion
The issue of sustainability has become one of the buzzwords of the 21st century. This has been
observed that sustainability is one of the broad aspects that are to be understood from the
discipline of technology to the environment (Hopkins 2017). The study of sustainability deals
with the study of the natural systems and their need to maintain balance for the protection and
conservation of the ecology (McNeill et al. 2015). However, there have been a number of
instances where the sustainability of the earth is in chaos. The three pillars of sustainability
economic, social and environmental. Environmental protection is one of the key aspects of
sustainable development. The correlation between fast fashion and sustainability has been
debated and discussed in academic discourses. This been found through the research that the
relation of fast fashion generation of waste is one of the crucial aspects of environmental
degradation (Iran et al. 2017). The idea of fast fashion and environmental cost for that has been
huge in the last few years. For example, there is a number of the devastating impact of the
chemical used in growing cotton has led to the development of a number of health-related issues
of the farmers. There are researches which have discussed the impact of a high level of water use
for the protection of failure (Iran et al. 2017). In the case of the developing nations, this issue has
been negatively impacting the environment since it has higher chances of drought. Moreover, it
has been argued that the rate of cloth recycling is comparatively low for the textile industry in
comparison to the other industries which is one of the reasons for the higher level of waste
generation of clothing (Hopkins 2017). Polyester is one of the toxic materials that have a harmful
impact on the increasing level of plastics in the environment. The microfibers are tiny in size
which is difficult to pass through the waste management and sewage treatment (McNeill et al.

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2015). In addition to this problem, there is a number of issues related to the socially responsible
actions of the clothing company. With the huge production of clothing and the huge amount of
waste that it generates, it is cruel for the companies to adhere to certain CSR policies. For
example, the managers of the fashion clothing industries have agreed on the ground that it is
important to ensure basic environmental standards (Hopkins 2017). Every industry has all the
following parameters in areas of functioning, elements of laws, human resource management,
ethics, and manufacturing. The idea of ethics is one of the strongest pillars of successful
functioning for a company. What is important for the fashion industry based company is to
formulate a number of CSR policies that will not only cater to their fulfillment of certain socially
responsible actions; it will also promote sustainable environmental practices (Gardetti et al.
2017). As has been argued by the UN report that the total number of waste on an everyday basis
for the clothing industry is enormous. Over 20 % of the total waste is generated by the fashion
industry alone which is one of the reasons for concern for the protection of a sustainable future
(Gupta et al. 2018). Moreover, it has been observed that in 2050, the total amount of waste
generated will be a quarter of the world’s carbon budget (McNeill et al. 2015). Hence it has been
argued by scholars all over the world that there is a need to develop environmentally sustainable
policies and strategies for these companies. Even though there has been number of development
in terms of taking up new strategies for sustainable development of these companies worldwide
however it is not to deny the fact that the problem of fast fashion business model which believe
in the selling of more products and offering new collections (Amaro 2016). Hence it is the duty
of the company is to adhere to environmental sustainable laws for the companies since it is not
possible to expect from the customers to buy less. The recent development of the UN
Environment assembly focused on the sustainable practices and policies by the companies

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especially in the fashion industries for the future protection of environment. This pledge has been
empowering for the fashion clothing companies and the retailer to reform their industries that can
reduce the impact of the same on the environment. lastly it is important to understand the link
between the huge amount of fashion waste and the environmental impact, for example, according
to the UN report it has been observed that some of the components of the cloth are toxic in
nature which is directly responsible for impacting the environment, for example, it is crucial to
note the synthetic microfiber is one of the main components that microfiber pollution increasing
the pace of water pollution by carrying it to the oceans (McNeill et al. 2015). This is also glaring
to note that the fashion industry is the second largest consumer of water which is responsible for
destroying the limited resource. Around 100000 marine animals are being killed every year due
to the factors of marine pollution hence it is one of the concerns of the fashion industry to reduce
the amount of waste it is generating every second (Yang et al. 2017). Irrespective of being one
of the most water intensive industries, the amount of extra water that is wasted is glaring to note
since it is reflective of the insensitive behavior of the people towards exploitation of natural
resources. Big brands at the global platforms are the promoters of this behavior which has not
only influenced the smaller manufacturer rather it has enhanced the consumerist greed of
people. After enough efforts being taken in the international and national policies, it has been
found out that international brands like Nike an H & M have taken up strategies to reduce and
control the use of synthetic microfiber in limited quantity since it is harming the environment to
a great extent (Buchel et al. 2018). it has been highlighted by the international community that
rental fashion is one of the solutions however not the only one. Since fast fashion is one of the
concerns for the developing and the developed nations of the world. Moreover the negative
impact of fast fashion is more impactful in case of marine life since it is the oceanic life that is

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directly affected by the enormous waste generated. This has also been argued that the change in
lifestyle of people and the higher amount of consumerism is the result of this trend of fast
fashion. Hence it is the duty and responsibility of all the global brands of the world to make
necessary steps for the socially responsible actions that are environmentally sustainable and
viable at the same time.
Fast fashion and the environmental sustainability issue
The idea of fast fashion can be understood as the clothing that moves for the catwalk to the store
to meet the market trends. This idea of fashion is associated with cheap and trendy clothes that
are affordable by consumers without much hassle. This is also understood by the process of an
increased appetite for clothing (Zaman 2015). The idea of fast fashion can be understood by the
underlying hunger to meet the new market trends that are cost-efficient and easily replaceable.
Fast fashion is based on managing the relationship of the customers and the manufacturer; hence
it is based on the idea of category management. Some of the leaders of these new trends are Zara,
H& M GAP and Forever 21 (McNeill et al. 2015). One of the advantages of this fast fashion is it
is a boon for the clothing companies since it is a boost to their production, however it is not to

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deny that there are number of disadvantages of this trend than the advantages, For, example it
has been observed that fast fashion is responsible for enhancing the “throw away” attitude among
people. This is also responsible for creating what is known as the “Disposable fashion”
(Sandberg et al. 2016). This is contributing to a large amount of waste generated. This is cheaply
made with the tint of style that becomes quickly outdated. Hence it contributes to the dumping of
these clothes. This leads to the process of pollution. However, it is not to deny that fast fashion is
only contributing to environmental degradation; it is equally degrading the working condition of
people in developing countries (Winter et al. 2016). In addition to this issue, there is a global
trend of increasing exports to the developing countries since it has been observed America has
one of the highest rates of consumerism (Bhardwaj et al. 2017). Countries of China and India
which is already in the red zone of environmental threats and emerging pollution, it is adding to
the already increased rate of pollution. The cost associated with the recycling of the low-grade
clothing enhances the risk of health-related issues of the small scale retailer and their employees
(Bhardwaj et al. 2017). The textile and clothing industry has contributed to the pollution and
depletion of natural resources. This has led to the depletion of natural resources like water and
exploited people in particular and society in general. Developed nations are one of the largest
producers of this waste which is responsible for burdening the developing nations of the world.
In addition to this, this has to be noted that the dumping of clothes is another events that’s is
negatively impacting the Asian nations since the problem of over population and lack of
resources have been escalate with the problem of dumping of clothes(Hopkins 2017). Hence it is
important to consider the fact that the fashion industry has one of the largest contributions into
the water and environmental pollution, this is to be noted that the wastewater that is generated
through the process of textile making impacts the aquatic life and this is extremely harmful since

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millions of people who are dependent and sustaining on the river bank are being affected by
dangerous diseases (Anguelov et al. 2015). The fertilizer that is used in the cotton making is
another component that is contributing to the process of already aggravated water pollution. The
idea of fast fashion and their impact to the environment is multi-layered since it has been
observed that it is not only impacting developed nations of the world which prone towards the
impact of consumerism, it is harmful to the degradation of the environment even for the
developing nations (Gwozdz et al. 2017). Moreover it is interesting to note that the issue of
protection of human rights is one of the alarming issues for the countries of Asia. This has been
observed that 80% of people working in the fashion industry do not have basic ethical standards
since their health have not been given much importance (Hopkins 2017). In addition to the
environmental impacts, the impact on the human being is also harmful. The harmful impact of
fast fashion on sustainability and environment are vital to understand since it has been observed
that along with high waste generation, this process also leads large amount of CO2 production
and water waste. Clothing consumption per household over the average rate leads to production
of 1.5 tones of CO2. Moreover this is more harmful for the developing nations since

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environment is one of the vital aspects to their sustainability.
Fashion rent business model and the development of the closed loop system
The fashion rent model can be derived from the commonly used practice of sharing of clothes
between the private individuals. This has been further developed by the fashion houses and
created a platform for sharing of clothes between the consumers. This model of hire and rent is
based on the systematic and strategic consideration of a number of steps. For example, this is
based on the design and collection of an idea about the new collection and trends the market, it is
then substantiated by the process of presentation to the showrooms and sourcing and collecting
the total order (Bhardwaj et al. 2017). This is finally distributed through the process of multi-
brand stores and wholesale channels. This is the development and shift from the fast fashion to
the fashion sharing model. There is a number of companies who have made use of the social
media to lure the customers to their new model of rent and hire, This helps the customers to take
rent or hire the latest trend in the market which is cheap and trendy at the same time. There is a
number of business models developed by companies like Zara that has focused on the idea of

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collaborative consumption (Bly et al. 2015). This is also an opportunity to the consumer to have
the accessibility to different types of clothes through the process of rent, swap and share their
personal wardrobe; this model is followed by a number of companies on a global scale (Gwozdz
et al. 2017). What is interesting to note is that phone technology and the internet has made the
attempt of these companies easier to market their products on a larger scale. This model is
developed by a number of global companies which focused on the facilitation of easy
accessibility through their showrooms and the online retailing website, this is collaborative
approach has not only led to the production of more number of clothes, it has also contributed to
the process of recycling and use of clothes (Bhardwaj et al. 2017). There is a number of
companies which have adopted one of the rent based closed loop supply chain that will be
focusing on the sustainability of the extra number of clothing. This supply chain model is based
on the multi-layered process of manufacturing, laundry, and logistics. This model is based on the
development of operational management issues like inventory management, closed loop
logistics, cloth matching, rental services, and pricing. This model of rent and hire has been the
key component of the new trend towards fashion (Bly et al. 2015). The aim behind the
development of this closed loop base system is expected to contribute towards the development
of sustainable fashion and clothing. However there are not many companies who have adopted
this model of sustainable clothing. This according to the author has created the level of profit
making greed of the companies which had resulted in exploitation of the natural resources (Bly
et al. 2015). This is also significant to note that most of the clothing based companies do not
have a robust system of CSR policies which has been one of the reasons of their insensitive
behavior towards the environmental resources.

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There have been a number of researches conducted on the viability of the rental services of
clothing that can contribute to the development of sustainable future; however, it is not clear
whether this trend is contributing to the development of sustainable future (Gwozdz et al. 2017).
Hence the aim of this research is to look into the issue of rental clothing in sustainable future and
protection of the environment. The idea of fashion rental have been popularized by number of
companies where the recyle of old clothing have been able to generate positive results however it
is to be noted there is a striking different between recycling of clothes and fats fashion. The idea
of fast fashion has started from the brands which are costly that has led to the process of cheap
cloth making which are easily available. The aim of the circular economy has been developing
the model that can close the loop of enormous waste generated by the fashion industry, this is
also important to note that brands have become conscious of the water generated by them and it
is interesting to note that they are thinking of recycling their products (Todeschini et al.
2017).Even though recycling of clothes have benefitted some industries to great extent, it has not
been able to beneficial for the fashion industry. However the problem lies in the constant
changing of fashion trends, this can be linked to the process of consumerism. This is based on

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the belief of “take now, consume now and throw it away now” which is one of the negative
aspects of high rate of consumerism (Bhardwaj et al. 2017). This is also important to consider
that people working at these outlets work under extreme conditions with a poor pay and
unhealthy work culture. Since the aim of this fashion outlooks are to satisfy the customer’s
hunger at a fast rate, this has been one of the easiest ways of luring customers towards these
cheap priced clothes. In a report based in US, it has been observed that a cloth material costed
less than a sandwich; such impact of fast fashion is not only harmful for the environment at
large, it is equally harmful for the consumers and the people who are selling it. This includes the
cost of unnecessary transport and extra pay for the employees. This cost is heavy for the
environment since the textile industry creates an enormous amount of waste. The question that
has time and again risen is the amount of neglect the people are about the negative impact of the
same (Gwozdz et al. 2017). Lastly , it is crucial to mention that the process of cloth making is not
a single events instead it is a chain of events that are contributing to the exploitation of the
environment in a collaborative way. Hence any attempt to reevaluate the process, it is essential
to consider each step of the process which can make positive changes.
Research methodology
Research philosophy and research design
For conducting the study in a systematic manner, one of the following research philosophies is
applied. This is to be taken into consideration that there are three prominent research
philosophies, interpretivism, positivism, and realism (Flick 2015). Among these three
approaches, this paper will be adopting the positivism approach since it leaves enough option to

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conduct an in-depth analysis of the issue. While the interpretivism approach studies the
management activities of the chosen topic of discussion, the realism approach studies the mixed
philosophies of both (Flick 2015). Hence this research will be developing the study following the
positivism approach. The research design to be adopted for conducting this study is analytical.
This research design helps to understand the issues and their nuances in a descriptive way. This
design is chosen for the reason that the other two design approaches do not provide enough
chance to gain detailed knowledge of the issue.
Data collection and sampling size
The study would be conducted by taking up primary and secondary data. For the collection of
primary data, the sample size is to be predetermined, for the secondary researches, peer-reviewed
journal, and books are to be considered. The primary data would be collected following the
qualitative method of data collection (McCusker et al. 2015). This will be based on personal
interviews of three managers of fashion based companies and the group interviews of some of
the frequent customers who buy cheap and trendy clothes at regular intervals. This study will be
backed up by the through research on the issue from the secondary sources. The sample size for
the data collection will be three managers of three reputed companies. This will help us provide
enough information about the manufacturing and selling practices of these companies, moreover,
it is important for developing an understanding of the waste management of these extra clothes
manufactured every year. In addition to this, some random sampling would also be adopted for
the study.

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Ethical considerations
This research project will be conducted by maintaining high ethical standards. This project will
be completed by adhering to the laws of commercial confidentialities (Fletcher et al. 2017). Any
form of signs and symbols will not be used for the interview procedure and it will be ensured that
interviewees are not persuaded to any form of views or opinion. In addition to this, it will be
ensured that the prior permission of the desired authority would be taken before the interview is
conducted. Any form of advertisement will be avoided since it is for the academic purpose, strict
confidentiality would be maintained throughout the process. For the purpose of the secondary
research, all the resource would be referenced thoroughly in order to avoid any form of
plagiarism.
Limitations of the study
Irrespective of being a well-planned research, it is important for the study to consider the fact
that the study will have certain limitations (Walliman 2017), for example, the accessibility of
secondary data may be limited or not accessible for the study being which will impact the scope
of the research. In the case of the primary data collection, there might be biased of views and
opinion since it will harm the brand image in case of a negative view. This will also be noted that
the study is restricted by the issue of time. Time constraints might be one of the reasons for the
limited nature of the study. However, it is not to deny that the study will be conducted within the
given time with due consideration of all the factors and it is expected to serve the development of
sound academic knowledge.

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Conclusion
This paper aims to prepare the draft for the development of academic knowledge on the issue of
fast fashion and their impact on sustainability. This has been observed through the body of
search that fashion industry is one of the highest contributors of the greenhouse gases and this
trend of fast fashion has manifold the negative impact o the same on the environment. The higher
number of discarded clothes leads to the process of landfill and fibers to the ocean. This has also
been highlighted that the UK is one of the contributors to the dumping of clothes to the
developing countries and this process along with the other contributions of the fashion industry
leads to the process of 1.2bn of carbon emission. Hence there has been a number of sustainability
approaches concerning the fashion industries. This research will be evaluating the issues of
sustainability and the impact of fast fashion in environmental degradation.

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Activities 1st to
3rd
Week
4th to
10th
week
11th to
13th
Week
14th to
17th
Week
18th to
21st
Week
22nd to
23rd
Week
24th
Week
Selection of the topic 
Data collection from
secondary sources
 
Creating layout 
Literature review   
Analysis and
interpretation of collected
data
  
Findings of the data  
Conclusion of the study 
Formation of draft  
Submission of final work 
Gantt chart
Create by the author

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References
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