(pdf) meta-analysis of the relationship between digit-ratio
Added on 2021-04-21
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P a g e | 1An investigation of relationship betweenDigit ratio and Mental Rotational ScoreStudent Name:Student ID:Unit Name:Unit ID:Date Due:Professor Name:Word count: 2030
P a g e | 2AbstractHumans are differentiated by means of their spatial and cognitive ability. The effect oftestosterone hormone on the cognitive and spatial ability gets decided from pre natal age. Theratio of the second and fourth finger lengths (2d4d) is affected by the sexual hormones ofhumans. Some of the researchers have found positive relation between the 2d4d (digit) ratioand cognitive ability, whereas in some of the studies no correlation was established betweenthese variables. In some studies researches have indicated correlation based on gender basis.The current study seeks to correlate digit ratio with spatial ability without considering genderand age of the subjects of study. Independent sample t-test was used to analyse the data set.Results indicated that there was no significant relation between digit ratio and spatial abilitywhich was measured as a mental score in this research work.
P a g e | 31.0 IntroductionCommunication shapes human society and the gender based dimorphic traits of the societymakes it diversified[ CITATION Bar17 \l 16393 ]. The cognitive perceptive capacity defines socialintelligence and according to recent studies this ability is more in females than males. Thedifference in cognitive capacity for two genders occurs in early stages of gestation [ CITATIONMal06 \l 16393 ]. The permanence of cognitive ability (McIntyre, Cohn, Ellison, 2006; McIntyre,Ellison, Lieberman, Demerath, & Towne, 2005; Trivers, Manning, & Jacobson, 2006) and itsmorphed relation with human hormones testosterones and estrogen has triggered precise interest(Vora-cek & Loibl, 2009) in scientific study. The ratio between the lengths of the index fingerwith the ring finger (digit ratio) indicates the level of exposure to pre-natal testosterone hormone,though relation with cognitive ability is not well established[ CITATION Aus02 \l 16393 ]. Previousresearch works of relation between digit ratio (2d4d) and human nature or physical health werehighly inconsistent in nature (Manning et al., 2007; Puts,McDaniel, Jordan, & Breedlove,2008).Social structure and surroundings of human race induces ability of behavioral prediction togather adaptive ability and cognitive mechanism. These abilities enable the human race to fightwith daily challenges of society and nature. Cognitive ability of pattern recognition helps toassess the emotional changes due to delicate bodily indications especially the eye movementsand facial look. Females generally do better than males in situation of applying cognitive skills(Manning, Churchill, & Peters, 2007). The differences in quality of pattern recognition between
P a g e | 4the two genders occur due to diversity of personality traits and sexual hormone levels. In a recentstudy of cognitive ability, males out-performed females and a positive relation was observedbetween prenatal 2d4d ratio and mental rotational tasks of the participants irrespective of theirsexual orientations (Barel, E. &Tzischinsky, O.,2017). The research work also studied the intergender and intra gender analysis based on organizational effects of testosterone and estrogen.The results revealed a significant relation between sex and digit ratio of the right hand forvarious kind of recollection tasks. The digit ratio of the right hand is considered more effective than the left hand 2d4d ratio (e.g.Coates, Gurnell, & Rustichini, 2009; Manning, 2002; Manning et al., 2007; Williams et al.,2000) for males and for the females the left hand digit ratio is considered to reflect thepersonality traits. Researchers investigating the phenomenon though choose the right hand ratiothan the left hand ratio for consistency of their study (e.g. Austin, Manning, McInroy, &Mathews, 2002; Coates et al., 2009). Researchers have constantly tried to establish a relationshipof digit score with human behavioral and morphological pattern but the results have beeninconsistent in nature (Manning et al., 2007; Puts, McDaniel, Jordan, & Breedlove, 2008).From the above arguments and findings it was hypothesized that human sex hormones havesignificant relation with cognitive ability and individuality of males and females. The sexhormones affect the pre and post natal physical conditions of both the sex from which the digitratio gets formed[ CITATION Lon11 \l 16393 ]. The correlation between the 2d4d ratio and patternrecognition was hypothesized to be positive. The participant number, the digit ratio 2d4d anddigit_Ratio2d4d_Group were taken as independent variables and the mental rotation score wastaken as dependent variable. The mental scores of the subjects were supposed to be high for the
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