Microbe and Immunology1
1) The entire world is currently faced with the infectious and deadly
COVID 19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2.
a) Describe the concerns of healthcare workers in the context of
nosocomial infection during this pandemic, the route of transmission
and provide three important preventive measures to avoid being
infected.
Answer
During the pandemic of coronavirus-19, the risk of acquiring
nosocomial infection was thought to be one of the prevalent aspects for
healthcare professionals all over the world. However, since the virus is
droplet borne; thus, the risk of infection is less as compared to airborne
infections. The three important preventive measures that help in avoiding
the infection are wearing surgical masks and personal protection
equipment, handwashing at regular interval and environmental hygiene.
b) Briefly explain two molecular diagnostic tests and state the purpose to
determine whether
i) a person is infected and/or a carrier ( 3 marks)
ii) a person was infected but no longer a carrier ( 3 marks)
Answer
The molecular diagnostic test that would help in the determination of
whether a person is infected and or carrier is nucleic acid amplification
technology that can be coupled with PCR or fixed microarray. This is a
new approach for the detection of respiratory virus (Barratt et al. 2017).

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