Microeconomic Principles Answer 2022

Running head: Microeconomic Principles
Microeconomic Principles
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Student ID

Microeconomic Principles1
Table of Contents
Answer 1..........................................................................................................................................2
Answer 2..........................................................................................................................................2
Answer 3..........................................................................................................................................3
Answer 4..........................................................................................................................................4
Answer 5..........................................................................................................................................5
Answer 6..........................................................................................................................................5
Answer 7..........................................................................................................................................7
Answer 8..........................................................................................................................................8
References........................................................................................................................................9

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Answer 1
In the state of West Bengal in India there was practice of sharecropping. In which the
farmers take land from landowners and cultivate agricultural crops and against it they used to
pay share of crops produced as rent of the land. In the earlier days the land owners used to
exploit the sharecroppers also known as bargadars and appropriate major share of the total
produce (Datta and Sen 2018). Owing to this deprivation it has been observed that the
productivity of the sharecropper declined. Thus, to improve the condition of the sharecropper the
government introduced Operation Barga. Under this policy the government made the rule that
the sharecroppers had to pay only 25% of the total produce to the land owner as rent (Blessett
and Box 2016). As a result, the income of the sharecroppers increased and thus they produced
more in order to make more money. It is due to the scope of incentive generated by Operation
Barga (Sen 2018). These types of policies are called economic incentive schemes. Example of
such schemes are exemption of tax, providing subsidy to new entrepreneurs such that more
people investment and progress in the economy occurs and providing students scholarship to
encourage higher studies. It has also been observed that the production grew by 28% after
implementation of Operation Barga and the income of the farmers increased.
Answer 2
Operation Barga was introduced by the government of West Bengal in order to improve
the condition of the poor farmers who used to work as sharecroppers. The condition of
sharecroppers were poor because the landowners used to exploit them by demanding major
portion of their total production of crops violating which resulted in the removal of the
sharecropper from land. The landowner used the power of land right to execute such ill
intentions (Garrido 2017). To curb this exploitation the government introduced the Operation

Microeconomic Principles3
Barga. The policy was successful to improve the conditions of the farmers as they were getting
the share of their produce that they actually deserved. In doing so the government violated the
land laws that provides the landowners the complete right over the land. Operation Barga
interfered with this right and the allowed the farmers to cultivate in land of the landowners if
they just fulfil the payment of rent of 25% of the total produce. Thus, the question arises that if
the policy implemented by the government was an ethical policy or not. In order to find the
justification of the policy, discussing the consequentialist ethical framework under which it is
stated that if the consequence of an executed action is good whatever the cost be then the action
is ethical (Kvalnes 2017). It means that if outcome of an action is good even after breaking rules
and regulation during its execution then the action should be considered as an ethical action.
Therefore, in case of Operation Barga the consequence was good since it helps the poor farmers
to get rid of the exploitation of the landowners and thereby it helped to receive their deserving
share of total produce of crops (Durkheim 2018). Hence, the under consequentialist ethical frame
work Operation Barga is an ethical action and thus the implementation of the policy is justified.
Answer 3
Ethical frameworks provide the notion of actions taken by any individual, group or an
organization whether it is a right thing to or not. There are several frameworks that suggest the
rules that makes an action ethical or unethical. Likewise, deontology is an ethical framework that
suggests that if any action taken by any one flows the rules and regulations associated with it
then the action is considered as ethical and unethical otherwise (Swenson 2016). For example, if
a principal of school does not provide early leave to a student due to rules of the school that does
not allow leave to a student before commencement of entire school time then the action taken by
the principal is ethical as the principal follows the rules and regulations of the school even if it