Answer to Question 7 7 Economics Motives One to Write a Paper

Running head: MICROECONOMICS
Microeconomics
Name of the Student
Name of the Author
Author note

MICROECONOMICS
1
Table of Contents
Answer to Question 1......................................................................................................................2
Answer to Question 2......................................................................................................................2
Answer to Question 3......................................................................................................................3
Answer to Question 4......................................................................................................................4
Answer to Question 5......................................................................................................................5
Answer to Question 6......................................................................................................................5
Answer to Question 7......................................................................................................................7
Answer to Question 8......................................................................................................................8
References......................................................................................................................................10

MICROECONOMICS
2
Answer to Question 1
Economics incentives motivates one to fulfill their preferences in form of desires, wants
and needs (Liu and Pycia 2016). It encourages some behavior of an individual. Economic
incentives are structured by the governments and business to fulfill the preferences of the
individual. Operation Barga of West Bengal government helped the farmers to increase their
output and income by reducing the share of crops they need to give to the landowners. Earlier
they have to give half of their crops to landowners in exchange of land (Koliou et al. 2015). The
landless farmers was bound to produce crops as a sharecroppers. Elected in 1978, the Left Front
government of West Bengal enforced new law named Operation Barga to rescue poor farmers
from the exploitation of landowners. Here, Operation Barga acts as an economic incentives to
improve the income and livelihood of the Bargadars. The incentive increases the overall
agricultural productivity of the region and empowered the poor farmers.
Answer to Question 2
The ethical theory which judges whether the action is right or wrong depending on its
outcome or consequences is called consequentialist perspective. There are two types of
consequentialism approach such as hedonism and utilitarianism (Hampton, Warburton and
Sandøe 2019). The evaluation of consequences for both approaches are different. First,
utilitarianism states that the action is right, when greatest good is derived from the greatest
number. Second, hedonism states that the action is right, when pain is avoided and pleasure is
produced. The approach is criticized due to its complex nature as evaluating the consequences
are difficult.

MICROECONOMICS
3
Operation Barga is ethically justified as implication of new law brought positive results
in terms of productivity and livelihood of the farmers (Howarth and Norgaard 2017). The
positive consequences of the action states that the action was right and ethically justified. It
improved the tenancy terms and protected the farmers’ right. The new law enabled them to keep
up to three quarters of their crops. Earlier, they are allowed to keep only half their crops. The
initiates by the government, village panchayats and farmers’ organization increased the surplus
land appropriation. Thus, landless farmers are not compelled to share their crops in exchange of
the lands (Chakrabarty and Bass 2015). The exploitations of landowners was higher before the
imposition of the law because the poor farmers were not protected government. The newly
elected government facilitated landless farmers by planning for redistribution of surplus land.
They also provides many credit facilities to the poor bargadars. The credit provisions scaled up
the efficiency and output of the agricultural productivity. As a result, the economic conditions of
the whole region improved.
The action of Operation Barga was right as the consequences it produced are right. It was
applied for the well-being of the poor farmers. The social condition and standard of living of the
bargadars improved due to the action taken by the West Bengal government. Therefore,
Operation Barga is ethically justified from a consequentialist perspective.
Answer to Question 3
The ethics which is based on duty and more concerned about people unlike
consequentialism, which focuses on consequences of any action, is called deontological ethics
(Bokrantz and Fredriksson 2017). This ethics includes right activity and avoiding the wrong
doings. Another name of deontological ethics is non-consequentialist because whether the action
is justified or not that cannot be determined by the consequences of the action. This ethics deals