Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

The purpose of this booklet is to provide important information related to spreading of most
dangerous disease Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus on the global level. This
booklet Booklets can be a great way to make people aware about transmission, epidemiology,
clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. MERS has emerged as one of the most dangerous
disease on the global level and one of the most worry thing associated with this virus is that, no
such medicine has been manufactured which can treat this virus and therefore left only one
option for us which is prevention and maintaining safe environment from this virus
In earlier stage transmission disease are not well understood. MERS coronavirus is similar to
other virus which is linked with bat coronavirus. This kind of virus is already detected in camels,
bats because of which it has spread almost every Middle East countries (Azhar, et al. 2014).
Various researches have been conducted but still clarity about its spread is unknown. It has been
found that this kind of virus mainly spread due to close contact between animals with persons as
well as from infected person to other person. One of the latest examples is spreading of
Coronavirus in Asian region started from China. This virus has taken lives of more than thousand
people in China and is spreading rapidly on the global level. It has been explored that this virus
has the ability to live for almost eight days on door locks which makes this virus more dangerous
than other virus. Still researcher are not able to find cure for this virus and therefore they are
helpless to keep inflected people in insolation from their family and friend which has created
tense situation on the global level in terms of community setting.
MERS coronavirus results in contamination in the form of range of illness related to respiratory
system, right from asymptomatic or insignificant to deadly. At present epidemiologic proof that
main reason for spreading of this virus is direct contact of humans but there is no evidence that
products which are related to camel are responsible for spread of this disease (Yang et al., 2014).
It has been found that in some MERS case direct contact of patient was not reported which were
suffering from symptomatic MERS. Research are continued to explore those additional
mechanism which may link with transmission process of this virus. It is essential to provide
related information from health point of view in order to enhance defensive suggestions. It has
been explored that transmission of this virus has been found in various health care settings in
which this virus has spread from patient to medical care provider and from patient in healthcare
setting to other patient. In addition, there may be chances where testing patient for symptoms
will be little bit difficult due to some non- specifications.
Even people which are offering health care services related to this MERS are also being infected
with MERS and therefore appropriate measures must be taken to decrease the risk associated
with transmission of this virus from infected patient. Therefore it is important to educate them to
get training related to these situations on the global level.
This virus has emerged as one of the dangerous virus which is responsible for severe respiratory
issue. According to reports around 37.1% cases were reported regarding fatal situation. At
September, 2012 identification of this virus was reported on large scale (Assiri et al., 2013).
Illnesses were reported onset April 2012 on document. This virus has been identified health risk
on the global platform. Travel has been recognized as one of the key driving factor related to
spread of this virus such as Kuwait, Oman, UAE and so on (Al-Abdallat et al., 2014).

Identification of MERS virus has been found related to travelers returning to other countries like
US, Europe, Africa and Asia.
This virus is not only linked with severe respiratory system issue but also related to multi organ
failure along with large spectrum of illness with no specific definition. During this duration large
numbers of mild cases were reported related to contacts. According to health report, it has been
found out that around 2- 14 days must be given to explore symptomatic illness (Guery et al.,
2013). This disease is often connected with health patterns such as fever, heaviness in breath and
cough. In addition to this, there are other factors such as chills, arthralgia, vomiting and sore
throat. Earlier people used to link this disease with pneumonia and few chest radiographs
because it involved pulmonary. It has been found that both sever and middle respiratory directs
towards MERS which may involve cardiovascular collapse along with renal injury (Al-Tawfiq,
Assiri& Memish, 2013). Often children and older age people are considered as soft target of this
virus. But due to traveling young adults were found more symptoms of this virus. Therefore in
this situation, one of the first actions which every government has taken in this context was to
restrict travel of people from countries which was under the influence of this virus because no
medicine has been yet discovered in order to cure this disease. Only prevention is considered the
only option available.
In order to diagnose MERS, physical examination, fever and swelling of glands will be done doctor to
ensure whether it is MERS or just flew. In some cases, even flew was linked with MERS which imposes
lot of stress on the patient. In addition, stethoscope will be used to understand lungs beat flow along with
a chest x-ray, MRI scan to explore developing of any fluid in lungs. In some cases, doctor will take health
of medical laboratory for confirmation of MERS by taking sample so that further impact can be stopped
(Mohd et al., 2016). At present various modern diagnostic has been developed in order to identify sever
infection related to MERS coronavirus. For this, medical team will make use of real time RT or PCR. In
addition, they will also collect lower respiratory specimens for test purpose in order to explore symptoms
of this virus. Sometime it is necessary to also gather upper respiratory specimens. It is important to collect
other specimens so that a better image of problem can be drafted for treatment purpose. There have been
cases where it has been find out that disease such as cold and fever was also considered symptoms of this
virus and people were unnecessary kept in isolation in order to prevent spreading of this disease. People
were continuously living under threat like situation which has made their life a living hell.
WHO has offered authority to various labs by offering them approval to conduct this RT_PCR
test for MERS. Both state and local health departments must be involved for better outcome.
Health problems like fever, pneumonia or stress on respiratory organ must be taken lightly
(Banik et al, 2016). People traveling from Middle East countries must been kept under
observation in order to ensure restriction of this virus especially when they are complaining
about issues like fever as well as respiratory illness. This virus is known for attacking on
respiratory system which creates trouble in taking breath and in severs condition death. Long
survival of this virus makes it difficult for medical professionals to treat patient which h is being
inflected by this virus.
Initially patient with inconclusive testing must undergo some supplementary tests such as
virologic and serologic in order to determine whether patient can be classified in MERS case. As
per WHO report it is advisable that people suffering from multiple lower respiratory specimens
must undergo bronchoalveolar fluid collection in order to understand possible cause. It is very

common fact that if patient is not having these symptoms them it is not possible to find out lower
tract specimens and therefore it is important to focus on oropharyngeal swab specimen
collection. If in this, case patient is displaying negative symbols in such situation it is advisable
to retest the patient to completely eliminate possibility of spreading of this virus on the global
level.
As per reports, no approved treatment has been explored so far for MERS. Patients with mild symptoms
recover without any complications and therefore such patients can be even treated at home with the help
of certain medications. But these people should stay isolated in order to avoid spreading this kind of
disease (Yang et al., 2014). But in severe cases, there is an ample chance that patient may suffer from
lungs failure or dysfunction of respiratory and in this situation, patient needs to be hospitalized. Breathing
tube may be better suggestion given by doctors or may be put on ventilator along with antibiotics. As
such, no such vaccine has been created to provide safety from MERS. Still, world health organization is
focusing their research for developing potential vaccinations.