Prevention of Health Problems Related to Mobile Addiction Among School Children

This report examines the use of leadership and management theories in analyzing the prevention of health problems related to mobile addiction among school children. It discusses the reasons behind smartphone addiction, the effects of excessive mobile phone use, and the role of parents and teachers in prevention. It also explores prevention methods and the use of leadership and change theories to manage the habit of students.

Prevention Of Health
Problem Related To Mobile
Addiction Among School
Children
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Table of Contents
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................3
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Background......................................................................................................................................6
Aims and Objectives........................................................................................................................7
Justification......................................................................................................................................9
Evidence or equivalent case.............................................................................................................9
Theoretical overview.....................................................................................................................10
Budget............................................................................................................................................12
Project plan....................................................................................................................................12
Project timeline – Gantt chart........................................................................................................12
Leadership approach and Management of change or theories.......................................................15
Force field analysis........................................................................................................................20
Evaluation of success.....................................................................................................................20
Recommendations..........................................................................................................................20
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................21
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Abstract
The below report is based on prevention of health issues that arise from use of mobile by
school children. In addition to this, it describe reason behind use of smartphones by children. It
also includes the effect of mobiles when it becomes addicted to children which leads them to
take aggressive steps. It also includes ways from parent and teachers monitor addiction of
children in schools. There are various prevention method are also discuss which assist in
reducing addiction of mobiles among children. The leadership and management theories are also
stated which provide measures from habits of children can be managed.
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Introduction
The internet have been now a days found to be very essential for several objectives which
may be involved in quick sharing of data, contacting with diversified people, electronic related
commerce, emotional support and most importantly entertainment (Nishad and Rana, 2016). A
smartphone altogether can serve combination of services which can render telephonic facility as
well as internet benefits. Smartphone has found to be additionally offer high qualitative services
when compared to basic internet services. Young adolescent people are often found to be
engaged in activities like watching videos, communicating with friend and surfing some
important data for their college. Older people on the other hand use smartphone for calling their
children and to watch spiritual videos or news. At both the age group, the utilisation of
smartphone is quite immense and can not be replace by any other devices. The school going
children on other side have been observed to use smartphone at much higher rate as compared to
other age group either to play games or to watch videos. When they are small the use of such
devices are kept at normal rate by strict limitation of parents and their pressure. As soon as they
start communicating more with their friends and get promoted to new grades the use
simultaneously thought to grow which eventually turns into digital addiction. Such type of
addiction is considered as an extreme issue which is commonly seen in school going children.
The mobile phones have become a integral part of human life especially among children,
they feel lost and discomforted when they are not able to get access to such gadgets. If such
children are asked not to use smartphones or are restricted from using such device then it has the
potential to demonstrate violent and harsh behaviour against their parents (Sharma and et.al.,
2016.). The reason why children are addicted to such smart devices is due to pleasure. The user
when wins a game gets some sort of reward which is quite satisfying and make them get plunge
to the feeling of pleasure. After receiving such reward, dopamine which are ultimately
controlling the pleasure points release it in brain. Such process makes a person happy and to get
more need depending upon the concentration being released. The urgent need of getting socially
connected to people have also considerably enhanced the usage. The process of intimidating and
copying their favourite role models or actors have also increased which lead into taking selfie
and posting on social media to look like models. The recent urge of getting famous and to be
socially accepted by large group of members among school have become so common that every
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student try to grab opportunities to get connected with their friend socially as possible. In digital
world, such children can easily join group chats, messages and comments on various posted
picture. There is a thin line between digital addiction and normal usage, due to which there are
some signs which have been shown by number of kids due to overuse of smartphone. The kids
overusing such practice are found to take lengthier time to fall asleep and are frequently shown
to have trouble in sleeping and eventually become insomniac. This might be originated due to
excessive habit of playing games and watching videos on smart devices. This late night playing
are evidenced to disturbs the circadian rhythm within an individual due to which they face
sleeping issues (Bhatia, Rajpoot and Dwivedi, 2016). If such condition persist and parents of
such kids do not pay attention to such alarming symptoms and warning then the condition may
take a shape of mental health issue. Such children may acquire depression and anxiety due to less
sleep and poor communication with family members.
Kids when move to higher grades that are not only analysed to play games at high rate
but their engagement in social media also starts which negatively affects their personal as well as
family relationships. The depression and urge to use phone sometimes lead into obsessive
compulsive disorder where they keep either dreaming about phones while attending class or
excessively use phone when are at home or some where else. Turning off and taking away
smartphones from hand of such child may worse the condition of panic and anxiety. The parents
sometimes have to seek expert advice or care in order to make their condition less severe and
find ways through which their addiction level can be overcome. Children are found to acquire
aggressive as well as violent behaviour which can negatively influence not only their own life
but also the reputation of their parents. By playing violent games and watching videos related to
blood shed and murders are found to aggravate their potential actions and they tends to become
more violent and show activities which can harm others. All such activities make their
productivity very less at school and they tend to get less marks in exams as compared to those
who are not digitally addicted. Teachers in school are considered as most critical part in coping
up the child with digital addiction by employing large number of measures and collective ways.
Parents in such situation should make some crucial modifications and changes either in their
routine life and in their kids for positively reshape the actions. The rule about usage of phones
should be changed based upon basic needs an urgency (Tamura and et.al., 2017). They should
not snatch away their smartphones right away because it will make an adverse impact on their
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behaviour, because of this some ground rules must be set to limit the hours which are permitted
to use. The child should only be allowed to use phones in front of some elder family members or
parents, this activity will restrict the use in dinning table or at some get together. Such practice
will help them in making their relationship string with their parents and will reduce their anxiety
and stress to great extent (Lee and Kim, 2017). Parents may take help of some outside
applications for limiting the data their children can get access to or type can alteration in certain
phone functions which does not allow such kids to watch blood shedding videos or playing age
restricted games. The treatment of digital addiction is not easy to be treated because other
addictions may be prevented by taking medicines but in such case no medication can be
prescribed by any doctor or health practitioner. Some ways which may be involved for reducing
the addiction among school children are setting time limits, the parents should set a specific time
on which they are allowed to watch videos, play games or chatting with their friends under the
supervision of parent or any elder. By setting limitations the child at initial stage may get furious
and lead into some aggressive activities but parents should show strictness and should not allow
to exceed the time limit at any cost. The health problems which may be caused due to this
ongoing addiction may result in making a child mentally and socially sick which further result in
physical health issues. The applications which distract the mind of kids should be removed from
the device so that they do not get disturbed and provoke to play or use it. School administration
must provide solid information on how upcoming generation are degrading their health by using
excessive mobile devices. The parents as well as school should lay emphasis on making child
more physically active, they should introduce more games and fun activities in school and homes
for keeping the child distracted from using smartphone.
Background
The aim of this report is to examine the use of leadership and management theories in
analysing the effects of mobile addiction on school children in India. The role of change and
leadership theories are found in assisting the school management team to explore ways or to alter
their behaviour in order to modify the habit of school children. Though, Smartphones have
thought to be meeting gaps among economic and political sectors due to which people are
extensively buying upgraded version of their phones. On the other hand it have found due to
such high usage of phone by their parents such children have found to get habit of using it too
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more frequently. The behaviour or school and actions of parents play a significant role in shaping
the limit at which digital addiction can go through. Awareness can be spread by outlining the rate
at which children can get distracted due to overuse of such devices. The impact and issue which
can be raised by such problems may be immense and still growing at higher rate due to invention
of new games and thrilling videos (Lee and et.al., 2017). These things may be further discussed
with their parents for letting them know the harmful effects of excess use. The health issues
which are caused by such excessive usage are anger, stress, depression, male infertility, neck
problems, eye discomfort and social issues. Such problems may get severe by increasing time of
usage, due to which preventive measures are very vital to be considered. The child must learn to
undergo light exercise regularly so that the physical problems get resolved in timely manner. The
school should conduct some campaign and classes at evening so that the time which make them
urge to use mobile, they may spend while doing some educational programmes.
Aims and Objectives
Aim: The aim of this project is “To examine the use of leadership and management
theories in analysing the prevention of health problem of mobile addiction on school children in
India”.
Objectives:
 To identify the reason behind smartphone addiction in school children in India.
 To analyse the effects of using excess mobile phones by children in India.
 To monitor the role of parents and teachers in preventing digital addiction in school
children.
 To analyse the prevention method of health problem due to mobile addiction
 To evaluate the role of leadership and change theories to deliver appropriate measures to
manage the habit of students.
The use of mobile have been seen to increase day by day within school going children
due to high urge of playing games, watching fascinating videos, socialising and surfing. The
parents have to get strict and more education must be provided in school for making aware the
negative effects of using excess mobile phones (Aljomaa and et.al., 2016). However, it may be
viewed that different leadership theories as well as change theories have been applied in such
condition for effectively managing the serious problems which basically concerns school
children. The major reason behind such high addiction was found to be the high amount of
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pleasure which are being released in the form of dopamine in brain when a child wins a game
and get rewards. The frequent application of texting, video calling, socialising, googling and
other activities have evidently found to make children addicted to their cell phones. The effects
of such high addiction can seriously affects the life quality of children which may suffer from
condition of isolation and soon starts to feel insomniac. Due to imbalance in circadian rhythm by
late night playing, watching or texting friends it consequence in facing sleep deficiency. The
condition soon becomes obsessive compulsive disorder which make an individual to check their
phone again and again. Depression and stress soon take place due to prolonged insomnia, all
these situations rise due to high digital addiction. The child who take their parents phone are
found to be intimidating when they do not get access. Moreover, such condition make there
behaviour quite aggressive and violent towards family members and to everyone who are found
to be restricting them from using smartphones (Jun, 2016). The preventive measures are very
important to be taken by school administration and parents for making a high distance among
mobile phones and children. The teachers and parents should take with their child and share their
feelings for making them more comfortable. By such activities, children tends to spend more
quality time with their siblings as well as parents and learns the importance of such members in
their life. The adverse effects and reactions of harmful radiations which have a capacity to cause
large number of disease should be explained to school going children either they are small grades
or high.
The role of school administration a well as parent are though to be very vital in managing
and regulating the though processing. The parents must get access to parental monitoring devices
or application through which they can get access to the history of the phones through which they
can either lock certain websites or make them inaccessible. The teachers and school management
on the other hand should lay emphasis on formulating such policies and principles which
specifically bans to bring or to use smartphones in school premises. The school management can
further setting up cameras in corridors as well as in classroom to check whether children of
higher grades are using phones in school. If any student are found to be using mobile phones
even after certain standards and policies of school then they have the right to call their parents
and may either suspend them. The children which are at lower grades does not actually have dare
to bring their mobile phones, during this period they must get proper education about outcomes
of overusing smartphone. Every teacher at primary level should focus on providing all adverse
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impact of using smartphone on mental and physical health (Kim, Lee and Choi, 2015). The
function of leadership and change theories to deliver appropriate measures to manage the habit of
students are outlined which ultimately assist the school operating department and teachers a
chance to a make them acquainted with harmful effects of mobile phone on brain and processing.
Justification
The report is all about analysing the effects and reasons which are associated in
enhancing school children addiction due to high mobile use. The importance of lowering the
digital addiction has been increasing day by day due to which it is highly necessary to manage
such habit by collective efforts of parents and teachers. The leadership and change theory are
evidenced to aid teachers and school managers to effectively deal with high usage of mobile
phones in school premises. Technology have the capacity to give false hope to growing children
as well as rationale security as they think that by communicating with unseen world they have
become determinative. The report is basis on defining the certain objectives or reasons due to
which children get so addicted to smartphones in India. The families of India are very much
engaged in their family terms which dose not sometimes provide them specific time to keep
check on mobile usage of their kids. Such practice make their normal routine of taking phone
turn into digital addiction. Another objective of such study is the adverse outcome of using
excess mobile phones by children in India along with the role of parents and teachers in
preventing digital addiction in school children. The defining target is to measure the duty of
leadership and change theories to deliver suitable measures to carry off the habit of school going
children. Though, the purpose of assignment is to identify the cause as well as role of basic
theories in eliminating the practice of digital addiction.
Evidence or equivalent case
The prior addiction of mobile can be majorly seen in children when new games of
fighting and royal e battle have emerged which have made such children highly addicted. The
invention of such games was completely revolutionary in the world of games because no games
was their in mobile phone with such graphics and concept. Such practice made the children
addicted towards these games which resulted into loss of attention onwards studies and making
them less caring towards parents. The advancement of such gaming system have been majorly
found to exponentially increase the addiction level in school children. The fighting game have
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observed to make the mind of such children quite aggressive due to high fighting instincts and
scenes, such leads into modification of behaviour which have negatively shaped their intellectual
(Chang and et.al., 2019). They become aggressive and engage suicidal thoughts, due to such
practices many students were found to take their life when their parents refused to give their
mobile phones to their children for playing. The effects are very devastating due to which this
report is completely focussing on underlining the effects of mobile devices on school children.
The role of parents and teachers must be focussed critically and they should assigning roles and
responsibilities for effectively managing the digital addiction.
Theoretical overview
The study is completely based on outlining the major outcomes which may be originated
due to excessive usage of mobile phones. The help of health leadership models and further
change approach have been employed for altering the habit of children through applying such
high end theories on school administration. The actual cause of digital addiction is loneliness,
boredom and lack of satisfaction in life which mostly gets fulfilled by playing games and getting
appreciation on social sites. Sleep disorder, panic, anxiety, depression, stress, loss of
concentration, athletic performance, results of exam as well as terms with family members are
highly affected in India. It has been observed that children may gain more weight and may suffer
from further complications relating to poor lifestyle, unhealthy diet. All such activities are
ultimately resulting into causing large number of disease associated with cardiovascular or brain.
The children from overusing such devices may get into substance abuse or addiction by watching
various videos related to such activities. The technology addiction can make a child vulnerable to
high usage of alcohol or cigarettes, because they want to live like the lifestyle of their favourite
celebrities which are being depicted in videos (Jamir and et.al., 2019). Children who are
completely in such activities are found to be detached with their parents, they do not take may
involvement regarding the well being of their parents or siblings, sue to such practice they
become less sensitive and only make their phone as their whole life.
At such stage of life, children do not have prior knowledge about what is right and what
may go wrong of they follow a certain path. The children who spend more time in social
networking sites and prone to acquire depression which may further result in suicidal thoughts.
The high usage of such practice can be managed at small level only if parents and teacher keep
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evaluating their activities. Innovation of new games and high ending graphical videos have high
capability to attract large number of children towards them which may have such content that
can hamper either learning behaviour and actions in school. The parents should buy them offline
gaming console which keep them away from mobile phones and they keep focussing on specifics
game only (Seo and et.al., 2016). The health stress management theory may be applied which
which may emphasis on keeping everything balanced in life, it requires in making a certain
schedule to children which can specifically help in making such kids busy. Proper guidance must
be rendered by teachers and parents by effective communication, they must apply certain
principle collectively like to engage them in making innovative and creative task or assignment.
Adults in such case must be more creative which should have ability to engage children in such a
way that they do not lay their focus on mobile.
Parental control is a major advancement in technology which can render chances to
parents for clearly restring the adult content from their access. More time should be spent with
such children so that they do not feel isolated and can talk over anything to their parents rather
than taking help of social sites. Play dates may be arranged by different parents to keep their
children distracted from technology, this would give a chance to make new friends and also help
in socialising with people thereby reducing depression and stressed behaviour in India. More
preventive measures which may be taken for lowering such highlighted issue are taking the
phones away or restricting the time. They should be taken outside to explore their inner strengths
and qualities by engaging them in some sports or in some social works which not only make
them physically active but also assist in providing knowledge about their surrounding and make
them responsible by conducting some social work. In India, parents are often busy in taking care
of house hold activity or in some other stuff so they sometimes may not clearly remain aware
about the whereabouts of their kids. At such time, school authorities play role who not only make
them aware about adverse effects of such addiction but also provide preventive ways to keep
their ill habit at pace. More meditation and mind relaxing activities should be engaged in school
so that the students cam relax their mind and may become less stressed.
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Budget
Project plan
The project plan may referred to as an action plan which may be involved in various
activities by consuming specific period of time. The activities which are included are described
in a certain sequence which will be essential to be followed while finishing the given project.
However, the project plan includes PDSA cycle which comprises of factors like Plan, Do, Study
and Act. It is quite important to perform a specific screening of change so as to alleviate the
prevention methods for improving the health condition of school going children in India. At first,
Plan includes to handle with staff about demand and execution of fresh system which sometimes
not liked by every individual. Second, it belong to specifies out the change to collecting the
attention of everyone towards it for improving the condition and making the project manageable.
Third, the technical approach is utilized to supply acquisition and information to school
administration and parents for lowering the addiction of smartphones in kids (Lynn and Lynn,
2019). At last, the institution evaluates and acts on the measures which they have formulated for
preventing the health issues which are raising by such devices.
Project timeline – Gantt chart
The Gantt chart has been referred to as a graphical representation of series of task which
will be essential in carry out for completing the study at definite time period. In such chart, a
specific duration of time has also been included which guides the researcher about how long they
have to finish a task within provided guidelines so as to acquire desired target. Thus, the timeline
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and various task are numbered which assist the researcher in completing whole process in given
deadline. However, it is regarded as an effective tool in scheduling action which render attention
for establishing authenticate plan and organised roles among team members for conducting as
well as tracking certain activities.
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Project risks
The project risk are needed to get focussed as well as has to be analysed for eliminate the
risk so that proper strategies and suitable practices can be applied at given time. The process
which are included centres on inspecting various factors and monitoring the risk elements which
are associated in using excessive smartphones. However, it has been observed that children get
highly aggressive and show violent behaviour when straight actions are taken to take their
mobile phones away. The parents who are themselves using phones all the time and teachers who
are using mobile phone in classroom are some factors which has an adverse effect on perception
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of children. The evaluation risk which may be defined are risk test plans, proper workflow and
reviewing the tactics and strategies which can be used to make such addiction stop. However,
more effective solution and procedures have to be adopted and employed for finding best method
to lower the addiction of smartphones and to prevent their health from getting any serious health
issue.
Leadership approach and Management of change or theories
Situation leadership theory
The situational leadership theory may be explained as effective framework which are
appropriate in dealing with various scenarios in respect to arrange them effectively. The
approach is highly favourable because it facilitate to manage the policies as well as the strategies
as per the defined situation and help in overcoming the issue of smartphone addiction in school
going children. Moreover, the teachers working in school organisation may utilise this leadership
theory in context of keeping the addiction of such children to a limit so that no adverse effect can
make the health status of student maintained (Kim and et.al., 2016). The Situation leadership is
effectual because teachers and school administration can make their own policies as well as plan
of action according to the possible danger in such case for lowering the digital addiction to some
extent. The method has been recognised as most flexible, because such theory do not lay
emphasis on setting rules according to which every one has to work rather it builds such a
environment where students feel more encourage and enthusiastic to get rid off their habit and to
become attentive towards their studies. The teachers also feel comfortable while adopting such
model because it allow them to carte their own working style where they can implement any
actions or conduct any class to illustrate the unhealthy outcomes of mobile phone which highly
influences their mental and social well being. The awareness which is highly required to be
maintained for attaining the aim of an objective. This helps in making such measures which not
only make the students aware about their addictions but also render a chance to become more
productive and effective in completing their task. The style allows all the team members to work
in harmony and collectively, thus all teachers may share their views on such addiction and can
find a way through which they can become more responsible and quick.
Contingency leadership theory
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This theory is described as the success of different agency within health care industry
based on the attitude and behaviour of teacher that change according to the circumstances. The
manager of this health care sector emphasised on taking decision considering the external and
internal factor that affect the decision of this industry (Oldenburg and et.al., 2015). Beside from
this, it aid assistance in implementing various purpose and activity in an appropriate manner.
The teacher focuses on changing attitude and behaviour according to the demand of the
students. In context of health care industry, the teacher focuses on preventing student from
mobile addiction that imposes negative impact on health of the student. Therefore, it is necessary
for teacher to change their behaviour based on different situations. They basically focuses on
preventing children from the health issues that arises from the habit of mobile addiction. Along
with this, the future success and growth of the health care industry depends on the dynamic
nature of teacher towards their students. The teacher provide awareness among the parents to
prohibit the mobile addiction of their children in order to eliminate health issues. In assistance of
this, the teacher takes decision on the basis of considering external and internal environment that
imposes direct impact on attitude of students. In order to adopt contingency leadership theory, it
also imposes some negative impact on behaviour of children. Sometime taking decision
according to this theory affect negatively thus it results in increasing the mobile addiction of
children that arises health issues (Chen and et.al., 2016). Therefore, the teacher must be dynamic
according to the situation and circumstances. It helps them in preventing children from mobile
addiction that results in reducing health issues. The contingency leadership theory imposes both
negative and positive impact that is totally based on different situation as well as circumstances.
System theory of leadership
This is one of the effective theory that is developed for providing framework to leaders.
System theory is developed by Dr Ian Macdonald and he in expert in management as well as
organisational behaviour. This theory of leadership provide proper guidelines to leaders which
help in increasing their ability to influence followers. System theory is based on collaborative
leadership skills that helps in improving the quality of work. This theory is very supportive for
leaders of school in order to prevent the usage of mobile phone in schools. System theory can be
describe as the set of skills and potential of an individual to change the system. It is important for
leaders of respective school to implement the changes in system of school so that they can guide
students appropriately. This theory will support in providing appropriate principles that will lead
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to create models regarding good leadership. Through system leadership theory, leaders of school
can design appropriate system and change in strategies of organisation as well as social process.
This theory will help leaders to predict the behaviour of students in order to influence them. It is
important for school to deal with the issue of mobile usage in school as this is affecting the
school performance of students as well as their academic studies. System theory of leadership
focus on developing and building effective system with in organisation. This will help in
designing a system of school which is easily adoptable by organisation (Peraman and
Parasuraman, 2016). A proper and effective system of school will lead to reducing the usage of
mobile phone with in school as well as focus on activities of school. System leaders of school
will be able to create boundaries for students and teachers. So that they work in required manner.
This is an effective theory which will lead to conducting all task and activities of school in
proper systemic manner.
Transactional leadership theory
Transactional leader is one who always value the order and structure to gain the business
goals and objectives in most potential manner. Transactional leadership involves motivating and
directing the students primarily through the appealing their own self interest. The power of
respective leader come from the formal authority and responsibilities from the organisation. The
main goal of respective leadership style to obliged to children to obey instructions. The believes
of a leader is to motivate individuals by using rewards and punishments so that they can give one
of their best efforts in organisational development and enhancement in positive manner. The
model focus on improving the certain type of behaviour by proving rewards when the teachers
come to know that they have not used their phone from their parents. It involves attention of
various types of factors for their value such as performance of team, organisation, supervision
and leadership. The style also provide a chance to directs the subordinates, in such case principal
of school in India may directs their teachers to follow certain measure for acquiring the task in
most efficient way (Lissak, 2018). Transactional leaders are needed in particular situations when
a such aims are requisite to be through in specific way to ensure that no students gets harmful
health issues by excessive use of smartphones. The goals which are set by the assistance of such
leadership style are achievable and are based on short term planning. The teacher due to such
reason become more motivated in undertaking such approach, where short term objectives are
fulfilled to attain large and big goals. Such type of model is also effectual when it come to lower
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the cost and increasing the productivity. Because of such factors the short term goals are made
like to outline and promote campaigns and moper fun activities in home and school to make
them highly engaged, this helps in achieving large aim.
Transformation leadership theory
This theory is develop with the motive of enhancing the skills and capabilities of an
individual. Transformation leadership theory refers to the way in which leaders of school can
work in order to encourage and motivate students by transforming their skills. This is an
effective leadership in which organisation can shape the performance of employees and students
to attain the set goals and objectives. Transformation leaders of school needs to conduct various
activities in which students will understand the harmful effects of mobile usage. In this leaders
will explain about the disadvantage of using mobile phones and benefits of reducing the useage
of mobile phones with in school. This is appropriate theory that will help in transforming the
attitude and behaviour of students. This leadership theory will provide proper guidelines to
leaders and teacher of school so that they can easily gain the trust of students in organisation to
transform their behaviour and attitude. There are several characteristics that needs to be in the
transformational leaders such as power to encourage and motivate its followers. Leaders must be
able to build the effective culture with in organisation or school that has very clear vision, values
and standards for work ethically. Transformational leaders have emphasis on authenticity as well
as believe in open communication. It is important for school to use this theory as his will lead to
develop strong relationship between students and teachers. Transformation leaders are working
to create and inspire positive changes with in school so that desired objectives could be achieve
effectively and efficiently. In this theory of leadership provide importance to the individual view
points. Individualized consideration will lead to motivate employees and deal with the challenges
faced by company.
Participative leadership theory
This leadership theory refers to democratic leadership in which leaders involve their team
members so that they can help in identifying issues and producing strategies with proper decision
making process. This can be used in therapies and other programme. The involvement of team
members can influence positive among teachers and staff members so that they can prevent use
of mobiles among children (Lee and Kim, 2017). In addition to this, it also influence change that
are implemented with in the management and system of schools. The changes also includes
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different policies that are needed to accept by teachers, parents and children. The health care
providers can also implement new changes that is benefit for health of children and divert them
from the use of smartphones. The involvement provides high morale of people who are
associated with schools. This develops more influence which assist them to take part in change.
This theory also develops communication between children and other people. From this, they can
communicate their issues regarding their health properly with them. It is an effective way of
bringing change as changes can be occur according to needs and requirement of children. This
encourage children to take part in activities so that they can divert from overuse of smartphones.
The role of change and leadership theories are found in assisting the school management team to
explore ways or to alter their behaviour in order to modify the habit of school children.
Trait theory
The trait theory is defines as the traits of leaders that is used to identify influence of
leadership among all people. This theory helps in analysing approaches that help in preventing
health issues that are related to addiction of mobile among school children. As there are different
traits are present of leaders which is necessary to be consider so that they can successfully
implement changes with in environment of school. As different leaders have different skill and
personality. So with the help of this theory, effective leaders style can be implemented with in
school management (Murthy, 2017). As with this, leaders can manage situation of using mobiles
by children effectively. The some leaders have different traits that includes intellectual, physical,
social, personality and demographic. The children need proper management from which they can
make understandable about changes so that they can reduce use of mobiles. The leaders can use
their own traits with in services of children. It is a proper way of managing children as same
traits of leaders with children can understand their action in an appropriate manner. This theory
can be used in various situation including identifying action of children that arise due to
restriction from parents and teachers. The effective leaders can use appropriate leadership style
according to situation that is needed at that time.
Behavioural theory
This theory refers to idea that state that behaviour of an individual is depend on their
condition. It also involves interaction with environment which lead to changes with in the
behaviour. This is highly occur in children and leaders as all are affected from their environment.
The behaviour occur in the form of action that is shaped by responses from environment. It is
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necessary to understand behaviour of a person from which they can motivate to others. This
theory can help in developing motivation among both leaders and children. As the leader can
motivate from which they can motivate children to reduce use of smartphone. They can also
convey messages from which they can provide knowledge about health issues that arise due to
use of it (Lian, 2016).
Scientific management theory
This theory is help in identifying work flow from which productivity of work can be
increased. The main objective of this theory is to enhance efficiency and improving productivity
with in system of school management. With this, leaders can apply scientific methods within
management of school. This assist in developing more awareness about mobiles that is needed to
be provided to them. The leaders can motivate children with use of technologies which provide
scientific meaning of smartphones. This help in managing schools with scientific approach from
which organisation can develop different routine of children (Sun, Liu and Yu, 2019).
Autocratic management theory
This theory involves autocratic style in which management controls decision of
organisation. In this theory leaders involve other members so that they can make decision
according to beliefs of others. It is hard to manage children as they have different beliefs of their
habits. This theory is need to apply when quick decisions are needed to be occur. As there are
lots of challenges occur while managing children in their addiction of mobile. But with quick
decision making it can be used in taking proper action with effectively (Conley, 2016). This
theory provides direct view on issues that come up with over use of smartphones. With this,
specific objective can be direct which help in enhancing change among children.
John Kotter's 8-Step Change Model
The change is an vital aspect that is needed to be implement with in system of
organization. This helps in delivering effective care and services to children so that they can
reduces use of mobiles in their daily life. The children are highly vulnerable to their requirements
so it is necessary to be implement change in a good manner. So this models helps in providing
changes by leaders according to relevant situation. In this, 8 steps are included that help
organization to manage children properly and these are described below. Create urgency:- the change is necessary to be implemented with in organisation so that
they can make effective to services among children. The leaders are must aware about
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challenges that restricted in implementing changes. With this, they can develop proper
and useful changes that help in making children change their mind among use of
smartphones. The children are must aware about changes that are applied with in their
education or environment by communication them properly (Jun, 2016). Form a powerful coalition:- The use of coalition can help in producing changes with in
system of organisation. As this coalition has some skills that matches the personality of
children. By applying this, wide range of effectiveness can be achieved in changes. The
leaders can provides services according to the addition of smartphone in children. Create a vision for change:- the changes is become complicated while implicating
changes. This develops various issues in providing services to them. So the management
of school need to apply a vision of change so that it can motivate leaders so that they can
apply changes in the habit of children. The management of school must need to create a
simple vision so that it can make understand to leaders including children. As this can
help in applying changes from which leaders can change habits of children properly
(Chang, 2019). Communicate the vision:- in order to make successful of changes, it is necessary to be
communicate with all members who are associated with services. This makes acceptable
of changes properly. The management of school must need to convey about changes to
children so that they can support changes properly. Remove obstacles:- at time of implementing change various obstacles are developed.
This is necessary to be reduce so that changes can be function properly with in
environment of schools. The school management must need to implement proper
management so that obstacles can be removed at time of initiating changes. This create
strength of changes which develops as a positive impact of changes on children that
abundant them to use of mobiles (Jeong, 2016). Create short term wins:- this is necessary to be create as it develops motivation and
enthusiasm among leaders. So that they can enhance more innovation in changes which
benefit children in their learning process. This also helps in developing more ideas that
helps in managing children properly. Build on the change:- the cchange should be c reated on long term basis so that it can
benefit children in their schools propelry. So, the chnages must be manage by leaders
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having aim of sustainibility. The addiction of mobiles need long term change so that it
can not again addicted to children.
 Anchor the changes in corporate culture:- the changes must occur with in internal
system of organisation so that it can benefit more to all children.
Lewin's 3-Stage Model of Change
This model was formulated by Lewin which provide structure to organisation so that they
can implement changes in order to enhance health. It is one of the most effective model of
changing inn an appropriate manner. In this, there are three steps include such as unfreezing,
change and freeze. This model should apply in school so that use of mobile among school
children can be prevented (Quelly, Norris and DiPietro, 2016). As the use of mobile by school
children cause high number of health issues with in children. So, the prevention of this is
necessary to be occur in school as it cause various health issue in health of children. In order to
develop good health, it is necessary to develop changes so that health issues can be prevented
from this. There are three steps of this model of change which are described below.
Unfreezing Stage – It is first stage of this model which help in dealing with prevention
of health problem that occur by use of mobiles by school children. In this stage, health care
practitioner needs focus on learning about use of mobiles by children. With the help of this stage,
care providers can determine the importance of change that is needed to be implemented with in
system of school. The educational institution needs to process some skilfulness activities that so
that use of mobile can be minimized at much level (Chun, 2018). This stage refers to care and
service providers from which they can apply needed changes that is necessary to be occur in
management of school. With this, management of schools can determine various activities that
can help in change and divert of mind of students so that prevention of health issues can be
occur. The teachers can explain disadvantages of using mobile phones to children. This also
helps in determining benefits of activities to students.
Change Stage – This stage refers to plan of change that is needed to execute in school
management. The benefits of change can be state to parents and teachers so that they can provide
support in implementing changes successfully. This is also known as move stage from which
teachers, care providers, parents and children support needed change in order to prevent health
issues.
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Refreezing Stage – it is the last stage of this model which have motive to solidifies
changes by health care providers and others. After the implementation of changes with in
behaviour of children than this stage focuses on implementing changes on a lo0ng term purpose.
Force field analysis
There are various factor that influence situation of use of addiction of smartphones
among children. The factors includes different kinds of activities and exercise that help in divert
children from mobile. This impact positively in the behaviour of children. There are other factors
present which restrict in managing situation (Lee and Busiol, 2016). These factors develop
negative impact on health of children. The factors are changing in their behaviour which lead to
cause of excessive aggressive action. This develops restriction among management from which
they are not able to provide changes with in their behaviour.
Evaluation of success
The implementation of changes can be seen as successfully. There are many children who
are initiating changes with in their habit (Yang, 2017). The use of various leadership and
management theory is implemented successfully. It impact positively on the behaviour of
children as they reduce the use of smartphones in their daily life. The behaviour can be seen in
good manner among others. Now they are also make understandable of positive and negative
impact of mobiles that can harm health or can cause many issues.
Recommendations
It has been recommended from above report is that, use of mobiles can cause crucial
issues in the life of children. It can cause various impact on health of children which is needed to
be reduce so that their health can be prevented. The parents and school teachers need to
understand the impact of smartphone on children so that they can manage environment of school
according to it. There are various activities and exercise can be used with in learning and
educating environment of school. As this will lead to prevention of health issues that arise due to
excessive use of it. With the help of continuously monitoring, parents and education providers
can control the addiction of digital appliances. There are different leadership and management
theories that can be used to measure the habit of students with respect to use of smartphones. By
applying theories with in management of schools can prevent habits of children by changing it
towards other healthy habits. These theories must apply with in system of schools so that it can
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help in managing their habits properly. The use of theories can successfully implement changes
that are necessary to be occur with in the system of school.
Conclusion
From the above assignment, it has been concluded that use of mobiles by school children
causes various impact on their life. As with this, various changes can be seen with in their
behaviour, action and other. The use of mobile phones can cause various impact on the health of
children as they become more aggressive towards others. As the smartphones has been included
with in the habit of children which cause several changes such as making them mentally sick.
This result in various impact on mind state of children which can lead to lowering of learning in
the class. The health issues related to use of mobiles can be prevented by use of various
leadership and management theories that help in determining affect of smartphones on schools
children. With the help of this, the changes can be implemented with in management of school.
This result in prevention of health issues that are developed due to excessive use of smartphones.
This theories also helps in promoting change among parents from which they can take further
step in reducing use of mobiles by their children. The use of these theories in management of
school can prevent personal relationship of children among others. In addition to this, various
activities can be developed which help in enhancing physical, mental and emotional health of
children.
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