Mobile Computing: Trends, Applications, and Challenges

This assignment delves into the realm of mobile computing, examining its historical development, current trends, and potential future advancements. It explores the various devices that constitute mobile computing, including laptops, desktops, smartphones, tablets, and smartwatches. The discussion highlights the advantages and disadvantages associated with mobile computing and emphasizes its impact on research and innovation. Furthermore, the assignment analyzes the significant role of mobile cloud computing, big data, and 5G networks in shaping a smarter and more interconnected world.

Running head: MOBILE COMPUTING
Effects Mobile Computing on Business Organizations
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s note

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Cover Letter
Dear ,
I would like to thank you for accepting my topic of research and giving me an
opportunity to work in my field of interest. I am happy to inform you that I am submitting an
original research paper on the “Effects of mobile computing on organizations”.
I will begin my study with a detailed literature review of the subject which will offer an
insight about mobile computing and its features. The literature is going to help me form a base of
my research.
In the study there is an analysis about how information and communication technology
along with mobile computing system has encouraged and boost the operation of an organization
to reach its optimum limit of operation on a day to day basis. The study has been conducted
using several means and tools of research. Secondary data and primary data about the topic has
been reviewed and analyzed in qualitative and quantitative sections.
I believe that the study is ready for submission.
I look forward to your reviews on the report.
Sincerely,

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Introduction
Also referred to as human-computer interaction mobile computing is a generic term to
define the usage of information and data from anywhere. It is basically the application of internet
data through information technology tools and devices available at any geographical location. A
range of devices can be used by an individual so that it allows him or her to access data and
information from wherever they are. These devices can be connected to a internet through the
local area network (LAN), or Wi-Fi could be used as an option. Apart from that wireless
technology by connecting via a wireless local area network (WLAN) is also available. It is
basically used for the purpose of communication.
It consists of a group of scattered service providers that is used to connect, and coordinate
through mobile communication protocols. Mobile computing is a process by which the
communication has taken a leaps and bounces ahead. With just a touch of a button on is
connected to the rest of the world. There are certainly very significant advantages of the
technology and it is widely used all over the world by common people on a daily basis to
communicate. Firstly: connectivity has become very easy, smooth and is available anywhere and
anytime. Secondly one of the most relevant benefits of mobile computing is that it helps a person
to socialize without. Thirdly, the usage of the data and the device can be customized as per the
users comfort and requirement.
Along with the advantages that are discussed that are several challenges that are face by
this technology and the first and foremost challenge is that of infrastructure. To be able to make
connectivity and internet available it is important for the people have the right kind of

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infrastructure in most part of the world the connectivity is not that strong because the set up is
not strong enough. Another challenge of this technology is the lack of awareness among the
people. Very less people know about the proper usage of the technology and most people have a
vague knowledge and the utility of the technology is not meet to its full potential.
Today mobile computing is used widely in business organizations for every aspect of
operation; be it manufacturing, communication or management of the organization as a whole.
For example: There are factories that are fully automated and the process of breaking down of
the raw materials to the last minute packaging takes place in the under the supervision of skilled
expert with just adjusting few buttons on the remote control. Another example of the usage of
mobile computing in organization is the use of internal e-mail to communicate internally with the
employees of the organization. As business is a dynamic phenomenon and I has to upgrade with
the growing trends and technologies of the world to survive the economy where it operates, ICT
and mobile computing has become inseparable to any organization.

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Literature review
Advantages of mobile computing
Mobile computing has evolved the lifestyle of people and the operation procedure of an
organization to the core. It has a pervasive nature and has spread like no other phenomenon n the
recent past. There are several advantages of using mobile computing like: rapid conversation
process, prompt feedback option, anywhere anytime availability, aid during emergent situations
(Han, Liang and Zhang 2015).
According to Dinh et al. (2013), some of the examples of the devices used in mobile computing
are smart phones, laptops, tablets smart watches etc. All these components of mobile computing
are easily available by the common people. With the development of aneroid and IOS systems by
Google and Apple it has revolutionized the way mobile phones were being used. Now mobile
phones have a new name called the “Smartphone”. These smart phones with the help of
applications can run an entire organization. Some of the advantages of mobile cloud computing
stated in the report are: usage of stored information from any part of the globe with the help of
internet connectivity. This information can also be stored from any geographical location as well
(Kwon, Baker and Church 2014).
Dinh et al. (2013), in this studied has mentioned the significance of mobile cloud
computing and its role to play in the business organizations. Form small and medium enterprises
cloud computing is very helpful as it saves a lot of operation cost I terms of buying storage and
back up of information. As it can be accessed from anywhere it offers mobility and flexibility of
the user to customize it according to requirement.

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Challenges faced by mobile computing
With every changing and upgrading technologies new and more challenging factors are
faced by the authorities to make the technology available to the mass consumption.
On the other hand Pejovic and Musolesi (2015) have discussed about the disadvantages
as well as the challenges that are faced by mobile computing. The mobile phones are not any
more used for only voice communication. It has become smart and has a lot more utility than just
communication. All thanks to mobile computing Smartphone now can also organize the daily
routines, develop and maintain social activities, help individuals to enjoy in the free time. It also
can handle emergencies efficiently and promptly. One of the biggest disadvantage of using such
cutting edge technology is that the privacy and the anonymity of the user of such technology
might be at risk all the times as the these smart phone collect the data and sends it to through the
internet which can be infiltrated by external force to reveal the saved information which is
private. For example: If two people want to exchange some kind of data through Bluetooth
service and have switched the system on. A third party if he wants to can easily connect to any of
the person’s phone and derive data by hacking the system. When it comes to large data the cloud
computing fails as it can offer only a particular amount of storage to an individual. Mostly they
have to purchase more and more data space.
Implementation of the system is a challenge as the implementation requires knowledge of
the technology, the infrastructure to build the technology to make it available to the common
people.

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Ubiquitous nature of mobile computing
Ubiquitous in layman language can be defined as something that is omnipresent. Mobile
computing is in the finger tips of human being and is available at any time and any place where
there is internet connectivity. This topic is being voraciously research and new and improved
methods and technologies are surfacing every day. The convergence of Information Technology
has improved the standard of living and the way life is lead in general of the common people, in
the day to day operation of a business organization and so on (Alzahrani, Alalwan and Sarrab
2014).
According to Chung, Yoo and Kim (2014), the technology is used to offer customized an
personalized services according to the nature of the life styles that are lead by individuals, for the
technologies to provide optimal service to the user it must be able to detect the lifestyle, the
surrounding, the intentions as well as the circumstantial environment of the user. Some of the
trends that have developed in the recent past to enhance the experience of the usage of mobile
computing offering it the feature of being available at any place and any time are: The operating
systems that are being used by the mobiles and the tables are constantly upgrading itself to offer
the users a better experience.
The mobile applications that are used by the platforms are also one of the main features
of mobile computing that provides the user an edge with the technology. The technology has also
equipped and has led to the convergence of networks and communication systems in the world.
The wireless and also wired convergence of the mobile networking systems are also a recent
trend of the technology. Another important aspect of the ubiquitous nature of mobile computing
is the control of access and privacy settings of the systems (Rahimi, 2014).

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Sykes (2014) has mentioned in the report that mobile computing is pervasive and is
touching every aspect of the daily life of a common person. One of the greatest reasons for this
nature of mobile computing is the availability of Smartphone. The cost of data usage has also
leveraged in the system of mobile computing in many countries. Similarly for an organization
mobile computing has been revolutionary in the daily operations.
Mobile computing and communications
Communication is the process by which thoughts, ideas, information, data etc are
transferred to another person or a group of people is called communication. It is usually a two
way process there is a reviver and a sender of message. Mobile computing is a device of
communication which has enables prompt two way communication and feedback, anywhere;
anytime feature and it also has the feature of using the same information from various choices of
devices. Mobile computing has changed the course of traditional communication now people use
E-mails rather than writing letters. In an organizational scenario mobile computing has been like
a boon. For example: if an important message has to be sent by the management to the
employees of the organization they can either use e-mail or can use the personal chat service etc
(Dalmasso et al. 2013).
The aspect of feedback is an important in case of communication process and with the
help of mobile computing services this process has become much easier for the business
organizations to communicate with the customers. For example: online word of mouth or
reviews helps the company receive an insight about a brand product or service (Zhu 2014).
Application of Information technology in Organizations

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According to the Bloom et al. (2014), Information and communication technology is
dependent on each other while the later centralizes information the other decentralizes it. With
the advancement of technology an organization also has to keep upgrading in order to perform
better and in sync with the rest of the industry. This raises the cost of production of the product
or service that is being offered. A drop in the cost of communication will give a tendency of
reduction in the employee autonomy, as decisions will be passed up to the centre of the
organization. On the other hand a reduction in information costs will have the opposite impact,
enabling increased impactful decision by the employee.
Tools used for mobile computing
According to Musumba and Nyongesa (2013), some of the tools that are required for
mobile computing are laptops, desktop; Smartphone, tablets and smart watches are the latest
addition to the trend of mobile computing Innovation and modernization of technology has
enabled mobile computing to generate more and more opportunity in research to make the usage
of the technology easy and making optimum utility.

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Reference list:
Alzahrani, A., Alalwan, N. and Sarrab, M., 2014, April. Mobile cloud computing: advantage,
disadvantage and open challenge. In Proceedings of the 7th Euro American Conference on
Telematics and Information Systems(p. 21). ACM.
Bloom, N., Garicano, L., Sadun, R. and Van Reenen, J., 2014. The distinct effects of information
technology and communication technology on firm organization. Management Science, 60(12),
pp.2859-2885.
Chung, K.Y., Yoo, J. and Kim, K.J., 2014. Recent trends on mobile computing and future
networks.
Dalmasso, I., Datta, S.K., Bonnet, C. and Nikaein, N., 2013, July. Survey, comparison and
evaluation of cross platform mobile application development tools. In Wireless Communications
and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2013 9th International (pp. 323-328). IEEE.
Dinh, H.T., Lee, C., Niyato, D. and Wang, P., 2013. A survey of mobile cloud computing:
architecture, applications, and approaches. Wireless communications and mobile
computing, 13(18), pp.1587-1611.
Han, Q., Liang, S. and Zhang, H., 2015. Mobile cloud sensing, big data, and 5g networks make
an intelligent and smart world. IEEE Network, 29(2), pp.40-45.
Kwon, K., Baker, P. and Church, A.R., Infiniwing, Inc., 2014. Systems and methods for securing
mobile computing devices. U.S. Patent 8,649,169.

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Musumba, G.W. and Nyongesa, H.O., 2013. Context awareness in mobile computing: A
review. International Journal of Machine Learning and Applications, 2(1), pp.5-pages.
Pejovic, V. and Musolesi, M., 2015. Anticipatory mobile computing: A survey of the state of the
art and research challenges. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 47(3), p.47.
Rahimi, M.R., Ren, J., Liu, C.H., Vasilakos, A.V. and Venkatasubramanian, N., 2014. Mobile
cloud computing: A survey, state of art and future directions. Mobile Networks and
Applications, 19(2), pp.133-143.
Sykes, E.R., 2014. New methods of mobile computing: From smartphones to smart
education. TechTrends, 58(3), p.26.
Zhu, C., Shu, L., Hara, T., Wang, L., Nishio, S. and Yang, L.T., 2014. A survey on
communication and data management issues in mobile sensor networks. Wireless
Communications and Mobile Computing, 14(1), pp.19-36.