Full Free Best Assignment on Molecular Cell Biology

Running head: MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
ENDOGENOUS REGENERATION (HUMAN BRAIN)
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MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY1
According to the movie Alita (2019), the human brain can be implanted on the body
of a robot to give rise to a cyborg. Alita has been found to consist of a fully functional human
brain. For example, Alita can hear by the transfer of sound signals in the form of electrical
signals to the brain (Cameron & Landau, 2019). Alita was created by transplanting a human
brain inside the artificial body. However, it can be stated that, to function as a human Alita
needs the other four essential organs- the heart, the lungs, the kidneys and the liver. This
paper will discuss the process of endogenous regeneration in the brain of Alita which has
been found to be evident in this movie.
Endogenous regeneration in the brain has been defined as the cell’s ability to engage
in the repair process along with regeneration. Endogenous neural stem cells and regenerative
molecules have been found to participate in the process of repair and replacement of damaged
glial cells and neurons. In adults, neural stem cells have been found to reside in the
subventricular zone. This section has been found to be present in Alita’s brain which repairs
and replaces the damaged brain neurons to keep her functional. According to the movie Alita,
it has been observed that HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), FGF-2 (Fibroblast Growth Factor)
and Galectin-1 has been used as the transcription signalling factors necessary for the
regeneration of brain cells. Neurogenesis has been found to be associated with
neurotransmitters such as EGF (Epidermal Growth Factors), GABA, NRGs (neuregulins),
VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factors) and PEDF (pigment epithelium-derived factor)
(Li & Chen, 2016). These factors have been identified to support the regeneration process
together. In the movie, it has been observed that in case of the damages and brain injuries to
Alita, neurogenesis was found to be insufficient to save the life of Alita. Blocking the
inhibitory factors such as those expressed in myelin, NG2-glia and reactive oligodendrocytes
have been observed to be effective in starting the process of human brain regeneration in
Alita. Neurogenesis in other organisms (humans) have been found to occur in the central