Motivation Theories and Their Practical Application in Business

Cover Page
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Module Name: Managing People and Systems
Assessment 2: Individual Essay
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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................2
Relevant theories..................................................................................................................................3
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs............................................................................................................3
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory..........................................................................................................3
McGregor’s X and Y Theory...............................................................................................................3
Analysis..................................................................................................................................................4
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs............................................................................................................4
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory..........................................................................................................4
McGregor’s X and Y Theory...............................................................................................................4
Conclusion and Recommendations.......................................................................................................5
References.............................................................................................................................................6

Introduction
Motivation can be described as process which stimulate people in order to complete action for
attainment of goals. In order to attain goals of business, there are different psychological factors
which create impact over behaviour of people (Guillen Guiral, 2018). It can be derived from needs,
wants, derives present within a person. It is one of component to be adopted in business in order to
motivate employees to work with efficient manner and also for improve work performance in
organisation. This project report consists relevant theories of motivation to be adopted by business.
It also consists discussion of how these theories can be applied practically in business.
Relevant theories
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
It is one of motivation theory which was introduced by Abraham Maslow In the year 1943. It is one
of important theory which divide newts of human in different categories. In this, after satisfaction of
one need, a person shifts to second phase of needs. Explanation of these needs of Maslow theory is
mentioned below:
 Physiological needs: It is one of need that consist basic requirement of human being that is
essential for purpose of their survival. It consists clothing, food, shelter, sleep and other
things.
 Safety needs: a person wants security and safety in their life that provide them stability. It
can be in form of health and well-being, social stability, employment welfare and other
things.
 Social needs: Human is a social person and due to this, they felt emotional needs of a
person. It is a need which can be fulfilled through interpersonal relationship, connectedness,
affiliating and other manner (Herron, 2022).
 Esteem needs: This need is linked with self-worth, respect as well as accomplishments. In
order to satisfy these needs, a person require respect from other people, wants to build
status and prestige in society.
 Self-actualisation: It is one of needs which is at the last stage of Maslow motivation theory.
It can be satisfied with realisation of potential of individual, seeking personal growth and
also self-fulfilment.
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
It is one of motivation theory which was introduced by Fredrick Herzberg in the year 1959. Fredrick
Herzberg is a behavioural scientist who proposed two factor theory which is also known as motivator
hygiene theory (Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation, 2022). As per this theory, some factors
are there which results in satisfaction whereas other factors contribute to prevent from
dissatisfaction. In this theory, opposite of satisfaction is no satisfaction and opposite of
dissatisfaction is no dissatisfaction.
Hygiene Factors: Hygiene factors can be considered as one of important factors which are essential
for purpose of existence of motivation at workplace. It is one of important component that leads to
positive satisfaction for purpose of long-term period (Jamal and Siddiqui, 2020). Absence of these
factors in business can leads to dissatisfaction in business. Presence of these factors foe not create
dissatisfaction among employees and also known as maintenance factors needed for avoiding
dissatisfaction.