Understanding Why People Work: Motivational Theories and Coping Strategies

BSc (Hons) Business Management with
Foundation
BMP3004
World of Work
Understanding why people work
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Contents

Introduction 1
What does Motivation Mean? 1
The various factors which motivate employees to work
4
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their
job roles 5
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their
job roles 6
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees
experience as a result of their job roles 7
Conclusion 7
References 8

Introduction
An individual work for earning money. They need money for fulfilling their
requirements such as food, rent and enjoying with family and friends. Money is not
the only reason to work. Working also provide some extra benefits apart from money
such as working provides independence and control over life. When an individual
work, it enhances their skills, learning new things, and they met with new people at
their job. People work to be contribute in their society. This report includes
motivational theories, how to deal with different people in working environment.
Moreover, it encompasses that how employees can be motivated and how
employees should deal with negative results they experiencing from their job.
What does Motivation Mean?
Motivation is the process that motivates an individual towards achieving their
aim, goal and objectives (Abualoush et. al., 2018). In other words, motivation refers
guiding and maintain a goal oriented behavior.
According to Stephen P. Robbins “Motivation is the willingness to exert high levels of
efforts towards organization goals, conditioned by the effort ability to satisfy some
individual need (Berdicchia, Bracci, and Masino, 2021).
1. Maslow's need hierarchy theory
Maslow's need hierarchy theory is a study of human psychology. This theory
states that human is fully motivated to fulfill their needs in a hierarchical order
(Hartmann et. al.,). This hierarchy begins with basic needs and ended on self-
actualization needs.
 Psychological or basic needs – Psychological needs are biological need of a
human for survival such as food, air, water, shelter, cloth and sleep (Hattie,
Hodis, and Kang, 2020). These given needs are the basic needs for survival
of a human being and after fulfillment to these needs an individual think to
move on advanced needs.
 Safety needs – Safety needs are monetary security, personal security, and
health and well-being. Personal security refers to such as security from thefts
and anti - social elements.
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