Mr. Smith’s Pathophysiology Book Assignment

Running Head: Mr. Smith’s Pathophysiology
1
Mr. Smith's pathophysiology
Student's Name
Institution
Date

Mr. Smith’s Pathophysiology 2
Pathophysiology for Mr. Smith's case
The symptoms that Mr. Smith has include fatigue, asthenia, arthralgia, and abdominal pain. The
signs presented include a distended abdomen, painful palpation, yellowish skin, and pale nail
beds, tachypnea.
The social and personal history of Mr. Smith is that he drinks alcohol and smokes cigarettes; he
is allergic to iodine and penicillin. His family history is that Mr. Smith's father suffers from
sickle cell anaemia, essential hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. The mother underwent
mastectomy years ago due to breast cancer and suffered from sickle cell anaemia. Results in tests
showed reduced RBC, Hemoglobin electrophoresis, which indicates abnormal haemoglobin,
including Hbs (Rifai, 2018). Abdominal ultrasound showed Mr. Smith’s enlarged spleen in the
left upper quadrant. The complications the patient is suffering from are tachycardia, tachypnea,
jaundice, fever and infection
The mechanisms of cellular adaptation include hyperplasia, the increased number of cells in the
body as a result of cellular replication, hypertrophy, the increase in the size of body cells,
atrophy, the adaptation that happens when the functional part of the cell decreases and
metaplasia, the adaptation that occurs when one type of tissue is replaced by another tissue type
("072 The Four Types Of Cellular Adaptations," 2014, December 16).
There are two types of neoplasm when they are classified according to origin. Benign neoplasms
that occur when cells grow as a compact mass and remain at their origin site. Malignant
neoplasm, which is the uncontrolled cells' growth at a particular site of origin in the body, which
then spreads to other tissues (Yohe, 2015).