Report on Multism Design
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Added on 2020-04-21
Report on Multism Design
Added on 2020-04-21
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Running head: MULTISM DESIGN 0MULTISM DESIGNName of StudentInstitution Affiliation
MULTISM DESIGN 2Assessment 1 ASolar based street lighting In this design, it basically involves the use of solar energy to produce electrical energy which is then employed in the lighting of the street (street lighting). PV modules which have input voltage ranging from 10 – 18 V. From this PV array, the generated power is taken to a DC-DC boost converter. From the boost converter, the energy is passed to the DC – AC inverter which is then passed to the load (LED for lighting) while the excess energy is stored in the 12 Vdc[ CITATION Has13 \l 1033 ]. The power can as well be taken directly from a single phase overhead where the lights are set. The energy obtained from this is passed through a transformer which will then step it down from 230 Vac to 24 Vac (transformer). From the transformer, the stepped down power is taken to a voltage regulator where the 24 Vac is converted to 12 Vdc through AC- DC converter. From the voltage regulator, the power will join the PV power through the DC-DC boost converter. The summary of the whole operation is shown in the figurebelow;
MULTISM DESIGN 3Fig 3: Shows a block diagram of the street lighting.The main design in this system is the design of the DC-DC converter with the MOSFET 555 timer as the switch. There are two modes of operations which are explained below. The continuous mode comprises the capacitor, diode, the switching device (MOSFET 555 timer) and the input voltage source[ CITATION Mar151 \l 1033 ]. The boost converter is always controlled by the pulse width modulator. When the switch is in ON state there will be energy developed in the conductor hence more energy will be given to the output. And the prototype diagram is shown below;Fig 5: DC – DC boost converter in continuous conduction mode.Discontinuous conduction mode also contains the same components as the continuous conduction mode. When the switch is in ON state the energy will be given to the stored power device (inductor). When the switch is in OFF state for some period thus current flowing in inductor will attain zero until the next switching cycle will be ON. Therefore, the capacitor will be discharged and charged with reverence to the voltage at the input. The diagram below shows the prototype of the DC-DC boost converter in discontinuous conduction Mode Circuit.
MULTISM DESIGN 4Fig 7: Shows the DC-DC Boost Converter in Discontinuous Conduction Mode. In the whole design, the MOSFET 555 timer is used as the switch. Methodology This design is like a design of a system, which has several components that are not intergraded. The main design is street lighting system which has LED lighting system[ CITATION Fad12 \l 1033 ]. The load in the LED is 5 by 5 as shown below. Fig 8: 5 by 5 LED The typical DC-DC boost converter without the MOSFET is shown below,
MULTISM DESIGN 5Fig 9: Shows a prototype of DC-DC Boost converter While the setup of the boost converter with the MOSFET 555 timer is shown as below Calculation of Duty cycle The duty cycle (D) of the operation is calculated using the following equation D= 1- Vin(min)Vout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i)D= 1- 1024D= 1-0.4166666667D= 0.583333 or 58.33%
MULTISM DESIGN 6Output voltage setting This can be shown by the voltage divider as shown,Fig 10: Showing the voltage divider network The value of R1 and R2 can be calculated as shown below,R2= VoutIout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ii)R,2 = 240.042 = 571 ΩR1= R2 × { VoutVin(Max) – 1} . . . . .. . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(iii)
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