Ask a question from expert

Ask now

BHS006-1 Chemistry and Molecular Genetics

8 Pages1841 Words203 Views
   

University of Bedfordshire

   

Chemistry and Molecular Genetics (BHS006-1)

   

Added on  2020-04-21

BHS006-1 Chemistry and Molecular Genetics

   

University of Bedfordshire

   

Chemistry and Molecular Genetics (BHS006-1)

   Added on 2020-04-21

BookmarkShareRelated Documents
NameCity and stateName of the classInstructorInstitutionDateNumber of words: 1500Genetics report (questions and answers)1. Chromatins are found in Eukaryotic chromosomes. Explain what chromatins are and their structure as found in eukaryotic chromosomesChromatins are a complex of nucleic acids either RNA or DNA that condenses to a chromosome during cell multiplication. In eurokaryotic (organisms with membrane bound nucleus) cells the chromatin is found within the nucleus where it helps in packaging of DNA into smaller volumes so as to fit in a cell. It also strengthens the DNA to allow for the process of meiosis and mitosis Chromatin structure of eukaryotic chromosomesThe chromosomes contain long DNA strands that carry genetic information. The eukaryotic cellshave large genomes than prokaryotes that has multiple and linear chromosomes. However, the length plus linear nature of the chromosomes increases the ability of keeping the genetic materialorganized as well as of passing the correct amount of DNA to every daughter cell during the process of mitosis.2. What are the transformations in chromatin structure that exist during the process of mitosis?
BHS006-1 Chemistry and Molecular Genetics_1
During the initial phase, interphase chromatin remains in condensed form as well as appears loosely distributed in the entire nucleus. Condensation of the chromatin starts during the prophase stage where the chromosomes become visible and remains condensed in the rest of the phases of mitosis up to the final stage telophase.3. The mechanism of chromosomes mitotic separation.Before the commencement of anaphase, a replicated chromosomes reoffered to as sister chromatids are aligned at the centre of the cell. The sister chromatids are joined at the centromere where during this stage each chromosome pair is separated into two chromosomes that are identical and independent. The chromosomes are then separated by the mitotic spindle which is made up of microtubules that are attached to the chromosome at one pole as well as to the end of a cell at the other pole. However, the sister chromatids are divided concurrently at thecentromere where the separate chromosomes are pulled by a spindle to the other sides of the cell.4. What is interphase and what happens during this stage of the cell cycle? Interphase is a stage of the cell cycle where a cell spends most of its life. During this stage, the cell duplicates their DNA as it prepares for mitosis. Interphase can be defined as the metabolic stage of a cell where it get’s nutrients as well as metabolizes them , reads the DNA and performs other functions of the cell. A vast number of eukaryotic cells spend most of their time in this phase where a cell gets ready for meiosis or mitosis. Diploid cells or somatic cells of the body gothrough mitosis so as to reproduce themselves via cell multiplication whilst diploid germ cells gothrough meiosis to form gametes for reproduction.5. What the percentage cell in each stage of the cell cycle denotes The distribution of cells continues to decline as a cell undergoes meiosis or mitosis from the initial stage, interphase to telophase. 6. Calculating the mitotic index value for onion root samples
BHS006-1 Chemistry and Molecular Genetics_2
Mitotic index for the control group = (30/350) × 100= 8.57%Mitotic index for the dark cellar on earth = (12/312) × 100 = 3.85%Mitotic index for the sunlight on earth in babybio plant feed = (72/480) ×100 = 15%Mitotic index value for sunlight in space station = (60/480) ×100= 12.5%7. A table showing the number of m-phase cells, interphase cells plus the mitotic index for the datasets.Growth conditionInterphasemetaphaseMitotic indexControl group (in sunlight on earth)32078.75%In dark cellar on earth30023.85%In sunlight on earth with babybio plant feed4081915%In sunlight in space station4201612.5%
BHS006-1 Chemistry and Molecular Genetics_3

End of preview

Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.

Related Documents
Significance of Chromosomal Behaviour during Cell Division
|7
|929
|271

Cell Division and Heredity Assignment
|11
|2271
|230

Diagrams for Meiosis and Mitosis with Importance in Gamete Formation and Variation
|7
|659
|127

Biochemistry Learning
|5
|1160
|253

Mitosis and Meiosis: Significance and Description
|16
|2332
|210

Mitosis and Meiosis | Report
|9
|532
|23