Analysis of Network Hardware and Network Design

NETWORK DESIGN 7 7 NETWORK DESIGN Network Design Author Note Introduction 2 Detailed network diagram 3 Mandurah Head Office (LAN) 3 Mandurah Aquatic and Recreation Centre (LAN) 4 Mandurah Library (LAN) 5 Falcon Library (LAN) 6 Mandurah Museum (LAN) 7 Mandurah Seniors and Community Centre (LAN) 8 Mandurah Waste Management Centre (LAN) 9 Overall Wide Area Network 10 Analysis of Network hardware and cabling required at a Local Area Network 10 Network

Running head: NETWORK DESIGN
Network Design
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................2
Detailed network diagram.....................................................................................................................3
Mandurah Head Office (LAN).............................................................................................................3
Mandurah Aquatic and Recreation Centre (LAN)..............................................................................4
Mandurah Library (LAN)....................................................................................................................5
Falcon Library (LAN)...........................................................................................................................6
Mandurah Museum (LAN).................................................................................................................7
Mandurah Seniors and Community Centre (LAN)..............................................................................8
Mandurah Waste Management Centre (LAN)...................................................................................9
Overall Wide Area Network.............................................................................................................10
Analysis of Network hardware and cabling required at a Local Area Network....................................10
Network Interface Cards – 1GBPS Network Card, 802.11AC Wireless.............................................10
Cables – Cat 6..................................................................................................................................11
Switch (48 Port, 1 GBPS Switch – Cisco) – VLAN Capable................................................................11
Router – Routing Protocols (RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, ISIS, OSPF, BGP)......................................................12
Servers (Print Server, File Server, Backup Server, Domain Controller)............................................12
PC’s..................................................................................................................................................12
Justification......................................................................................................................................13
Printers and Scanners......................................................................................................................13
Analysis of Network hardware and cabling required at a Wide Area Network level...........................13
What WAN Solution.........................................................................................................................13
Compare different solutions............................................................................................................14
Business WAN solutions..................................................................................................................14
Recommendation............................................................................................................................14
Detailed hardware and software.........................................................................................................15
Desktop OS......................................................................................................................................15

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Mobile OS........................................................................................................................................15
Switch OS.........................................................................................................................................15
Router OS........................................................................................................................................15
Standard Operating Environment (Windows 10, MS Office, Adobe Creative Cloud).......................15
Security............................................................................................................................................15
VLAN................................................................................................................................................15
Firewall............................................................................................................................................16
Encryption to scramble readable text into unreadable text............................................................16
Restrictions on user accounts..........................................................................................................16
Assumptions and Green IT considerations..........................................................................................16
Assumption 1: It is assumed that all PC’s in the Mandurah Head Office already have Windows 1016
Assumption 2: It is assumed that all the nodes on the network have an wireless connection
enabled in them..............................................................................................................................16
Solar Panels.....................................................................................................................................16
Low Energy Compliant Devices........................................................................................................17
Policy: That all employees turn off their machine at night..............................................................17
Policy: All Screens turn off after 5 minutes idle...............................................................................17
Bibliography.........................................................................................................................................18

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Introduction
The report is used for the description of the network infrastructure of the city of
Mandurah. The local government of Western Australian is looking to address the IT issues
currently faced in the city. I have been consulted for providing the city with the It solutions
that would solve the network issues within the city. The city has various buildings and
services that require that the IT support and network set up. Hence the analysis of the city
and the set of a fully functional network plan is to be discussed in this report.
The network designs for the individual sites and the services have been provided in this
report and a MAN network design for the whole of the design have been provided. The
descriptions and the analysis for the selection of the hardware is also has been added for
the benefit of the reader. Additional information about the Green IT solutions and the
developed hardware and solution have been addressed in the report.

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Detailed network diagram
Mandurah Head Office (LAN)

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Mandurah Aquatic and Recreation Centre (LAN)

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Mandurah Library (LAN)

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Falcon Library (LAN)

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Mandurah Museum (LAN)

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Mandurah Seniors and Community Centre (LAN)

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Mandurah Waste Management Centre (LAN)

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Overall Wide Area Network
Analysis of Network hardware and cabling required at a
Local Area Network
Network Interface Cards – 1GBPS Network Card, 802.11AC
Wireless
A Network Interface Card (NIC) is and does what it says: it is an installable option card that
provides an interface onto a network (usually a LAN) for a computer system. A point-to-point
connections interface is usually called a serial card rather than a NIC, although in general terms it is
also a network interface. Although most current PC motherboards have built-in Ethernet, this was
not always the case. Early models of PC were created when LANs were in their infancy and not
widely used, so one had to install a NIC to get on the network. Even now if your built-in network
interface is not high enough spec, or you need multiple interfaces, you can install additional NICs in
the option slots. The TP link Gigabit PCl Express cards are used in the network so that they would be
very efficient in connecting the system with the network adapter. It is suitable for the network that
supports different type of broadband in the ranges varying from 10 Mbps and 1000 Mbps.

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In addition to this it is also noted that there is need to expand the network in the future and
hence, this can be done efficiently by installing wireless methods into the network. 802.11AC
Wireless interface would be favourable for this system. Every vendor of wireless routers and access
points such as TP-link, Cisco, and Aruba need to pass the Wi-Fi alliance certification. Only then they
can be called as Wi-Fi device. IEEE 802.11ac is the recent standard (allows faster speed and greater
power save for your client devices, mobile phones) being used by many mobiles and hardware
vendors. But the same hardware should support the basic 802.11 device which came in the year
2000. This would also support the IP phones by the year 2020.
Cables – Cat 6
For the wiring of the whole network it is suggested that the Cat 6 Cable s are used. The
network renovation is being done in this case and all the aspects of the network are being upgraded,
hence the choice of Cat 6 cables have been done as they would support the network in the long run.
Although CAT 5E cable is cheap, it is quite slow. CAT 5E offers data transfer speeds of One Gbps per
second at 100 MHz up to 328 feet. There is a lesser interference and a lesser chance of transmission
error in these cables. This is majorly because the crosstalk amongst the wires within the cable
remains under control. These cables will definitely offer a good quality performance for the
applications used in today’s age. But when you use Cat5e, there are lesser chances for upgrading in a
long run. Needless to say, CAT 6 cable is more expensive and faster than CAT 5E. However, it is not
very efficient when it comes to covering very long distances. As CAT6’s insulation has been
enhanced, it can support data transfer speed of up to 10 Gbps at 250 MHz with no crosstalk
interference. But 10 Gbps speed is effective only up to 164 feet. Despite of this limitation, CAT6
cables are more capable in handling the speed of Gigabit Ethernet networks. In future, there is a
possibility that Cat6 might replace HDMI as the video/audio transmission tool. In addition to this,
there are the Cat 6A cables that can be used for the network and it would be the best option for the
network. However the cost of implementation of the network would increase to a great extent and
there is a scope for the network to expand in the future and hence the selection of Cat 6 cables have
been done.
Switch (48 Port, 1 GBPS Switch – Cisco) – VLAN Capable
The Cisco switches are selected for the distribution of the network. The 48 port versions of
the switches have been used in the head office since there are 40 computers that is to be
accommodated by the network and in addition to this, the 1 GBPS speed of the switches provide the
network with world class efficiency. The Cisco Catalyst 3850 Series Switches are the next generation
of enterprise-class, stackable, access layer switches. They also support full IEEE 802.3at Power over
Ethernet Plus (PoE+), Universal Power over Ethernet (UPOE), modular and field-replaceable network

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modules, redundant fans, and power supplies. Supported uplinks in the module of the switch is 4 x
1/10GE network module (can be used for the 48-port RJ-45 models and for the 12-port (or higher)
10-gigabit-capable models).
Router – Routing Protocols (RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, ISIS, OSPF, BGP)
The Router in the network would be allocated with the protocols so that they function
properly in the network. The RIP or the routing information protocol helps the network by
employing the hop count as the routing metrics. It also helps in preventing the loops during routing
by limiting the number of hoops allowed for path from source to destination. IGRP is also used in
the router, it is the Interior Gateway Routing Protocol, which is also known as the distance vector
interior gateway protocol. It helps the router in exchanging the data within the network, and hence
known as a propriety protocol. Additionally, the EIGRP can also be include, it is the Enhanced Interior
Gateway Routing Protocol that would the help the router in automating the routing decisions and
configurations for the network and is also suitable for different types of topologies and media.
Alternatively the ISIS protocol can also be used for the router and it is similar to the BGP protocol. It
provides link state routing by reliably flooding link state information throughout a network of
routers. The open shortest first path is or the OSPF routing protocol helps the router to find the best
path for the packets in the network to travel and provide the maximum efficiency for the network.
Hence the configuration of the router with these protocols would be suitable for the network.
Servers (Print Server, File Server, Backup Server, Domain
Controller)
The network is to be configured by means of servers. The print server is one of the most
efficient servers that would be handling a number of printers that are implemented in the network.
The Single Parallel Port Fast Ethernet Print Server TL-PS110P print servers provided by TP-Link can be
used as the print server for the network. It allows the users to take the computer out of the loop
while setting up network of printers. This would allow any computer to access the printers by means
of LAN. The File server is also very important since the network is connected to the cloud and the
internet the cloud servers would be obtained for the file server. In addition to this, the online server
would also enable the organization to the back up the data and hence, it the job of a backup server
would also be done by the online server. Additionally a Domain controller would be installed in the
head office of the organization and this would help in the security authentication for the request to
the servers. It would act as a medium in between the hosts and the clients for access the servers.
The domain controller would be implemented with the bridge in the system that is used for the
connection to the other aspects of the network.

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PC’s
For each of the offices the Lenovo - (Celeron Dual Core/4 GB DDR3/500 GB/Windows 10
Home) (Black, 19.5 Inch Screen) computers would be installed. The computer is perfect as per the
requirement of the network, it is an AIO PC for office and this is the perfect for the network. For the
main office the HP - (Core i3 (6th Gen)/4 GB DDR 4/1 TB/Windows 10 Home/512 MB) (Black, 34.2 cm
x 48.6 cm x 4.8 cm, 3.5 kg, 19.5 Inch Screen) machines would be installed. These machines provide
excellent speed and storage for the system and also help the organization by providing and efficient
performance.
Justification
The network is divided into 7 different sectors with 6 different offices and service centres of
the city and a main head office. The head office is provided with the servers and the storage devices
for the whole network in the city. The direct connection is done to the head office via the internet.
The internet connection is distributed to the whole network with the help of bridges and switches.
The network is also protected with a firewall installed in the main office. The network routing is done
by means of repeaters and the centres are connected to the head office located in the city. The
connection from each of the centre is made to the cloud. In addition to this the domain controller is
set to connection in between the bridge and the repeaters and hence, the authentication facility is
implemented in the network. Hence the designed network would be both efficient and secured.
Printers and Scanners
The Canon MF4750 Multi-function Laser Printer (Black) is selected for the installation in the
main head centre of the network in the city. The printer comes with a host of useful features and is
also lightweight and ergonomically designed. With a print speed of up to 23 ppm, it will allow the
user to get crisp, clear printouts. In addition to this the additional printers that are to be added to
the network but the printers can be less functional and cheap. Hence, the HP Laserjet M1136 Printer
Black are selected for installation in the different centres of the city. The HP LaserJet 1136 Single
Toner Printer supports Instant-on technology and saves time when powering up. It comes with an
all-in-one HP cartridge and a hi-speed 2.0 USB port for durable prints and faster connectivity.
Additionally there are no requirements of adding scanners to the network as because the printers
that are installed in the network already supports the scanning operations and hence no additional
scanner is added to the network.

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Analysis of Network hardware and cabling required at a
Wide Area Network level
What WAN Solution
There has been huge advancements in the field of networking. Hence there are various
options that can be considered for the WAN solution in the city. The Frame relay solution is the one
that is thought the most suitable for selection for the implementation of the network. Other
solutions such as the ATM and ISDN solutions were thought of but the frame relay was the one that
was found suitable.
Compare different solutions
ATM, likewise called Cell Relay, is an ultra-high-speed switching and transmission texture
which is expected to frame the elite part of the city. The ATM parcel of city will be unmistakable
from the lower bandwidth transfer speed divides the network in the city. ATM benefit offering at
first work from 45 Mbps (DS-3 lines) to 155 Mbps (OC-3 lines), advancing to the gigabit every second
(Gbps) run (billion bits every second). ATM varies from Frame Relay through the utilization of fixed
36 length bundles called cells. ISDN is an standardized telecommunications network architecture
giving multi-channel, coordinated end-to-end network. ISDN permits the rapid 37 transmission of
advanced data through a solitary client interface, regardless of whether the substance is voice,
information, video or realistic pictures. Fundamental Rate ISDN (BRI) gives two full 56 Kbps
unhindered "B" channels for voice or information and one 16 Kbps "D" channel for flagging and
information, on a solitary line. To the end client ISDN administration will act "simply like" telephone
utility. The administration is advanced so there is no requirement for a modem, however terminal
connector equipment is required and "calls" are as yet set connecting the client to the objective
host. However the Frame relay services is selected as the services offer a better access speeds,
economy, and a clear transition path for increased bandwidth.
Business WAN solutions
There are options of the Business WAN solution that can be adopted for the network
implantation. The selection can be done in between the P2P network and Ethernet VPN.
P2P Network Ethernet VPN
Connects sites that are 45km or less apart. Connects sites nationally or internationally
Point-to-point direct fibre connections and Low
latency
Low latency
Standard bandwidths: 10 Mbps-1.6Tbps Standard bandwidths: 200 Kbps-1 Gbp

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Recommendation
The Ethernet VPN solution is selected as the network is to be spread over the whole city and
this justifies the selection, however the P2P Network offers a greater bandwidth, the distance is a
greater concern here.
Detailed hardware and software
Desktop OS
The Microsoft Windows 2010 version software would be used in the machines of the
organization.
Mobile OS
The mobiles that are to be run on the android operating systems. It would be helpful for the
mobiles to get connected to the network by means of wireless methods.
Switch OS
The switches would also be connected to the desktops having the Microsoft Windows 2010
operating systems. The CatOS is selected for the switches. All the layer 2 operations can be
performed efficiently by these Operating systems.
Router OS
The Cisco IOS would be selected as the operating system for the network routers. It is an
internetworking operating system that would help the network to perform efficient routing
functions. The operating system provides a total package of routing switching and distributing the
network in the city.
Standard Operating Environment (Windows 10, MS Office, Adobe
Creative Cloud)
For the standard operating environment the user are provided with the Widows 10
Operating system provided by Microsoft. The operating system allows the users to perform the tasks
of network. They allow the users to perform various type of multitasking process. The system would
also be supporting the Microsoft office products supported by the operating system. It would
provide the users with an efficient platform to perform the tasks related to documentation and
record keeping within the network. The Adobe products are also supported by the operating system.
Hence the Adobe creative cloud would be made available to the users of the system. This would help

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the users to make designs accordingly and create a wide range of designs and illustration in the
systems connected in the network.
Security
VLAN
A VLAN allows several networks to work virtually as an LAN. It allow a network manager to
logically segment a LAN into different broadcast domains.
Firewall
A firewall is simply a program or hardware device that filters the information coming
through the Internet connection into your private network or computer system. If an incoming
packet of information is flagged by the filters, it is not allowed through.
Encryption to scramble readable text into unreadable text
Encryption uses algorithms to scramble the information. It is then transmitted to the
receiving party, who is able to decode the message with a key. There are many types of algorithms,
which all involve different ways of scrambling and then decrypting information.
Restrictions on user accounts
Restricting a user’s access to only their profile folder means they would not be able to
see their desktop. Users require read (or read & execute) access at a minimum for most folders on
the system just to be able to do anything at all.
Assumptions and Green IT considerations
Assumption 1: It is assumed that all PC’s in the Mandurah Head
Office already have Windows 10
With this assumption in mind the designing of the network has been done. This helps in the
network design as it can be considered that all the systems in the network are configured with the
same operating systems and all the systems responds to the same protocols installed in the
networking system.
Assumption 2: It is assumed that all the nodes on the network
have an wireless connection enabled in them
It has been assumed that the network would be having an inbuilt wireless connections. This
would enable the wireless devices to get connected to the system. Hence, there would be no
additional requirements to add wireless routers to the system.

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Solar Panels
For the Green IT considerations it is been suggested that the solar panels are installed
throughout the city. This help the network in obtaining cheap and pollution free power for the
network. The solar panels would be connected to the top of the buildings and the energies would be
stored in the batteries and the energy would be made available to the network after the energies
have been stored. The main energy would be supplied to the repeaters and the connectors in the
networks.
Low Energy Compliant Devices
In addition to the solar energy the low energy complaint devices can be used in the network.
The low energy complaint monitors can be installed in the offices in the network and this, would
help in the reduction of the level of energy consumed by the system. The Bluetooth Low Energy
Beacon can also be suggested for implementation in the system. This would provide an efficient
option for the network in the aspect of wireless technologies. The device can advertise ID and sensor
data. This Bluetooth Low Energy beacon offers the best battery lifetime and range for any available
coin-cell operated beacon on the market today.
Policy: That all employees turn off their machine at night
In addition to the hardware adopted in the system, there are some policies that can be
adopted by the organization to reduce the level of power consumptions and affect the Green IT
considerations made by the city and apply it for the people of the city. Firstly it is suggested that the
employees turn off their machine at night. This would refrain the network from consuming extra
energy.
Policy: All Screens turn off after 5 minutes idle
Secondly, the organization can also policies such as all Screens turn off after 5
minutes idle. This is a setting that the employees can apply to their systems, this would
directly turn the system in sleep mode. As this would turn the system into sleep mode in
case an employee or the user forgets to turn off their computer anyhow. The system would
stop extracting the energy and a lot of energy would be saved in the system.

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