Troubleshooting Network Issues: Upgrading and Optimizing Company Network Infrastructure

In this report we will discuss about network not working and below are the summaries point:- Introduction to the company and its network infrastructure Overview of WAN, LAN, and PAN and their usage in the company Explanation of CSMA/CD protocol and recommendation for improving network speed with modern technology

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NETWORKING NOT WORKING
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Introduction
Nets for You is one of the big companies located in Tonbridge. Currently the
organization has over 200 employees with over 220 user computers. The company head offices
are located across four cities; Hong Kong, Cardiff, London, and New York. This monogram will
highlight how to go about upgrading the company network.
Task 1
Types of WAN, LAN, and PAN
Wide Area Network
To start with WAN is a computer network or telecommunication network which extends
over a very large geographical area like countries, cities, or states. WAN can be either private to
connects parts of an organization or they can be public to connect smaller networks. One smaller
scales such as this case, Net For You Company uses WAN which is comprised of its
headquarters and branch offices. WAN in this scenario is used to connect the various sections of
the company together. In addition, the various sections are ought to be connected using virtual
Private networks which provides communications between various workstations (Dodd, 2012, p.
47).
Local Area Network
LAN is a computer network which spans a very small area. Usually, LAN is confined in a
very small room. To build this LAN, Net For You Company will need to utilize the use of
Ethernet and WiFi to connect the various devices together. WiFi LAN operates under Access
Points where mobile devices connect to. On the other hand, Ethernet LAN consists of routers and
switches which is used to connect individual computers (LaQuey, 2001, p. 34).

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Personal Area Network
PAN is a computer network which is used to interconnect several devices on an
individual workplace. PAN, in this case, provides data transmission among smartphones and
computers. PAN technology can work in Net For You Company by enabling some of the
wearable computer's devices to communicate to the nearby computers.
How current system works using CSMA/CD protocol
CSMA/CD protocol works by backing off and detecting a collision in the medium. Figure
one explains how the current system works using CSMA/CD protocol. In here a when a host
wants to transmit frame it first listens on the medium to check if the channel or if the medium is
business.
Figure 1: How the current network works using the CSMA/Protocol (Dodd, 2012, p. 134)

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As shown by figure one above the process used to initiate transmission is completed
when the packet or the frame is transmitted successfully or when a collision is detected during
the transmission process.
Recommendation of modern technology to increase speed
Net For You Company can improve its network speed by migrating to fiber type cabling
system. This will help in reducing the decrease in signal strength when data is on transit.
Specifically the organization should go for GPON type of technology. This is a technology
which utilizes optical splitters so as to divide one optical connection so as to server endpoints.
Explain whether they have to change their network standards in order to adapt to the new
system
From scenario, it is evident that Net for you company need to change the current network
standards i.e. 802.3 standard to 802.7, if the organization is determined in sorting out the issue of
the network speed. A change to 802.7 will support up to 300 Mbps network speed. In addition,
this standard provides specifications which are needed for testing and designing of the
company’s LAN and broadband transmission. In addition 802.7 standard offers a very higher
frequency of even up to 5GHZ. This means employees are able to send and receive more streams
of data. In addition, these standards are prone to less interference and they incorporate the latest
security features.
Task 2
How packet-switch works with MPLS
Packet switching is a technique of communicating data. This method works by breaking
down data or information into small packets and then sending them into a decentralized network.

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Packet-switch work by breaking down information into a smaller parts which are then re-
packaged. The smaller packets are then channeled from the destination using routers and
switches and then resembled at the destination. As shown by figure two for packet switching to
work with MLPS, it requires a path which is referred to as LSP which is unidirectional tunnel for
MLPS information exchange
Figure 3: How packet-switch works with MPLS (orbitco, 2017)
Task 3
Standards and protocols which have to be followed for both Bluetooth and WiFi
There are various standards which Net for You Company need to follow for both
Bluetooth and WiFi network. First, the location in China needs to follow the 2017 802.11aj
standard. The aim of this standard is to maintain backward compatibility when the signal is
operating at the range of 59 to 64 GHz. Other standards which the organization has to maintain is
are the wireless encryptions standards which are WPA2, WPA, and WEP. Bluetooth operates at

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2.4 GHz where RF protocols are required. Some of the WiFi protocols required in this case are
LTE, 802.11b protocol and the 802.11g protocol (Jagoda & Villepin, 2012, p. 79)
Peer to Peer vs. Client-server technology
P2P network and client server topologies are very common when people talk of network
topologies but they is a huge difference. First, in P2P network, there is no central server. Each
and every computer operates at the same level hence are able to share files equally. Figure two
shows a P2P network
Figure 2: Peer to peer network (Matthews, 2007, p. 54)
For the client-server network, there is one central server which acts as the distributor of
resources. The server is used to relay output to all the client computers. Clients are used to
handling processing only.

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Figure 3: Client-server model (Kurose & Ross, 2017, p. 89)
Some of the advantages of a P2P network is that it is very easy to set-up and it is less
expensive as compared to client-server topology. In addition, with P2P one speeds less time to
configure. Some of the disadvantages with P2P is that one workstation can be accessed any time
and back-up can only be done via each computer. Some of the advantages with client/server
model are scalability and offers better security as compared to the P2P network. One of the
disadvantages with client/server topology is that it expensive to set-up (Blanc & Cotton, 2014, p.
113).

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References
Blanc, R. P. & Cotton, I. W., 2014. Computer networking by Robert P Blanc. 2nd ed.
Amsterdam: RTU Publishing House.
Dodd, A. Z., 2012. The essential guide to telecommunications by Annabel Z Dodd. 4th ed.
Chicago: Prentice Hall.
Jagoda & Villepin, M. d., 2012. Mobile Communications Networks. 1st ed. London: Wiesbaden
Vieweg & Teubner Press.
Kurose, J. F. & Ross, K. W., 2017. Computer networking : a top-down approach. Boston: s.n.
LaQuey, T., 2001. The internet companion : a beginner's guide to global networking. 1st ed.
New York : Addison-Wesley Press.
Matthews, J., 2007. Computer networking : Internet protocols in action. 1st edition ed. New
York: Springer.
Odom, W., 2009. Computer networking first-step by Wendell Odom. 3rd ed. New York: John &
Wiley Press.
orbitco, 2017. Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Explained with Examples. [Online]
Available at: https://www.orbit-computer-solutions.com/multi-protocol-label-switching-mpls-

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explained-examples/
[Accessed 27th January 2019].