Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities in Children with Tuberous Sclerosis
Added on 2023-06-15
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Data Science and Big DataDisease and DisordersHealthcare and Research
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NEUROPSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITIES IN CHILDREN WITH TUBEROUS
SCLEROSIS
SCLEROSIS
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the frequency of the neuropsychiatric
comorbidities such as ASD, ADHD and OCD in children with TS. Being that the data that was
used in the study was secondary, the data was collected from the clinic report through the review
of the report. A sample of 67 children’s records taken. Data was recorded in the SPSS version 20
where they were analyzed and represented in frequency tables. From the results, records showed
relatively equal chances of having mental retardation when diagnosed with TS in children as
represented by 49.3%. Furthermore, most of the children who were diagnosed with TS from the
clinic report records showed that they were not as likely to have ASD as represented by 80.6%
against 19.4% who had ASD from the results.
This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the frequency of the neuropsychiatric
comorbidities such as ASD, ADHD and OCD in children with TS. Being that the data that was
used in the study was secondary, the data was collected from the clinic report through the review
of the report. A sample of 67 children’s records taken. Data was recorded in the SPSS version 20
where they were analyzed and represented in frequency tables. From the results, records showed
relatively equal chances of having mental retardation when diagnosed with TS in children as
represented by 49.3%. Furthermore, most of the children who were diagnosed with TS from the
clinic report records showed that they were not as likely to have ASD as represented by 80.6%
against 19.4% who had ASD from the results.
Introduction
Neuropsychiatric comorbidities is the examination process of various coexisting illness in
patients with mental disorders including the behaviors they exude (Hirschtritt et al, 2015).
Various conditions such as tuberos sclerosis complex (TSC), autism spectrum disorders (ASD),
intellectual disability etc. are in most of the cases characterized in the patients in the process.
TSC formed the center of focus of study for the neuropsychiatric comorbidities in the children.
In connection to that, TSC is a dominant autosomal condition that result from the transmutation
of either TSC1 or TSC2 gene (De Vries et al, 2015). This study was conducted to determine the
prevalence of neurological illness in children who have already been examined with tuberous
sclerosis complex (TSC). The investigation focused on frequencies of some of the coexisting
disorders in children with TS; the disorders include ASD, ADHD and OCD. Most of the
previous researches show that in the higher percentage of patients with TS also display
characteristics of the presence of other neurological symptoms disorders.
Method of data collection
Data is important in making a proof of the claim valid through full leverage of the so collected
data (William et al, 2016). A sample is a proportion of a population of the subject of discussion
(Gelman et al, 2014). A sample is always used to give the representation of the characteristics of
the entire population (Davidson et al, 2013). In this study therefore, patients diagnosed with TS
was the target and from the clinic records, a sample of 67 children patients’ records were
examined making our sample size to be (67). Though the population of children in the clinic
who were examined with TS was not disclosed, the suitable sample size is supposed to cover at
least 30% of the entire population (Desu, 2012). In our case therefore, we were certain that
sample size of 67 children was good enough to estimate the population’s characteristics and to
Neuropsychiatric comorbidities is the examination process of various coexisting illness in
patients with mental disorders including the behaviors they exude (Hirschtritt et al, 2015).
Various conditions such as tuberos sclerosis complex (TSC), autism spectrum disorders (ASD),
intellectual disability etc. are in most of the cases characterized in the patients in the process.
TSC formed the center of focus of study for the neuropsychiatric comorbidities in the children.
In connection to that, TSC is a dominant autosomal condition that result from the transmutation
of either TSC1 or TSC2 gene (De Vries et al, 2015). This study was conducted to determine the
prevalence of neurological illness in children who have already been examined with tuberous
sclerosis complex (TSC). The investigation focused on frequencies of some of the coexisting
disorders in children with TS; the disorders include ASD, ADHD and OCD. Most of the
previous researches show that in the higher percentage of patients with TS also display
characteristics of the presence of other neurological symptoms disorders.
Method of data collection
Data is important in making a proof of the claim valid through full leverage of the so collected
data (William et al, 2016). A sample is a proportion of a population of the subject of discussion
(Gelman et al, 2014). A sample is always used to give the representation of the characteristics of
the entire population (Davidson et al, 2013). In this study therefore, patients diagnosed with TS
was the target and from the clinic records, a sample of 67 children patients’ records were
examined making our sample size to be (67). Though the population of children in the clinic
who were examined with TS was not disclosed, the suitable sample size is supposed to cover at
least 30% of the entire population (Desu, 2012). In our case therefore, we were certain that
sample size of 67 children was good enough to estimate the population’s characteristics and to
obtain the statistic that will suitably represent the population parameter of the neuropsychiatric
comorbidities in children with TS. There are various methods that can be employed in the
collection of data from the participants which can either be primary or secondary data collection
methods (Cleary et al, 2014). In this study, the type of data collected was secondary. As a result
therefore, the data was obtained through the review of the patients’ records in the clinic for
patients who were examined with TS. Frequency tables were used in representation of data using
statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).
Results of the study
Table 1: Demographic information of the children sampled in the clinic
Variable statement
s
Frequency Percentage
Gender boy 35 52.2
girl 32 47.8
Age (Months) 15 to 45 12 17.9
46 to 75 9 13.4
76 to 105 7 10.4
106 to 135 12 17.9
136 to 165 9 13.4
166 to 195 18 26.9
Out of the children’s records checked from the clinic report of children examined with TS,
52.2% of the sample were boys while the remaining 47.8% were girls. Age was also a factor of
concern that was considered and they were recorded as follows; 17.9% of those who were
diagnosed to have had TS were 15 to 45 months age, 13.4% of the sample were 46 to 75 months,
10.4% from the records showed that they were 76 to 105 months, 17.9% from the clinic report
records showed that the children were 106 to 135 months, as well, 13.4% of the children from
comorbidities in children with TS. There are various methods that can be employed in the
collection of data from the participants which can either be primary or secondary data collection
methods (Cleary et al, 2014). In this study, the type of data collected was secondary. As a result
therefore, the data was obtained through the review of the patients’ records in the clinic for
patients who were examined with TS. Frequency tables were used in representation of data using
statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).
Results of the study
Table 1: Demographic information of the children sampled in the clinic
Variable statement
s
Frequency Percentage
Gender boy 35 52.2
girl 32 47.8
Age (Months) 15 to 45 12 17.9
46 to 75 9 13.4
76 to 105 7 10.4
106 to 135 12 17.9
136 to 165 9 13.4
166 to 195 18 26.9
Out of the children’s records checked from the clinic report of children examined with TS,
52.2% of the sample were boys while the remaining 47.8% were girls. Age was also a factor of
concern that was considered and they were recorded as follows; 17.9% of those who were
diagnosed to have had TS were 15 to 45 months age, 13.4% of the sample were 46 to 75 months,
10.4% from the records showed that they were 76 to 105 months, 17.9% from the clinic report
records showed that the children were 106 to 135 months, as well, 13.4% of the children from
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