New adjuvant DNA therapy for management of Neisseria gonorrhea

New adjuvant DNA therapy for management of Neisseria gonorrhea
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New adjuvant DNA therapy for management of Neisseria gonorrhea
Introduction
Novel drug protocol is an essential process in the development of drugs. This report
offers a novel drug protocol for the management of Neisseria gonorrhea antimicrobial
resistance. The bacteria gonococcus causes urinary tract infections (Quillin & Seifert, 2018).
The development of resistance to many antibacterial drugs is key relevance in health care
practice, thus the need for developing this novel drug aims at improving its ability to reduce the
ability of antibacterial resistance.
Drug Indication
Infections associated with Neisseria gonorrhea present a broad range of symptoms and
disease which affect the urogenital, conjunctiva ears, anorectal and pharyngeal. Often severe
cases of the disease develop prognosis to initiate gonococcal infections, meningitis among
others. Currently, the two common methods of detection are nonculture and culture tests.
Culture methods are often the better choice of tests, but also nonculture tests offer an accurate
assessment of the bacteria (Cahoon & Seifert, 2011).
The mechanism of antibiotic resistant details the action of drugs being unable to handle
the bacteria. The Neisseria gonorrhea bacteria will keep multiplying thus creating potency to
the patients. This resistance has been through a wide variety of antibiotics. The mechanism of
action of the bacteria overpowers the action of antibiotics (Anderson, Dewenter, Maier &
Seifert, 2014). The common laboratory challenge facing management of Neisseria gonorrhea
is the drug testing procedures. Growing the nutrient culture and later testing for antibacterial
susceptibility tests is not done often hence making the bacteria to be resistance more often thus
developing reducing its effectiveness.
The occurrence of resistance to common drugs for management of Neisseria gonorrhea
is the greatest public health concern. The hesitance of the common drugs has regulated on the
absence of an effective treatment option for managing gonococcal infections. Emergence of
high reassurance to drugs has led to emergence of conventional drug management to be
introduced to manage gonococcal treatment (Caini et al., 2014).
The development of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings is impacting on the delivery
of effective treatment of the disease. Often resistance is achieved through genetic means and
manifested in the biochemical pathway through target modification processes such as the
acquisition of multidrug pumps or target expressions, (Giedraitienė et al., 2011). The rise of
resistant pathogens is a growing public health concern coupled with high mortality rates due to
the lack of effectiveness of drugs is of great concern.

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The current spread of antibiotic resistance is a critical evolutionary process which needs
urgent consideration, hence necessitating sustainable therapy for the management. Often
bacteria are treated using antibiotics. However, most of this has developed resistance leading to
lack of efficacy and hence no positive clinical outcome.
Despite the attributes of antimicrobial resistance, discovery and development of new
drugs have waned over the years. Currently, most of the products are produced from microbial
natural products through approaches on the semi-synthetic fermentation process of products.
Over recent years, the development of Neisseria gonorrhea drugs has focussed on the tailoring
of the core scaffolds with the aim of generating second and third generation drugs (Fischbach
& Walsh, 2009). Despite this, there is a renewed effort of using target-based strategies to
produce drugs that offer disruption on the specific cellular process of the pathogen.
Neisseria gonorrhea description
Neisseria gonorrhea is a gram-positive bacteria sexually transmitted as a form of
genitourinary infection and other gonoccocal diseases. It has a positive oxidizing action and
aerobic. It survives with neutrophils and exhibits antigenic variation from a process of
recombining its surface and pili proteins which offer interactions on the immune system.
The microbial assessment of Neisseria gonorrhea is described as fastidious gram-
negative bacteria which require supplementation of nutrient when grown in laboratory using
cultures. It is a fulculatitive intracellular nonspore forming with abilities to switch its motility
and obligate aerobically.
The associative antigenic variation of Neisseria gonorrhea is that it evades the immune
system through antigenic variation which allows it to recombine its individual genes and make
changes on the antigenic determinants and acquiring new DNA making it resistant to the
common drug management (Detels et al., 2011).
Being a gram-negative bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhea, it protecting itself using
nondefense mechanism offering a complementary system. Various system processes have been
shown to activate the system, this all result in activation of the complementary proteins. The
mechanism Neisseria gonorrhea has built allows it to offer resistance to its body (Anderson &
Seifert, 2011).
The new drug therapy mechanism of action
The mechanism of action of this novel drug is unique in that it offers inhibition on the
microbial synthesis is through the arrest of the cleaved covalent and complementary proteins
and leads to the formation of fused circular DNA acquiring biosynthesis process. The novel
mechanism entails inhibiting the bacterial type II linked to the topoisomerases. The inhibition