New Urbanism: A Development and Planning Tactic

This essay discusses new urbanism, a development and planning tactic based on human-scaled urban design. It explores the ideas behind new urbanism, the challenges it faces, and its implications for urban planning.

NEW URBANISM 0
Urban planning
Essay on new urbanism
System04116
4/10/2019

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New urbanism is a development and planning tactic based on the standards of in what
way municipalities and cities had constructed for the previous many centuries: housing and
shopping in near proximity, walkable blocks and streets, and available public spaces. In other
words it can be understand that new urbanism emphases on human-scaled urban design
(Trudeau, & Kaplan, 2016).
Urban planning is a political and technical process which concerned with the expansion
and plan of use of land and constructed environment comprising air water and the infrastructure
passing into and out of metropolitan areas such as distribution networks, communications and
transportation. Urban planning deals with physical design of human settlements. The main
concern is the public wellbeing which comprises considerations of efficiency, protection,
sanitation and use of the environment as well as impact on economic and social activities
(Couch, 2016).
This essay discusses about new urbanism that is related to the urban planning. The New
urbanism is the urban design and planning program that begins in United States and its goals are
to decrease dependence on the car and to make livable and walkable, neighborhoods with thickly
packed range of housing, jobs and commercial sites. In this essay, the numerous ideas behind the
new urbanism will be uttered and the major challenges of new urbanism faced by people are
pointed. The several people criticize new urbanism which has great impact in the cities or towns.
The following implications for urban contemporary planning will be suggested.
The ideas behind the new urbanism offer a panoramic vision that ranges to the horizon
and beyond. The ideas are such as; the missing middle, the neighborhood and the 5 minute walk,
rethinking parking, the katrina cottage, incremental urbanism, doing the math, tactical urbanism,

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suburban retrofit, mixed-use urban centers, traditional neighborhood development, form based
codes, architecture that puts the city first, lean urbanism, light imprint or green infrastructure, the
public realm, context based street design, street network, the rural to urban transect, the charter
of the new urbanism, transit oriented development, sustainable urbanism, the charrette, public
housing that engages the city, free way without futures, the polycentric area. All these great ideas
of new urbanism have effect on the countries and beyond. All These new ideas arise all of the
time, dealing with problems like climate change, finance reform, equity and suburban poverty
(King, 2015).
The neighborhood and the five minute walk are the basis of new urbanism and are
presently a basis of planning overall. The walkable neighborhood idea had to be systematically
untrained by the professions, the zoning, the single models they had for new change were cases
and everyone who constructed a human-scale neighborhood was extensive gone. The New
urbanists carted walkable neighborhood from wastebasket of past and display that it still
operated. The neighborhood and the 5 minute walk have become understood and recognized in
planning. The missing middle enunciates what is missing from modern construction housing
which deals single family big lot housing and large apartment facilities and very slight in
between. In Reconsidering parking, Now from coastline to coastline more serviceable parking
policies are taking hold and they may be the fastest path to urban regeneration. Increase
urbanism is craft beer useful to development. It is taking back quality, variety local flavor, and
small operators to the business of real estate development (Helbrecht, 2016). Doing the math for
cities and towns as it is establish that metrics are influential. Selling urbanism is quite stress-free
when people “do the math”. Strategic urbanism is the paramilitary fighting of the new urbanism.
There is no manner to beat the section of transportation with standard warfare. Life is more than

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shopping. Some might find that tough to trust but it is factual and business all over the country
are gathering to mixed use urban hubs because that is where workforces want to be. The massive
mainstream of metro areas are residential and much of it is initiate only suburban. Several
shopping malls and shopping hubs are disappearing and suburban retrofit is the solution. Retrofit
is the suburban origin of youth. It can protect the suburbs. Lean urbanism pursues to bring
common sense back to design and development because excessive neighborhoods are
constructed with several hands, often in small parts (Lydon, & Garcia, 2015). This program
drives the cover to make it stress-free to construct excessive places and for minor players to get
in the game. With infrastructure and tarmac, fewer is more. Light imprint is about constructing a
neighborhood lightly on the land, permitting as much rain to filter openly into the ground as
possible. This is like "prevention of pollution" for New Urbanism. Streets are the bones of a
societies, and bones are planned according to where they are in the body. Imagine if someone
had a femur on their finger. It will not work well. Likewise, the streets must be planned
according to what is nearby them, and the actions that are desirable and wanted. That's what
context-based street plan is all about (Snyder, 2016). If a street is mainly designed to travel cars,
it would not support social influences, small businesses, walking, or several of the other
important features of society life. In towns or cities, streets are community space. Sustainable
urbanism is interlaced into the fabric of New Urbanism. Some eras ago those two words would
have been reflected oxymoronic. No longer. The New Urbanism offers key tools for
conservationists and sustainability supporters (Foster, et al, 2016). The congress for new
urbanism autonomous vehicle positively and negatively presented their expectations and fears
about the coming technology-driven transportation upheaval. Autonomous vehicle increase
efficiency and speed and decrease transportation cost and generate more congestion and sprawl.

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The sustainable urbanism has been interlaced into the material of new urbanism. The charter of
new urbanism connects the environmental worsening and loss of agricultural lands and
wasteland with range of placeless sprawl and the destruction of society’s built heritage.
Sustainable urbanism was always kind of majestic unification know that their influence and
green building folk and others working towards their central work of new urbanism.
There are major challenges to new urbanism which fall in five categories such as scale,
transportation, regionalism and marketing, planning and codes. The old neighbourhoods that
New Urbanists expect to repeat are considered by small scale, density and variety of building
categories. However, gradually, the economic and standard of living requires of urban and even
life of suburban seem to need services on a huge scale such as big-box sellers and their built-up
counterparts. Several New Urbanists acknowledge that the large-scale procedures will
unavoidably being auto-oriented, but still they entitle their designs can work for small-scale
sellers. Perhaps transportation is a greatest argumentative only aspect of the New Urbanism that
is frequently “sold” to public bureaucrats based on its supposed benefits of transportations.
Declarations such as decreased dependency on an automobile, better transportation use, shorter
trips, and the additional flexible hierarchy of streets make common logic, but they are not so far
backed up by greatly experiential proof. Possibly the best that can be understood is that New
Urbanist designs may be a essential but not adequate pre-condition to vary the manner
individuals travel (Cruddas, 2019). New Urbanists often complain American development codes
as ongoing suburbia’s auto-oriented nature. Codes regarding separated land uses, street
measurements, hindrances and other necessities are often the area of local administrators, such as
fire heads and traffic engineers, who are abominate to change them (Heins, 2015). Few New
Urbanists have operated effectively with code enforcers to discover common ground in order to

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allow unusual projects to continue, however, several aspects of planning and codes remain
discordant and combative. New Urbanists have wriggled to move the community awareness of
its program further than the modest designing ideas the suburban neighbourhoods headed for
emphasising on urban zones. Advocates and opponents similar distress that extensive request of
the program’s designs codes separately from a local background may only cause suburban
extension to be substituted by “New Urban” sprawl. Several New Urbanists supporter suburban
and urban improvement and infill plans and few have stated provision for such controlling tools
as urban development limitations. Several earlier reform actions in urban planning have failed
because their designs did not enjoy extensive receipt in the open market, and New Urbanism is
facing a related challenge. Real estate selling experts say that several New Urbanist plans
continued with tiny market investigation because the designers who were New Urbanist
supporters themselves merely believed the idea will sell itself. Now they realize that selling New
Urbanism needs at least as much marketing work as selling a conservative sector (Talen, 2013).
New Urbanists have also erudite the hard approach that the capacity of a expanded communal,
with several categories and rates of house, retail stores within walking distance, and different
communal facilities, requires a greatly refined work to bring all apparatuses “on line” in the
correct order. Though it is often marketed as a solution, the New Urbanism is only one substitute
to suburban sprawl. It will possibly work most effectively in a wider planning background that
might comprise important investments in transfer, inducements to reinvestment in the inner city,
and discouragements to construct at the urban peripheral. At the same phase, it is significant to
escalate the power of the New Urbanism as the new ideas. Possibly the greatest stimulating
aspect of program is that it encourages an optimistic picture of “town life” which comprises the

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public and the private kingdom. In the world where a “lack of public” is frequently responsible
for several social harms, this is no insignificant success (Calthorpe, 2015).
There are some criticism for new urbanism such as Social values originally prescribed
have never been realized, Primarily greenfield development not urban infill, Results in the same
boring suburban form as it was reacting against, Typically residence still need an automobile to
access jobs and other parts of the city, many don’t walk even within their community.
Developments are not frequently conceived with a wide-ranging population in mind and with a
focus on equal access. Thus, although expansions are apparently public the fundamental intent
may be to make a private enclave. Other evaluations involved the limited use of 'traditional'
design. However this may be nothing more than a visual preference, it does cut down on
diversity, categories and forms of habitation i.e., single size does not fit all (Haas, 2018). In few
cases, there is strict control over their look through your home permissible paint colours, etc. and
while it is well for some to receive this as a situation for living in such residences it is not really
metropolitan in the widest sense of the word. Lastly, the logic of walkable, small and human
scale growths is fine in itself but limiting its form and expression to strict imitations of traditional
models of urbanism may reject new solutions to modern problems. For other ideas of walkable,
sustainable, small and human scale growths which take full benefit of all likely sources of
stimulus have a look at Dutch new cities and urban extensions. All these come in forms and
sizes, and even comprise permissions to old forms of urban/suburban expansion (Ellis, 2015).
The certain implications of urban planning are exists during new urbanism. Urban
Systems research provides ample information about the connection between urban areas and
urban climate. These results need to be made available to urban planners, local decision makers
and architects in order to put possible mitigation measures such as widespread use of (intensive)

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green roofs into practice. The existing collaboration with local decision makers and city planners
is the basis for the successful application of research performed in Urban Systems (Fulton,
2019).
From the above study it is concluded that new urbanism is necessary at certain time as it
encourages environmentally responsive habits by making walkable neighbourhoods which
contain an extensive range of housing and types of job. The various ideas for new urbanism is
profounded above. These ideas have a great effect on the country and beyond and fresh ideas
emerges each of the stage, dealing with issues like climatic change, equity, finance reform and
suburban poverty. The various criticism and challenges are faced to new urbanism but is
necessary to some extent for creating better future for all. It also helped in raising standard of
living or quality of life and creating better places to live.

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References
Calthorpe, P. (2015). Urbanism in the age of climate change. In The City Reader. UK:
Routledge.
Couch, C. (2016). Urban planning: An introduction. New York: Palgrave.
Cruddas, J. (2019). The Left's New Urbanism. The Political Quarterly, 90(1), 15-22.
Ellis, C. (2015). Landscape urbanism and new urbanism: a view of the debate. Journal of Urban
Design, 20(3), 303-307.
Foster, S., Hooper, P., Knuiman, M., Bull, F., & Giles-Corti, B. (2016). Are liveable
neighbourhoods safer neighbourhoods? Testing the rhetoric on new urbanism and safety
from crime in Perth, Western Australia. Social science & medicine, 164(1), 150-157.
Fulton, W. (2019). The new urbanism challenges conventional planning. Retrieved from:
https://www.lincolninst.edu/es/publications/articles/new-urbanism-challenges-
conventional-planning
Haas, T. (2018). New Urbanism. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology, UK: Routledge.
Heins, M. (2015). Finding common ground between new urbanism and landscape
urbanism. Journal of urban design, 20(3), 293-302.
Helbrecht, I. (2016). New urbanism: Life, work, and space in the new downtown. UK: Routledge.
King, A. (2015). Urbanism, colonialism, and the world-economy. UK: Routledge.
Lydon, M., & Garcia, A. (2015). A tactical urbanism how-to. In Tactical urbanism. Washington:
Island Press,
Snyder, M. (2016). Walkable urbanism doesn’t seem to be available to all who want it. Retrieved
from: https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/columnists/greater-houston/article/
Walkable-urbanism-doesn-t-seem-to-be-available-7465361.php

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Talen, E. (2013). Charter of the new urbanism. 2nd ed. USA: McGraw hill.
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