NHPA and Social Determinant of Health of Australia
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This article examines the Australian's national health priority areas and social determinants of health, with a focus on cardiovascular disease. It discusses the impact of social determinants on health and highlights the initiatives taken by NHPA to manage heart disease.
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Running head: NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA NATIONAL HEALTH PRIORITY AREAS AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Name of Student: Name of University: Author’s Note:
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1NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Introduction The aim of the paper is to examine the Australian’s national health priority with focusing on the heart disease. Which says that people of Australia are facing 9 different health disease that has overburden the whole community. Further the paper has highlighted the social determinant of health of Australian people and reflect that people from remote areas are more likely to get severe health issues. Australia’s National health priorities There are many illnesses in the society and community that lead to overburdening them. National Health Priority Areas are the responsible body to take initiative to focus on public issue and health policy. It the collaborative association that tends to include commonwealth and state and territory government. There are total 9 National Health Priority Areas in Australia, each of them are the reason for the high death rate in Australian (Tolhurst 2015). Those areas are injury prevention,asthma,heartdisease,arthritisandmusculoskeletalcondition,mentalhealth, dementia,diabetesmellitus,obesityandcancer.Themajorfocusofthispaperison cardiovascular diseases. National Health Priority Areas- Cardiovascular disease. Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the issue that effect the heart and circulation system. It leads to other health issue like high blood pressure, heart attack, heart failure, coronary arrest and peripheral vascular disease. It has been reported in year 2006-2007 that out of six persons one person is facing problem of heart disease in Australia (Harrison et al 2013). In the year 2017, the mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease is 33.3% (Lam et al 2015). In looking into the recent
2NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA statistic of death rate due to heart disease it is attributed that, total of 18590 Australian have died in 2017. 15% of Australian people died every next day from heart problem in 2017, which can be related as every 28 minute, people dies due to heart illness (Bener et al 2013). Major problem of CVD occurs in aboriginal peoples and Torres strait islander who live in remote areas. This is the major reason to include this disease in National Health Priority Areas. Major cause of the disease Australian people take high fat and high sodium diet that has increased the risk for CVD in them. It has estimated that over 400,000 people are affected with heart issue and encounter heart attack (Dumbrell and Steele 2013). Other reason for the concern are low exercise, different lifestyle and work environment majorly they have sedentary job, stress and genetic cause. Health management byNHPA NHPA implemented various program that focus on reducing the rate of heart disease in Australia. Such programs and scheme are as follows MedicareBenefitSchedule,givessupportstopatientsbyprovidingsubsidieson treatment of chronic disease. Pharmaceuticals Benefit Scheme- They provide subsidies on medicine for CVD. National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) is the funding body that invest on diagnosis and treatment of CVD, through investigation of their cause and effect, in addition to give care to person undergoing CVD (Woodruffe et al 2015).
3NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Social determinant influences within Australia’s healthcare Crucial determinant of health is the key factor that influence the ability to stay healthy. There are three major determinant of health which include social, biomedical and behavioral factor (Baum et al 2013). The focus of this article is social determinants. Social determinants are the factor that strengthen the health of person and their society. Like people from the remote areas of Australia have low social and economic standard of living due to which they face many health issues and are greater risk of CVD. Major social health determinants are income of people, education, working condition of environment and social support by the community. These factors have potent effect on the health. The National Health Performance Framework of Australia has identified the essentiality of social determinant to get good health. Difference in the living condition of the people depict that higher the social environment of the person, healthier they are, however, people who have low standard of living are more prone to the diseases and illness. 20 % of people of Australia who stay in low social area had 1.6 time more chronic disease than people living in healthier condition (Mitrou et al 2014). It is also estimated from the study of 2009-2010, that Australian living in low areas live 3 years less than other people. People with no job were 1.6 times more likely to employ cannabis (Baker et al 2018). From the evidence gathered, it is said that people living in remote areas are more prone to get CVD and other issue. Conclusion Lastly, from the above discussion it can be said that, National Health Priority Areas of Australia is working to improve the health condition of the people by identifying major 9 diseases that has increased the death rate in Australia. Social health of people of low living
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4NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA condition can be improved by implementing education, giving jobs to people and focusing to improve their living condition.
5NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Reference Baker, P., Friel, S., Kay, A., Baum, F., Strazdins, L. and Mackean, T., 2018. What enables and constrains the inclusion of the social determinants of health inequities in government policy agendas? A narrative review.International journal of health policy and management,7(2), p.101. Baum, F.E., Laris, P., Fisher, M., Newman, L. and MacDougall, C., 2013. “Never mind the logic, give me the numbers”: Former Australian health ministers' perspectives on the social determinants of health.Social Science & Medicine,87, pp.138-146. Bener, A., Zirie, M.A., Kim, E.J., Al Buz, R., Zaza, M., Al-Nufal, M., Basha, B., Hillhouse, E.W. and Riboli, E., 2013. Measuring Burden of Diseases in a Rapidly Developing Economy: State of Qatar: National Burden of Diseases in Qatar.Global journal of health science,5(2), p.134. Dumbrell, D. and Steele, R., 2013, January. Twitter and health in the Australian context: What typesofinformationarehealth-relatedorganizationstweeting?In201346thHawaii International Conference on System Sciences(pp. 2666-2675). IEEE. Harrison, C., Britt, H., Miller, G. and Henderson, J., 2013. Prevalence of chronic conditions in Australia.PloS one,8(7), p. e67494. Lam, J., Lord, S.J., Hunter, K.E., Simes, R.J., Vu, T. and Askie, L.M., 2015. Australian clinical trial activity and burden of disease: an analysis of registered trials in National Health Priority Areas.Medical Journal of Australia,203(2), pp.97-101.
6NHPA AND SOCIAL DETERMINANT OF HEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Mitrou, F., Cooke, M., Lawrence, D., Povah, D., Mobilia, E., Guimond, E. and Zubrick, S.R., 2014. Gaps in Indigenous disadvantage not closing: a census cohort study of social determinants of health in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand from 1981–2006.BMC Public Health,14(1), p.201. Tolhurst, P., 2015. Development of Australian chronic disease targets and indicators.Australian Health Policy Collaboration Papers, p.ii. Woodruffe, S., Neubeck, L., Clark, R.A., Gray, K., Ferry, C., Finan, J., Sanderson, S. and Briffa, T.G., 2015. Australian Cardiovascular Health and Rehabilitation Association (ACRA) core componentsofcardiovasculardiseasesecondarypreventionandcardiacrehabilitation 2014.Heart, Lung and Circulation,24(5), pp.430-441.