NSG2FNH Student Assessment Handbook - Understanding Systemic Racism, Magistrate Grahame's Recommendations, and Cultural Safety Principles

This handbook covers three parts: understanding systemic racism and its impact on Naomi's case, Magistrate Grahame's recommendations for involving First Nation people in healthcare services, and cultural safety principles for nursing practices. It includes references and is relevant for NSG2FNH course.

NSG2FNH STUDENT
ASSESSMENT
HANDBOOK

Table of Contents
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
Understanding about systemic racism along with potential impacts over Naomi's case ...........1
PART 2............................................................................................................................................2
Magistrate Grahame's recommendations over the ways in which hospitals involve in First
nation people and local community in design, delivery and governance of healthcare services
to ensure culture safety................................................................................................................2
PART 3............................................................................................................................................3
Understanding about best five principles of cultural safety by discussing over culturally safe
nursing practices that prevent the outcome and utilized to improve patient experiences for all
First Nation people......................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

PART 1
Understanding about systemic racism along with potential impacts over Naomi's case
Systemic racism also known as institutional racism is a form which has been embedded
within the laws, rules and regulations of the society or an establishment. It manifests as
discrimination under areas which involves employment, criminal justice, health care, education
sector, etc. This concept provides looking for the larger picture about the functions of the
society. This specific system includes the rules and regulations along with unquestioned social
systems that can stem with the help of education, hiring practices along with appropriate
accessibility. Most of the people are looking themselves as racist but the fact is that the white
people within the Australia still getting benefits from system that have been originated by other
white people (Legg and Karner, 2021). According to the case study, it has been identified that
Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander people have fewer treatment procedures as comparison to
the white people along with processes of health promotion facilities. Every person has the right
to live free from any kind of fear and abuse irrespective of their religion as well as cultural
minorities. Instead of this, the discrimination commissioner within the Australia has recently
documented an enhancement in the abusive as well as discriminatory behaviour which includes
even the physical violence. Moreover, the outrage of the racism also increases over the
Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders as well.
As per various researches it has been identified that the health position of Australian
Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander people are poor in assessment to the rest of the Australian
population. According to the Naomi's case it has been proved that the conditions of the
Aboriginals are highly because of the less treatment facilities provided to them as they have
received fewer treatment procedures which shows a great number of 30%. The dissimilarity in
wellbeing position experienced is directly linked to complete judgment as the Aboriginals and
Torres Strait Islander people have not had the same opportunities to be as healthy as non-
indigenous people. This occurs all because of the unreachability of the majority, amenities along
with lower access towards health services. This even involves the primary health care services
along with insufficient delivery of health substructure in Aboriginals communities. Moreover,
they are also facing relative socio-economic disadvantages as compared to non-indigenous
people place the Aboriginals and Torres strait. This places them at higher risk of exposure of
behavioural as well as environmental health risk factors. All such activities also greatly impacts
1

the Naomi's case as her death followed multiple failed attempts to seek treatments at her local
hospitals. The candidate itself illustrate that they are not treated appropriately within the
hospital. Thus, a racial bias has been identified from the side of hospital staff which lead to
misdiagnosis and the ultimate death of the Naomi. Furthermore, from the study it has also been
evaluated that the scope of the matters presently being faced is expected to become enhanced in
the upcoming years. From the statistics that has been collected from 2021, 52% aboriginal
people experienced depression and anxiety at much higher levels. The death rate of indigenous
people are 5.70 per 100000 of the all-purpose aboriginal population while the rate of non-
aboriginal people are just 0.4 (Salazar, 2021).
From various studies it has been identified that the indigenous people are often
mistreated in Australia. The organizations of health and social care services for indigenous
people that are rooted among the country. Moreover, the services are premised on the basis of
the idea that indigenous people deserved less care than other people and hence the cost of
services provided to them should also be lower. Thus, the social, organizational as well as health
care services are mostly organized in a manner to spend the least amount of money while
serving services to aboriginals in Australia.
PART 2
Magistrate Grahame's recommendations over the ways in which hospitals involve in First nation
people and local community in design, delivery and governance of healthcare services to
ensure culture safety
First nation voice is an online space which has been prepared for indigenous people or
communities in order to share as well as promote language, oral culture and communication
history. It is basically a team or community which promotes indigenous voice to government
entity which has been initially proposed by Australian government with an intention to create a
channel for the voices as well as ideas of Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander people to be
heard in Australia. Their role in designing, delivering and governing the healthcare services for
the Aboriginals is highly considerable as they have been prepared over the basis of protecting
the values and way of life of Australia's centralized constitution as well as the long history of
indigenous advocacy for great amount of authorisation and self-determination in their
businesses. It has been constitutionalized because it gets support from varied and broad
2

stakeholders for the enshrinement of a First Nation Voice to parliament in the Australian
constitution (Buckridge, 2021).
As per the Magistrate Grahame's it has been suggested that the adjudicators, benches,
and other suitable persons should obtain cross cultural trainings in order to resolve Aboriginal
affairs. Further more another recommendation is related to the video conferencing according to
which avoid the requirement of community elders and witnesses travelling often during court
hearings. The third and the last recommendation belongs to taking government approach into
account which is related to Aboriginal customary law into the distribution of facilities to such
societies and provide strategy to recognize traditional law that it should never be cut across other
government services or programs over Aboriginal community. All such recommendations have
been prepared in favour of Aboriginals in order to improve their status within the community of
Australia and also assist them in order to receive all the benefits that has been adopted by non-
aboriginal people in Australian community. According to The National Safety and Quality
Health Service Standards (NSQHS) and the NSQHS User Guide for Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander health, it has been evaluated that there are six major actions which have been defined in
order to specially meet the requirement of Aboriginals people in the National safety and Quality
Health Service standards (Adrian, 2020). This specific guide highly able to provide practically
applicable strategies about the things that needs to be considered and the ways to bring those six
actions into life with the help of any health service company. The examples of Australia also
have been involved within the guide that demonstrate the actions into detailed manner and are
being implemented into health service sector.
In order to illustrate healthcare services which make sure about the delivery of culturally
safe care which is responsive towards the requirements of the local First Nations community
belongs to reflecting over the personal culture, attitude and beliefs about others, adopt clear and
respectful communication which highly able to develop trust factor among others. It further
should consist of actions which recognize and avoid stereotype barriers along with being
prepared to engage with others into a two-way path in which the knowledge about any particular
has been shared.
The user guide for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health has been generated for
them in which they have implement the six actions into consideration. The aboriginals have the
appropriate right to feel confident and safe while accessing the Australian health care services.
3

Another action is related to the fact that health service organization monitor strategies to meet
company safety and quality priorities for aboriginal people. The third action is related to having
strategies which improves the cultural awareness and competency to meet people requirements.
Fourth is related to provide aboriginal a welcoming environment that recognizes the significance
of cultural beliefs and practices. Fifth is processes through which they routinely ask the
aboriginals patients as well as record their information. And the last is works in partnership with
aboriginal and Torres strait islander communities to meet their health care needs.
PART 3
Understanding about best five principles of cultural safety by discussing over culturally safe
nursing practices that prevent the outcome and utilized to improve patient experiences for
all First Nation people
Cultural safety is all about generating an environment which is safe for Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander people. In general cultural safety is all about sharing respect and meaning
and knowledge among others, providing appropriate experiences of learning together with high
level of dignity as well as true listening ability, adopts premeditated and established reform to
remove blockades for optimal level of health, wellness and safety of Aboriginal people. This
involves speaking of intolerance, predispositions and discernment along with auxiliary
aboriginal self-determination. In context of individuals, companies and systems ensure self-
determination which involves sharing power and resources with Aboriginal communities. It is
highly successful in order to elaborate the enterprise, distribution and assessment of services for
aboriginal people. Cultural safety is the basic and fundamental human right also involves
legislative requirements of public agencies in order to provide safety at workplace. In context of
nurses and mid wives, they are anticipated to absorb with other people as an individual in a
culturally safe and respectful manner, foster open communication, honest and always
compassionate for professional relationships which also adhere to the obligations about privacy
as well as confidentiality (Hickey and et.al., 2019). For aboriginals there is a structure has been
prepared to help mainstream Victorian health, human as well as community services along with
the department to create culturally safe atmosphere.
With the help of framework, all the five principles have been evolved and provide
incessant excellence development model to support the ethnic security of organizations as well
4

as individuals. Nurses and the mid wives are the major specialised collection employed within
the health care system. The capacity of nurses in order to improve the health of Australian
Indigenous people are substantial. Cultural safety in recent terms been combined into the nation-
wide code of behaviour for nurtures (Shepherd and et.al., 2019). It is the foremost and key role
of nurse academics to ensure that they are highly culturally safe practitioners. And in context of
Aboriginals specifically, they have to incorporate such feelings as they are the ones who face
health disparities as compared to non-indeginous people living in Australia facing racial
discrimination as well as carefulness that is socially dangerous recognize as a causative
influence.
The nurses and midwives always had their responsibility to provide appropriate care to
the aboriginals in order to get the best possible outcome for the person they are caring for. For
this, they required to work into partnership format and follows the cultural safety measures into
the new code of conduct which helps them to provide simple and common sense guidance. The
guidance related to the cultural safety are the ones which promotes and improves health
outcomes as well as people experience.
5

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adrian, A., 2020. AN INTRODUCTION TO LEGAL ASPECTS OF NURSING AND
MIDWIFERY PRACTICE. Contexts of Nursing: An Introduction, p.129.
Buckridge, P., 2021. The Ethics of Annotation: Reading, Studying, and Defacing Books in
Australia. In Marginal Notes (pp. 241-260). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Hickey, S. and et.al., 2019. Establishing teams aiming to provide culturally safe maternity care
for Indigenous families. Women and Birth, 32(5), pp.449-459.
Legg, E. and Karner, E., 2021. Development of a model of diversity, equity and inclusion for
sport volunteers: an examination of the experiences of diverse volunteers for a national
sport governing body. Sport, Education and Society, 26(9), pp.966-981.
Salazar, C., 2021. A Mechanism of Systemic Racism. Engage and Empower: Expanding the
Curriculum for Justice and Activism, p.103.
Shepherd, S.M. and et.al., 2019. The challenge of cultural competence in the workplace:
perspectives of healthcare providers. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), pp.1-11.
6