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Nudges and Behavior Change: Theories, Techniques, and Role of Technology
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Added on 2019-09-20
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This paper presents different theories, techniques, and models of behavior change which provide significant information and summarize some of the cross-cutting themes and central elements of the behavior change. Role of technology also studied to support the behavior change.
Nudges and Behavior Change: Theories, Techniques, and Role of Technology
Added on 2019-09-20
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Running Head: Nudges and Behavior ChangePSYCHOLOGYNUDGES AND BEHAVIOR CHANGE
Nudges and Behavior Change 1Table of ContentsExecutive Summary.........................................................................................................................1Introduction......................................................................................................................................1Theories, Techniques and Models of Behavior Change..................................................................21.The theory of reasoned action and the planned behavior.....................................................22.The health belief model........................................................................................................33.Trans-theoretical model........................................................................................................44.The social psychological theory...........................................................................................55.The learning and the behavior theory...................................................................................6Role of Technology in Supporting Behavior Change......................................................................7Systematic Design Processes to Create Effective Change Interventions........................................8Ability to Design, Develop and Application of Behavior Change Interventions to Real-World Scenarios and the Challenges........................................................................................................10Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12Recommendations..........................................................................................................................13REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14APPENDICES...............................................................................................................................16
Nudges and Behavior Change 2Executive Summary This paper presents different theories, techniques, and models of behavior change which provide significant information and summarize some of the cross-cutting themes and central elements of the behavior change. Different theories and models of the behavior change reviewed under the human behavior and social science discipline. On the other hand role of technology also studied to support the behavior change. This will help human beings in understanding the systematic approaches of behavior change interventions which further helps them in applying their behaviorto their real world challenges.Introduction It has been observed that the behavior contributes to the present morbidity and the mortality. Thechanges interventions of the behavior are significant in the prevention. The change interventions of the behavior are mainly complicated, and it comprises the various components. Further, according to the reports, it has been observed that the change interventions of the behavior are effective, but people do not understand appropriately that the effectiveness is being defined as the variable. The theories and the techniques which are ineffective are being used more by the individuals as compared to the effective theories, and the techniques are not used adequately. Moreover, the effective techniques, theories and the models of behavior change are being discussed along with the role of technology in order to support the change of behavior. Furthermore, systematic design processes will be discussed in order to create the effective interventions of change. Also, the ability to design, develop and further the application of the change interventions of the behavior to the scenarios of real-world will be discussed along with the various challenges.
Nudges and Behavior Change 3Theories, Techniques, and Models of Behavior Change 1.The theory of reasoned action and the planned behaviorThis theory is one of the most broadly applied theories of behavior. The theory acts as the behavior’s predictor. Further, the theory is used in order to predict the behavior and analyze the behavior. It has been observed that the theory can augur around 30 percent of the behavior's variance that is being brought through interventions (Montano, D. E., & Kasprzyk, D. 2015). Moreover, as the theory helps in predicting the behavior, it is a great technique in order to unfoldthe specific influences which are required to be changed. Further, the theory can be used in orderto understand the behavior of an individual like what is their intention behind the particular act towhich they react. The figure given below will help in understanding that how the theory can be applied in orders to understand the factors of the behavior which are required to be changed.
Nudges and Behavior Change 4Figure 1 Application of reasoned action and planned behavior theory2.The health belief modelThis is the model of cognition which demonstrates that the behavior is being arbitrated by the numerous beliefs in relation to the threat to the well-being of an individual along with the outcomes and the effectiveness of specific behavior and the actions. The theory also follows the self-efficacy concept along with the action's beliefs. Further, the beliefs are incremented by the stimuli which are considered as action cues that trigger the adaptation of the behavior. The theory helps in identifying the perceived vulnerability and the susceptibility of the individual andthe seriousness of the consequences which might result in the outcome. The theory is being used in order to identify the intention of behavior which is being perceived from the threat and the behavior’s effectiveness (Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. 2014).
Nudges and Behavior Change 5Figure 2 Application of health belief model3.Trans-theoretical modelThis theory is also known as the stages of change, and it is based on the levels of readiness of motivation along with the continuum of the change of behavior. Further, the rationale of this model is that the persons at the same level of the stage might face similar barriers and the problems and this theory helps them by the similar type of intervention. Moreover, the transition among the stages of change can be driven by a balance of the decision and the self-efficacy. Therefore, the theory can be applied adequately when an individual will face the various challenges at various levels.
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