Data Analysis Report: Numeracy and Wind Speed Analysis in Nottingham

This report presents a comprehensive data analysis of wind speed in Nottingham over a ten-day period. The analysis begins with the presentation of data in tabular and chart formats, including column and line charts, to visualize the wind speed variations. The report then delves into the calculation of key statistical measures such as mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation to understand the central tendencies and data dispersion. Furthermore, a linear forecasting model is employed to calculate the values of 'M' and 'C,' enabling the prediction of wind speed for days 14 and 21. The report concludes by summarizing the findings and emphasizing the importance of data analysis in informed decision-making. The report uses data from April 2019 to provide a detailed understanding of wind speed patterns and forecasting techniques.

Numeracy and Data
Analysis

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1. Presentation of data in tabular form...................................................................................1
2. Data in different charts.......................................................................................................1
3. Calculations of mean, median, mode, standard deviation and range.................................3
4. Calculating values of M, C and forecast wind value of day 14 and 21..............................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Data analysis is defined as the process or techniques used to analyse data in order to
increase business gain and profitability (Chen and Yang, 2015). The process is related with
determining, gathering, analysing and evaluating meaningful information that help to bring
faithful results for various queries. To better understand the importance of data analysis wind
speed for ten consecutive days of Nottingham have been selected.
In this report data is tabular and chart form is presented, mean, median, mode, range and
standard deviation have been calculated. In addition report also cover liner forecasting model is
used to calculated value of M, C and forecast value of day 14 and 21 is determined.
TASK 1
1. Presentation of data in tabular form
In the table below the data for wind speed for 10 consecutive days of Nottingham have
been represented. For specific results data of wind speed is taken of 12:00 PM (Wind speed of
Nottingham, 2019).
Date Wind (km/h) (12:00 PM)
01/04/2019 14
02/04/2019 22
03/04/2019 11
04/04/2019 30
05/04/2019 24
06/04/2019 17
07/04/2019 14
08/04/2019 22
09/04/2019 26
10/04/2019 23
2. Data in different charts.
Column chart: It is a data visualization chart in which every category is presented with
the help of rectangle that are proportional to the value of being plotted.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
14
22
11
30
24
17
14
22
26
23
Column B
From the above Column chart it has been observed that there is continuous changes in the
wind speed for each day at 12:00 PM. The highest flow of wind was on 04/04/2019 that is 30
km/h and the lowest was on 03/04/2019.
Line chart: It is a graphical presentation of data that mainly connects a set of collected
data point through a continuous line. It is simple and easy to understand that help to determine
the pattern and trends (Figueres-Esteban, Hughes and Van Gulijk, 2015).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
14
22
11
30
24
17
14
22
26
23
Column B
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From the above lien chart, it has been identified that the wind speed for all 10 days was
different due to overall weather of Nottingham. On 4 April 2019 the flow of wind was more as
compared to any other day.
3. Calculations of mean, median, mode, standard deviation and range.
Date Wind (km/h)
01/04/2019 14
02/04/2019 22
03/04/2019 11
04/04/2019 30
05/04/2019 24
06/04/2019 17
07/04/2019 14
08/04/2019 22
09/04/2019 26
10/04/2019 23
Mean 20.3
Median 24
Mode 14
Range 19
Maximum range 30
Minimum 11
Mean: This is the estimate of all the range number. Firstly, values are added to measure
mean for distinct numbers and then the outcome is separated by the complete amount of
standards (Gatobu, Arocha and Hoffman-Goetz, 2016). This is also consider as central value of
the total number of observation. The specific formula is as follows:
Formula of mean: ∑ X / N
= 203 / 10
= 20.3
Median: This is consider as the median value of the collected set of observation. The
range is separated within two part upper and lower class interval. In case if observation is within
even number than two middle values are referred as median and in case when the list is in odd
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number than middle value is treated as median for given series. The specific formula to calculate
median in both cases are as follows:
Formula of median: ( N +1 ) / 2 when data series is odd.
N / 2 when series is even.
= 10/ 2
= 5th observation will be consider as median value that is 24.
Mode: It is the value that is repeated most of the time within a specific set of data. In
case if all number are different than the model value will remain 0. The mode value of the
collected data is 14 because it is repeated for most of the time.
Range: It is the difference among the highest and lowest value of specific data. For the
collected data range is calculated below:
Formula of range: Max – Min
30-11
19
Standard deviation: This is a statistic term that focus to ascertain the value of
dispersion for the given set of data, which is relevant to mean and square root of actual
variance collected. Important steps to follow Standard deviation is discussed below:
Dates Wind (km/h) x- mean (x-m)2
01/04/2019 14 -6.3 39.69
02/04/2019 22 1.7 2.89
03/04/2019 11 -9.3 86.49
04/04/2019 30 9.7 94.09
05/04/2019 24 3.7 13.69
06/04/2019 17 -3.3 10.89
07/04/2019 14 -6.3 39.69
08/04/2019 22 1.7 2.89
09/04/2019 26 5.7 32.49
10/04/2019 23 2.7 7.29
Mean 20.3 330.1
Variance 33.01
STDEV 5.7454329689
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Formula of standard deviation: √ (variance)
Variance = {∑(x – mean) 2 / N}
= 330.1/10
Variance = 33.01
STD deviation = √ 33.01
= 5.7454329689
4. Calculating values of M, C and forecast wind value of day 14 and 21
Days Wind (km/h) X2 ∑xy
1 14 1 14
2 22 4 88
3 11 9 99
4 30 16 480
5 24 25 600
6 17 36 612
7 14 49 686
8 22 64 1408
9 26 81 2106
10 23 100 2300
∑x= 55 ∑y= 203 ∑X2=385
∑xy=8393
This model assist in ascertaining the value of m and c in y = mx + c by taking the
following steps:-
i) Value of M: M= N∑xy- ∑x∑y / N∑ X2 - (∑x)2
10*8393 – 55*203 / 10*385 – (55)2
83930-11165/3850- (3025)
72765/ 825
=88.2 or 88
ii) Value of c: ∑y- m ∑x/ N
= 203-88*55/10
= 114.8/ 5.5
5

= (281)
iii) Wind for day 14: Y= mx+c
= 88* 14+ (281)
= 12.32 -281
= So the forecasted value of day 14 is 40 km/h.
Forecast wind for 21: Y= mx+c
Y= 88*21+ (281)
= 65.291 , thus the wind speed for day 21 is around 65 km/h
CONCLUSION
In the end of this report, it has been concluded that the main objective of data analysis is
to detect meaningful information that ease in decision making considering with suitable
arguments. Different values have been determined with the support of different statistical
formula such as mean, mode, median, range and standard deviation.
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