Nurses Care Practice Case Study 2022

Nurses Care Practice
Case Study Assessment
University
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Acute asthma pathophysiology
Asthma is a prevent pulmonary disease often characterized by chronic
inflammation and tightening of the smooth muscles leading to occurrences of
bronchoconstriction as observed in the patient. for the majority of the patients as the
patient onset being since childhood with inflammation and asthma deterioration.
Acute exacerbation state depicts wheezing, coughing, tightness of the chest and
shortness of breath.The pathophysiology entails adaptive and maladaptive
mechanism which results in inflammation of the airway, intermittent flow and
hyperresponsiveness of the bronchial. (Pavord et al.,2018).
The patient in the case study presents an avenue of airway inflammation which
is leading to an experience of acute asthma exacerbation. The airway Inflammation
is characterization by the varying breadth of hypersecretion, desquamation of the
epithelium, smooth muscle hyperplasia and remodelling of the airway (Castro et al.,
2018). The extent of the airway hyperresponsiveness is linked to asthma clinical
severity state. The airway inflammation is linked to the elevated levels of the
hyperresponsiveness of the bronchial leading to the occurrence of bronchospasms
and symptoms of wheezing and shortness of breath as observed from the patient's
symptoms. Further, there is an occurrence of limitation of the airflow which is often
partially reversed by airway remodelling characterized by the hypertrophy and
hyperplasia of the muscles and injury to the epithelial cells which are indicated by the
lungs hyper inflammation observed in the patient. Further, in the inflammatory
process, various cells such as eosinophils, epithelial cells, endothelial cells and
activated T cells are involved. The patient may indicate elevated mast cells size in
the smooth muscles and the lining of the airways. The masts cells are essential in
the process of the response of the bronchoconstriction especially to allergens and
stimuli which is an essential factor in acute asthma (King, James, Harkness & Wark,
2018).
The patient further has an obstruction of the airflow leading to oxygen support
through the increased rate of respiration, oximetry process and the administration of
oxygen support at the rate of 6LMP. The constriction process can be initiated
through the bronchoconstriction, oedema, plug formation and the remodelling of the
airway. The presence of chronic mucus which often entails serum proteins and cell