Ways of Knowing in Nursing
Added on 2023-01-23
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NURSING 1
WAYS OF KNOWING IN NURSING
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WAYS OF KNOWING IN NURSING
Name:
Course:
Professor:
University:
Date:
NURSING 2
THE FIVE WAYS OF KNOWING IN NURSING.
In my discussion I will be analyzing the ways of knowing in nursing with my focus on
Shelley and Sam who are registered nurses. Their thought process and way of acting in this
scenario is well informed from different ways of knowing in nursing and they are well applied.
The nursing profession majorly dwell on four diverse ways of knowing as initially explained by
Barbara A. Carper in 1978 who was a professor at Texas Woman’s University college of
Nursing. This essay will dwell on five critical ways of knowing in nursing namely; empirical,
ethics, aesthetics, personal knowledge, and social political.
Empirical as one of the fundamental ways of knowing in nursing is used to explain the
science of nursing. Refers to the use laws and theories with the aim to gain knowledge that can
be used to explain pathologies and predict health outcomes. In this scenario Shelley assesses the
foot of James who has come in with a cut and from her knowledge of the current situation she is
able to explain to Jenny what steps she will need to do in order to treat James. Shelly irrigates
James cut using aseptic technique with the knowledge of the danger posed by septic material in a
cut wound. After treating the cut and bandaging she then advises Jenny on what follow up care is
needed for the expected outcome in this case. Shelly has clearly demonstrated that empirical
knowledge through assessing of the cut and knowing it is not as unpleasant as it appears to be,
she has the diagnosis of the problem she faces. She undertakes the necessary interventions to
treat the cut and achieves her goal in the end by treating the cut. She ensures that scientific
knowledge is well applied as expressed by Lisa, Garland, and Miller (2015) that it revolves
around articulation of proved theories, well-regulated proposed procedures, conceptual models
and theories.
THE FIVE WAYS OF KNOWING IN NURSING.
In my discussion I will be analyzing the ways of knowing in nursing with my focus on
Shelley and Sam who are registered nurses. Their thought process and way of acting in this
scenario is well informed from different ways of knowing in nursing and they are well applied.
The nursing profession majorly dwell on four diverse ways of knowing as initially explained by
Barbara A. Carper in 1978 who was a professor at Texas Woman’s University college of
Nursing. This essay will dwell on five critical ways of knowing in nursing namely; empirical,
ethics, aesthetics, personal knowledge, and social political.
Empirical as one of the fundamental ways of knowing in nursing is used to explain the
science of nursing. Refers to the use laws and theories with the aim to gain knowledge that can
be used to explain pathologies and predict health outcomes. In this scenario Shelley assesses the
foot of James who has come in with a cut and from her knowledge of the current situation she is
able to explain to Jenny what steps she will need to do in order to treat James. Shelly irrigates
James cut using aseptic technique with the knowledge of the danger posed by septic material in a
cut wound. After treating the cut and bandaging she then advises Jenny on what follow up care is
needed for the expected outcome in this case. Shelly has clearly demonstrated that empirical
knowledge through assessing of the cut and knowing it is not as unpleasant as it appears to be,
she has the diagnosis of the problem she faces. She undertakes the necessary interventions to
treat the cut and achieves her goal in the end by treating the cut. She ensures that scientific
knowledge is well applied as expressed by Lisa, Garland, and Miller (2015) that it revolves
around articulation of proved theories, well-regulated proposed procedures, conceptual models
and theories.
NURSING 3
Personal knowledge as one of the fundamental way of knowing in nursing is the
assimilation and materializing of interconnection between a nurse and the patient involved. It is
suggested by Lisa, Garland, and Miller (2015) that after one has fully know themselves then they
can wholly know the other person with this getting support from Carper who said that no one
truly knows themselves but we only try to. Shelley who has children herself can relate to Jenny’s
current situation of worry when her three year old son James is cut as she was also worried as a
young mother. She uses this knowledge acquired through personal experience to try and calm
down Jenny and give her reassurance that everything will be fine and it will help James as well
in the process. When one has gone through experience in life and accepted it personally and
taken it positively then only can they help others faced by the similar situations in life. Shelly
clearly understands what it means to be a young mother and uses her knowledge in nursing
practice to help her patient James and the mother Jenny. This concept of personal knowledge has
been very helpful as it helps provide an opportunity for improved service delivery (Mantzorou
and Mastrogiannis, 2011). The significance of personal knowledge is that it is gained through
personal efforts or experience without any endeavor in paying attention to documented concepts
and procedures which may be ununderstandable (Bonis, 2009). Through personal knowledge
then nurses can use their own undocumented experience in the treatment of patients as Shelly is
able to immediately calm Jenny and James through her experience of being a young mother.
Aesthetics as a way of knowing in nursing is regarded to as the art of nursing based on
the reflection of their experience. It was described by Carper (1978) as mind, body and spirit
involvement in creative, transformational experience. It is not based on scientific knowledge,
personal insight and intuition required, depends on the individual and their current
environment(Carper,2010). When Jenny arrives at the hospital with James her son having a cut
Personal knowledge as one of the fundamental way of knowing in nursing is the
assimilation and materializing of interconnection between a nurse and the patient involved. It is
suggested by Lisa, Garland, and Miller (2015) that after one has fully know themselves then they
can wholly know the other person with this getting support from Carper who said that no one
truly knows themselves but we only try to. Shelley who has children herself can relate to Jenny’s
current situation of worry when her three year old son James is cut as she was also worried as a
young mother. She uses this knowledge acquired through personal experience to try and calm
down Jenny and give her reassurance that everything will be fine and it will help James as well
in the process. When one has gone through experience in life and accepted it personally and
taken it positively then only can they help others faced by the similar situations in life. Shelly
clearly understands what it means to be a young mother and uses her knowledge in nursing
practice to help her patient James and the mother Jenny. This concept of personal knowledge has
been very helpful as it helps provide an opportunity for improved service delivery (Mantzorou
and Mastrogiannis, 2011). The significance of personal knowledge is that it is gained through
personal efforts or experience without any endeavor in paying attention to documented concepts
and procedures which may be ununderstandable (Bonis, 2009). Through personal knowledge
then nurses can use their own undocumented experience in the treatment of patients as Shelly is
able to immediately calm Jenny and James through her experience of being a young mother.
Aesthetics as a way of knowing in nursing is regarded to as the art of nursing based on
the reflection of their experience. It was described by Carper (1978) as mind, body and spirit
involvement in creative, transformational experience. It is not based on scientific knowledge,
personal insight and intuition required, depends on the individual and their current
environment(Carper,2010). When Jenny arrives at the hospital with James her son having a cut
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