Clinical Trial Research Review Assignment

This assignment reviews a clinical trial on trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy to increase self-efficacy in abused primary school children.

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
CLINICAL TRIAL RESEARCH REVIEW ASSIGNMENT
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

1NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Clinical research trials are conducted by the researchers so that identification of any
medical, surgical as well as behavioral intervention could be discovered and utilized for the
benefit of the target population (Oh et al., 2015). In this clinical trial assignment, the paper by
Farina et al. (2018) has been chosen to understand the ‘trauma focused cognitive
behavioral therapy’ to increase self-efficacy in abused primary school children.
Child abuse and violence has emerged as one of the primary social concern in recent
society as majority of the cultures and societies around the world are facing such issues. These
violence and abusive experience affects children by exerting malicious effects on the
developmental, cognitive emotional and behavioral aspects that remains with them forever
(Widom, Czaja & Dutton, 2014). Hence, the primary aim of the chosen clinical trial study was to
understand the role of trauma focuses cognitive behavioral therapy in increasing and reinforcing
self-efficacy among children who have suffered such abuses in their life (Farina et al., 2018).
Randomized clinical trial was used by the researchers, within which 40 children from 9 to
12 years from Kermanshah in 2016 to 2017 were chosen and were divided into control and
clinical trial group randomly (Farina et al., 2018). The selection of 40 children were based on the
child abuse questionnaire and interviews conducted with the parents and children. In the
intervention group, the trauma based cognitive behavioral therapy based on the Cohen’s protocol
was conducted in 10 sessions by a child psychologist and the process was conducted twice
weekly. In this sessions, the first session was used to make the participants familiarize with the
process, session, the therapy and the questionnaire they would be filling in the next few sessions.
Whereas, the second, third and fourth session dealt with understanding the self-aspect of
children, understanding their responses, reactions and management to overcome the trauma and

2NURSING ASSIGNMENT
analyzing their body language so that the effectiveness of the session could be identified. The
next few sessions, on the other hand, were based on the children and their understanding of
cognitive confrontation, identifying their negative thoughts and cognitive distortions so that in
the next two sessions, they could be provided with trauma coping strategies and their perspective
of trauma could be changed using increased environmental support. After conducting these
sessions, the researchers asked the participants to fill the self-efficacy questionnaire so that after
2 weeks of the interventions, the progress of the participants in increasing their confidence could
be assessed (Farina et al., 2018).
The questionnaire prepared for self-efficacy assessment was inclusive of 23 questions
that assessed the participant’s social, emotional and educational aspects after the intervention.
Whereas the child abuse questionnaire which was used for the inclusion of selected participants
in the clinical trial study included the amount of emotional abuse, physical abuse and total
misbehavior faced by the children and hence, depending on the rate of abuse, the children were
included in the study (Farina et al., 2018). The researchers were aware of the ethical account and
associated reliability of the research process and hence, they collected consent from both the
children and their parents. Further, the calculation was done by SPSS statistical software so that
majority of the research and systematic bias of the study could be eliminated ti increase its
efficacy (Farina et al., 2018).
In the results, it was observed that control group, where only cognitive behavioral therapy
was used as an intervention showed almost similar benefit to the participants so that they could
cope up with their insecurities and develop self-efficacy. However, in the intervention group, the
social and emotional self-efficacy was more developed and the participants were able to

3NURSING ASSIGNMENT
communicate without any fear of their trauma in their society. Hence, it was an effective
intervention, which could be used in future psychological consequences so that patients could be
provided with confidence, hope and courage to overcome their trauma and lead a healthy life.

4NURSING ASSIGNMENT
References
Farina, V., Salemi, S., Tatari, F., Abdoli, N., Jouybari, T. A., Alikhani, M., ... & Zakiei, A.
(2018). Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy a clinical trial to increase self-
efficacy in abused the primary school children. Journal of education and health
promotion, 7.
Oh, S. S., Galanter, J., Thakur, N., Pino-Yanes, M., Barcelo, N. E., White, M. J., ... & Borrell, L.
N. (2015). Diversity in clinical and biomedical research: a promise yet to be
fulfilled. PLoS medicine, 12(12), e1001918.
Widom, C. S., Czaja, S., & Dutton, M. A. (2014). Child abuse and neglect and intimate partner
violence victimization and perpetration: A prospective investigation. Child abuse &
neglect, 38(4), 650-663.