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Nursing Assignment (solved)

   

Added on  2020-06-06

18 Pages6605 Words46 Views
Healthcare and Research
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Nursing Project project 1 (2,000 words 45%)PLEASE DO NOT RE-FORMAT THIS TEMPLATEPlease note: 2,000 words includes the in-text references but excludes the citation and Reference List.INTRODUCTION Providing end-of-life care for patients who are dying and their families is recognized as being one of the most stressful but potentially rewarding experiences for nurses (Efstathiou & Walker 2014). The death of a patient is an outcome that nurses can expect to encounter in their clinical practice. Death can occur in any setting such as neonatal units, emergency departments, intensive care units, and the community (Kain 2013; Hinderer 2012). Nurses are called on to provide end-of-life care to deteriorating patients of all ages and effective support to their families, within a therapeutic relationship (NMBA 2016; van der Riet, Pitt & Blyton 2014). There is extensive researchon the experiences of patients approaching death and bereaved families (Hinderer 2012), but less is known about how nurses who care for such patients effectively manage their loss and grief experiences and sustain their resilience (van der Riet, Pitt &Blyton 2014). Providing end-of-life care for patients who are dying can be demanding for nurses, but hospice and palliative care nurses usually receive organizational and emotional support to cope with death and grief. However, there is lack of support for nurses in intensive care units (ICU) that can negatively affect their grief experiences (Espinosa, Young, Symes, Haile & Walsh 2010). If poorly managed, grief can cause stress, burnout and negatively affect work performance, optimal patient care and retention (Coetzee & Klopper 2010; Yoder 2010). Clinicians who experience burnout are more likely to depersonalize their patients, such as referring to them as their disease (Bauer-Wu & Fontaine 2015).Research question: What are nurses’ experiences, beliefs and coping strategies whenproviding end-of-life care for patients and their families in the intensive care setting?
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The research question is highly significant in clinical practice because nurses’ experiences and coping strategies related to patient death can provide insight to how they manage their emotions as they provide person-centred care for patients and their families (NMBA 2016). Findings could provide local and international nurse leaders and managers with strategies to strengthen supportive ICU work environments in which nurses provide care. Findings could also be used by nurse educators to integrate end-of-life care and self-care strategies into the nursing curriculum to raise undergraduate nursing students’ awareness about the importance of developing coping strategies to effectively manage their emotions and grief (van der Riet, Pitt & Blyton 2014). The research question is therefore highly relevant to clinical practice and has wider implications for the health and wellbeing of nurses, the nursing profession, healthcare organisations, and quality care for patients and their families.
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SUMMARY ANALYSIS OF FOUR (4) PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLES Paper 1Bailey, C., Murphy, R. & Porock, D., 2011, 'Professional tears: developing emotional intelligence around death and dying in emergency work' Journal of clinical nursing,20(23‐24), pp.3364-3372.In this article author has used qualitative study design with the help ofuncoordinated observations and semi organized interrogation. Aim of this study was todetermine how nurse working in emergency cases manages the emotionalconsequences of death and dying. It also represents the model for developing expertisecare delivery in cases of end of life and dying. Major participants in while takingobservations were emergency staff, patients who were going through illness andrelatives of the patients. Interviews were taken with the care workers, nurses andrelatives to find out the impact of end-of-life of a person on them. Interview and observation method has been used. It has been found form theresearch that some nurse were able to manage the emotional impact because theyhave invested their remedial self into the relationship of nurse and patient. Thesenurses put the therapeutic self in relationship by managing the emotional effect of endof life. Nurse has developed emotional intelligence through which they easily cared ofdying patients (Bailey, Murphy and Porock, 2011). These nurses have found reward incaring for dying persons which at last created positive environment for patients andrelatives of them. Nurses in emergency care has established expertise by providingcare in 3 stages which are self-investment in relationship of nurse and patient, emotionimpact management and emotional expertise development. Hurdles that restrictsconversion to intelligence contributes in stress that is occupational. Major emphasis hasbeen given in the articles for emotional aspects of the nursing practices. Paper 2Ranse, K., Yates, P & Coyer, F., 2012, 'End-of-life care in the intensive care setting: a descriptive exploratory qualitative study of nurses’ beliefs and practices.Australian Critical Care, 25(1), pp.4-12.In this research author has used qualitative design study by using interviews,unstructured observations and these interviews were analysed using inductive coding.This research was carried out with the purpose of analysing the beliefs associated withend-of-life care and intensive care nurses practices (Ranse, Yates and Coyer, 2012).Care nurses of hospital and staff workers who provided the end-of-life care were
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included as the respondents in this study. Method used in this research was synchronicqualitative technique to invite samples of five nurses involved in intensive care. Three major concepts were evaluated from the interviews which are beliefs andassumptions about dying and deaths, in depth care in end stages of life and assisting incare given at the time of end of life. First two concepts integrated constituents which arecontributing in care practices and experiences in end of life cases. Third one capturesthe nurses involved in practices of dying and death care. Despite there were variousuncertainties associated with care in dying stages of a patient, the intensive careprovide nurses an opportunity in aiding positive experiences in caring at end stages ofperson. Nurses have valued their involvement in the activity of care in dying and deathsituations. This care plays a significant role in helping the patients and their relatives ingaining pragmatic experiences. Nurses in the care home are maintaining good patientand nurse relationship so that positive environment around dying and death patient.Nurses are taking this intensive care as an opportunity and providing good care to dyingand death patients. Paper 3Katherine A. Hinderer, 2012, 'Reactions to Patient Death The Lived Experience of Critical Care Nurses''DIMENSCRIT CARE NURSE, 31(4),In this research descriptive research design has been used. It has helped for describing the issue in detailed manner. Qualitative research study has been used in the present research. In this research study Aim of the scholar is for exploring the live experiences that are encountered by of critical care nurses during patient death.Sample of 6 Critical care nurses has been taken who have participated in the research study. Semi structured interview is conducted by the researcher and reviews of participants have been taken through this. In depth interviews have been conducted and through this data for the research study has been collected. 4 different themes have been outlined and one of the theme is associated with Coping. Second theme is based on personal distress. Third theme of the article is related with Emotional dissonance and fourth theme with the inevitable death. Participant nurses that have taken part in the study have described wide mechanisms that have been used by nurses to cope out in the situations when they have encountered death of a patient. Respondent nurses have acknowledged thatdeath of the patient was an inevitable aspect of critical care nursing practices. From the findings of the study it has been assessed that death has been an emotional and personal implication for the nurses. The findings gained from the study revealed that raw emotions triggers by the death of a person in health care setting. One of the central
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