NURSING ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY ANALYSIS Name of the Student Name of the University

NURSING ASSIGNMENT NURSING ASSIGNMENT 8 8 NURSING ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY ANALYSIS NURSING ASSIGNMENT Name of the Student Name of the University Author note Answer 1 2 Answer 2 2 Answer 3 2 Answer 4 3 Answer 5 3 Answer 6 4 Answer 7 4 Answer 8 4 Answer 9 5 Answer 10 5 References 6 Answer 1 The three major functions of the nervous system are – Sensory function, in which the sensory nerves gathers informations

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
CASE STUDY ANALYSIS NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Table of Contents
Answer 1..............................................................................................................................2
Answer 2..............................................................................................................................2
Answer 3..............................................................................................................................2
Answer 4..............................................................................................................................3
Answer 5..............................................................................................................................3
Answer 6..............................................................................................................................4
Answer 7..............................................................................................................................4
Answer 8..............................................................................................................................4
Answer 9..............................................................................................................................5
Answer 10............................................................................................................................5
References............................................................................................................................6

2NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Answer 1
The three major functions of the nervous system are –
 Sensory function, in which the sensory nerves gathers informations from the outer
environment and from inside the body. Afterwards, the information is carried to
the central nervous system or CNS.
 Interpretative function, in which the sensory information collected from the outer
and inner environment is processed and interpreted to provide data.
 Motor function, in which the collected and interpreted data are being conveyed
from the CNS to the muscles and different glands of the body (Nieuwenhuys,
Hans & Nicholson, 2014).
Answer 2
Pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)-
 In this inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, lesions
generally called as plaques are visible. As the blood brain barrier is damaged,
enhanced expression of different adhesion molecules on the surface of
lymphocytes and macrophages allows the inflammatory cells to cross the barrier.
 T-cell then becomes activated and the antigen presenting cells such as microglia
secrets free radicals, proteases and nitric oxide inside the brain cells that leads to
tissue damage and lesions (Solaro, Trabucco & Uccelli, 2013).

3NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Answer 3
Daisy Mae (21) is suffering from blurred vision, memory loss and balance related
problems. Optical problems are one of the major symptoms of multiple sclerosis. She feels
numbness in her legs and has severe jaw pain. According to Li et al. (2012), 30 to 40 percent of
people suffers from pain during this phase. She feels urinary urgency as the pathophysiology of
the disease explains that the bladder of the patient does not empties properly, hence, frequent
urinal occurs.
Answer 4
The basic structure of the urinary system is –
 Two kidneys, this helps to eliminate waste liquid called urea and helps to keep
chemicals and water in balance. It helps to regulate the blood pressure, to produce
erythropoietin to regulate the blood cells through bone marrow.
 Two ureters, this helps to carry the urine from kidneys to the bladder (Bradley,
2013).
 Bladder, located in the lower abdomen, relaxes, and expands to collect the urine.
It helps to discard the urine from the body.
 Sphincter muscle, it helps to close the bladder opening tightly to keep the urine
from leaking.
 Bladder nerves, it helps to alert the person about time of urination.
 Urethra helps to pass the urine outside of the body (Mathias & Bannister, 2013).

4NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Answer 5
Special senses are senses that has devoted organs for them such as tongue to taste, ears to
hear, eyes to see and nose to smell.
 Eyes, helps to watch the surrounding environment using light in the visible
spectrum.
 Nose, using chemoreceptors, it helps to detect the hazard or presence of food
around.
 Ears, helps to detect sound by perceiving vibrations.
 Tongue, with chemical reaction to taste receptors helps to determine flavors of
food (Patel & Pinto, 2014).
Answer 6
 Vision- more than 30 percent people feel blurring, color blindness and other
optical problems during MS. Daisy as well felt optical neuritis during onset of the
disease.
 Hearing- maximum 6 percent of people experience hearing issues while affected
with MS as the auditory nerves becomes damaged.
 Smell- as the damaged the olfactory bulb unable to detect the smell, 45 percent of
people suffering from MS reports this problem.
 Feel- MS patients feel numbness and other infuriating sensations as the sensory
nerve fibers becomes damaged. Daisy also felt numbness in her legs.
 Taste- damaged taste sensory nerves affects the ability to taste in people with MS,
however the percentage is very low (5 percent) (Weissert, 2013).

5NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Answer 7
Edentulous – people having no natural teeth are known as edentulous. It can be partial or
complete loss of teeth.
Dentate- people having natural amount of teeth are known as dentate (Brockhoff et al.,
2014).
Answer 8
 According to a study, MS causes dental carries and gum diseases in patients
(Santa Eulalia-Troisfontaines et al., 2012).
 Pain in tooth or gum may be related to poor oral hygiene that can affect her
dietary ability as well as social appearance.
 Pain in mouth can interfere in flossing and brushing. Further, that can lead to
dental and oral infections, numbness and swelling as well.
Answer 9
 Daisy is feeling numbness in her both legs, and having a prolonged history of
optical problems.
 Secondly, she is having problems regarding balancing and memory and suffering
from urinary emergency.
 Despite of regular sports activities, clean dietary habit, no tobacco consumption
she feels her symptoms increasing every day.
 Finally, at the last stage of assessment, the MRI report indicates that she is
suffering from multiple sclerosis and all the above-mentioned symptoms were
associated to that.

6NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Answer 10
Health professionals that should be involved in the care for Daisy are-
 An ophthalmologist as she is suffering from optical problems.
 psychologists as she is facing problems regarding memory
 Orthopedic, as she is feeling numbness in her legs.

7NURSING ASSIGNMENT
References
Question 4: Bradley, T. J. (2013). 10 The EXCretory System. Structure and
Physiology. Regulation: Digestion, Nutrition, Excretion, 421.
https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=kkPgBAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA421&dq=Bradley,+T.+J.+(2013).
+10+The+EXCretory+System.+Structure+and+Physiology.+Regulation:+Digestion,
+Nutrition,+Excretion,
+421.&ots=sTUOWI8a_U&sig=B5aPyFBGLJ5GcPDkQ3uSm9mY-
ZI#v=onepage&q&f=false
Question 7: Brockhoff, H. C., Yates, D. M., Finn, R., & Phillips, C. (2014). Comparison of
intraoral harvest sites in the edentulous versus dentate specimen. Oral surgery, oral
medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, 117(5), 575-580.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212440314002648
Question 3: Li, Y., Munger, K. L., Batool-Anwar, S., De Vito, K., Ascherio, A., & Gao, X.
(2012). Association of multiple sclerosis with restless legs syndrome and other sleep
disorders in women. Neurology, 78(19), 1500-1506.
http://www.neurology.org/content/78/19/1500.short
Question 4: Mathias, C. J., & Bannister, R. (Eds.). (2013). Autonomic failure: a textbook of
clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system. OUP Oxford.
https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zQqSAV-
E7ccC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=function+of+nervous+system&ots=3SfFkA8mjk&sig=vM

8NURSING ASSIGNMENT
eCsPeE9sd-G4VPF6RiO1Xgsbw#v=onepage&q=function%20of%20nervous
%20system&f=false
Question 1: Nieuwenhuys, R., Hans, J., & Nicholson, C. (2014). The central nervous system of
vertebrates. Springer. https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=gsDqCAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=major+functions+of+central+
nervous+system+&ots=vHFHxBLLeD&sig=LvLE_B_jppBkuqUgtdOGmdwvvuo#v=on
epage&q=major%20functions%20of%20central%20nervous%20system&f=false
Question 5: Patel, R. M., & Pinto, J. M. (2014). Olfaction: anatomy, physiology, and
disease. Clinical Anatomy, 27(1), 54-60.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ca.22338/full
Question 8: Santa Eulalia-Troisfontaines, E., Martínez-Pérez, E. M., Miegimolle-Herrero, M., &
Planells-del-Pozo, P. (2012). Oral health status of a population with multiple
sclerosis. Medicina Oral, Patología Oral Y Cirugía Bucal, 17(2), e223–e227.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3448308/
Question 2: Solaro, C., Trabucco, E., & Uccelli, M. M. (2013). Pain and multiple sclerosis:
pathophysiology and treatment. Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 13(1), 320.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11910-012-0320-5
Question 6: Weissert, R. (2013). The immune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Journal of
Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 8(4), 857-866.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11481-013-9467-3