This essay discusses the process of nursing health assessment for older patients. It covers the steps of considering the patient situation, collecting cues and information, and processing the gathered information. The importance of ethical considerations and background issues is also highlighted.
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Running Head: NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT Name of the student: Name of the university: Author note:
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1NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT Table of Contents Introduction................................................................................................................................2 Consider the patient situation (CRC 1)......................................................................................2 Collect cues and information (CRC 2).......................................................................................3 Process information (CRC 3).....................................................................................................3 Conclusion..................................................................................................................................4 References..................................................................................................................................6
2NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT Introduction Health assessment of the patient is conducted based on the clinical reasoning cycle. The chosen population in the essay is old age people. The interview is conducted by considering the patient situation, which will help in gathering all the important information related to patient’s health (Guzys, Brown, Halcomb & Whitehead, 2017). The information gathered is then interpreted and processed and the outcome is evaluated with the help of health care professional. Consider the patient situation (CRC 1) Clinical reasoning cycle helps in designing a care plan for the patient by considering their current Health situation. In this step of the cycle health condition of the patient is considered for processing by different methods (Daly, 2018). The interview is conducted among the older patient of age 65 years and above of a particular health organization. Before conducting the interview consent letter is collected from the respondents (Tappen, 2016). Data from the patient is collected through one to one conversation to maintain the privacy of the patient and along with that other ethical issue are also considered.The targeted population is older adults hence special care is to be taken regarding their medical health during the interview session such as physician or health care staff for any emergency. If the patient is not able to speak the common language, interpreter or other health care staff, who knows patient’s native language should be present during the interview (Tappen, 2016). Good rapport should be builtbetween the nurse and the patient to extract all the important information. During the interview, open ended questions are asked to gain more detailed information. Cultural background of the patient is considered by removing the biasness. Gender or age specific discrimination should be avoided.
3NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT Collect cues and information (CRC 2) After considering the patient situation, cues and information were collected related to patient that will help in designing the plan after processing the information. During the interview different questions were asked related to his past medical history, social and economic background, and family background history. Current information related to the patient such as reports, medical history and health assessment result are reviewed (Daly, 2018). The target population are older adults, issues such as arthritis, dementia, and diabetes are common and hence discussed in the interview. Consumption of alcohol and smoking in older adults leads to further deterioration of health. Hence the information regarding such addiction are collected during the interview, for example amount of alcohol or cigarette consumed in a day.Depression, dementia and other medical illness are also extremely prevalent in older adults. Hence determinants responsible for mental illness such as multiple disorders, use of excessive medication and social isolation was also discussed. Information about the medication she is relying on or any recent surgeries, hospitalization was also conversed. Based on the review, new information are gathered and then the information gathered from the review is recalled such as the risk factors and symptoms associated with the disease by the help of open ended questions (Rifkin & Lazris, 2014). Process information (CRC 3) The information and cues collected from the patient during the interview is processed to identify the problems and risk. Processing of information is done through interpretation, discrimination (distinguishing of irrelevant information from the relevant information),relatethe information,thenthe informationisinferred(alternativesand significances are considered) and matched and at last an outcome will be predicted with the help of a healthcare expert. Through the collection of information regarding the signs and symptoms, disparities from the normal range is interpreted. For example if the blood pressure
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4NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT of the patient is 140/70, it is more than that of the normal range (120/80). If the patient is addicted to alcohol or smoking, then the amount (consumption per day) is discussed during the interview. It is then interpreted that whether it is in the normal range or more than that (Batsis et al., 2016). In the case of older patient, joint pain is common. Hence, if the joint pain is from the longer time in the patient, she/he might be suffering from arthritis. From the information regarding the height, weight and age is evaluated. Based on that is interpreted that, whether the patient is overweight or is normal according to their height and age. The information obtained from the patient was related with other information such as if the patient is overweighed it might be due to the side effect of the prescribed medication or if the patient is having diarrhoea or any other illness it may be because of the side effects of medicines or symptoms of other acute disease (Holahan et al., 2018). In the case of patient suffering from depression, dementia, anxiety, nervousness, menstrual complication, feeling of exhaustion, less appetite, sleep disturbances, feeling of guilt and irritability is common (Sin Yaffe& Whooley, 2015). Other information such as regarding the blood pressure, blood glucose is processed. If the Blood glucose level of the patient is more than that of the normal range, it is concluded that the patient is having diabetes which give rise to severe symptoms such as nausea, fatigue, frequent urination and excessive thirst. For example if the diabetic patient is facing menstrual complication, it is one of the symptoms of diabetes(American Diabetes Association, 2017). From the past medical history of the patient, which is gathered during the interview is also processed. Information regarding the genetic medical history is obtained during the interview and managed. After gathering and processing of all the information obtained from interview, the issue is identified, care plan is designed and evaluated. Conclusion From the above essay it is concluded that, health assessment interview of the older patient is conducted by considering the patient’s situation. Ethical, social and background
5NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT issue of the patient is considered. After that cues and information such as past medical history are collected and then the collected information is processed.
6NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT References American Diabetes Association. (2017). 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes.Diabetes care,40(Supplement 1), S11-S24.https://doi.org/10.2337/dc17-S005 Batsis, J. A., Mackenzie, T. A., Bartels, S. J., Sahakyan, K. R., Somers, V. K., & Lopez- Jimenez, F. (2016). Diagnostic accuracy of body mass index to identify obesity in older adults: NHANES 1999–2004.International journal of obesity,40(5), 761.https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.243 Daly, P. (2018). A concise guide to clinical reasoning.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice,24(5), 966-972.https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.12940 Guzys, D., Brown, R., Halcomb, E., & Whitehead, D. (2017).An Introduction to Community andPrimaryHealthCare.CambridgeUniversityPress.Retrievedfrom: https://books.google.co.in/books? hl=en&lr=&id=35okDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&ots=J0YaLj2PRt&sig= NrsjcMtXGQ0r-SC3TYmx5vLg7hA#v=onepage&q&f=false Holahan, C. J., Brennan, P. L., Schutte, K. K., Holahan, C. K., Hixon, J. G., & Moos, R. H. (2018). Drinking level versus drinking pattern and cigarette smoking among older adults.Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research,42(4), 795-802. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13607 Rifkin, E., & Lazris, A. (2014).Interpreting health benefits and risks: A practical guide to facilitatedoctor-patientcommunication.Springer.Retrievedfrom: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-11544-3 Sin, N. L., Yaffe, K., & Whooley, M. A. (2015). Depressive symptoms, cardiovascular disease severity, and functional status in older adults with coronary heart
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7NURSING HEALTH ASSESSMENT disease: the heart and soul study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 63(1), 8-15.https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13188 Tappen, R. M. (2016).Advanced nursing research: From theory to practice. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Retrieved from:https://books.google.co.in/books? hl=en&lr=&id=DnyUCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=Tappen,+R.+(2011). +Advanced+nursing+research+:+From+theory+to+practice.+Sudbury,+Mass.: +Jones+%26+Bartlett+Learning. +&ots=NMoANhflIu&sig=sv2_6eByDvZyoGBDS1nM9YGUgSc#v=onepage &q=Tappen%2C%20R.%20(2011).%20Advanced%20nursing%20research %20%3A%20From%20theory%20to%20practice.%20Sudbury%2C%20Mass. %3A%20Jones%20%26%20Bartlett%20Learning.&f=false