Theoretical background of Operant conditional learning theory

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Theoretical background of Operant conditional learning theory
Operant condition is defined as the process of learning that takes place through reward as
well as punishment for behaviour. With the help of the mentioned learning process, an individual
develops the potential to build an relationship between a behaviour as well as consequence. The
concept of Operant conditional learning was first developed by John B. Watson. He was the first
on to leave academic psychology and proposes innovative forms of learning other than classical
conditioning. When it comes to the theoretical background of the mentioned theory, the theory of
the operant learning theory is majorly based on the theory of Law of effect, developed by
Edward L. Thorndike. As per the mentioned principle, behaviour which is followed by enjoyable
consequences is more likely to get repeated (Trask, Thrailkill & Bouton, 2017). On the other
hand behaviours followed by unlikable consequences is less likely to be repeated.
Along with the mentioned theory, Skinner introduced a new concept in the law of effect
reinforcement (Bouton, 2019). Behaviour that is reinforced is more likely to be repeated. On
contrary, behaviour that is not reinforced are more likely to get weakened. Three types of
responses or operant has been identified by Skinner. They are Neutral operant, reinforcers and
punishers. Neutral operant are responses from the environment which neither enhance nor get
diminished by the likelihood of behaviour of being repeated. Another type of response that has
been defined by Skinner includes environmental responses that diminish the likelihood of the
repeated behaviour. Punishment is often found to be weakening behaviour (Dymond, 2019).
When it comes to positive reinforcement, Skinner demonstrated how the mentioned
process worked by putting a hungry rat in his skinner box. The box is comprised of a lever on
one side, as soon as the rat moved into the box, it knocks the lever accidentally. Immediately