Nursing Research: Importance, Hypothesis, Sampling, Ethics, and Scientific Method

This article covers the importance of nursing research, hypothesis, sampling, ethics, and scientific method. It also discusses the methods section, types of research, and principles of ethical conduct. The article is relevant for nursing students and professionals seeking to understand the basics of nursing research.

Running Head: Nursing Research
Nursing Research
Institution
Name
Date

Nursing Research
1. What is the highest priority for the importance of research in the nursing profession?
1. Research findings provide evidence for informing nurses’ decisions and actions
Evidence based practice provide a framework that update and enrich decision making
and actions of nurses.
2. What is the statement of the researcher’s expectations or predictions about relationships
among study variables?
2. Hypothesis
States deductively expectations of the researcher about relationships between
variables of study (Polit & Beck, 2010).
3. What is the purpose of an operational definition in a quantitative study?
Specify how a variable will be defined and measured
Provides a clear and concise articulation of the process required to determine
phenomena’s nature and properties.
4. What is the overall plan for answering the research question?
D. Research design
It is the architectural back bone of a study that address challenges undermining study
evidence (Wood & Kerr, 2011).
5. What is included in the methods section of a study?
C. Strategies used to address the problem
It presents the criteria used in obtaining the relevant information used to draw research
findings.
6. What type of hypothesis is represented by the statement “the fewer the social support an
elderly person has, the more likely the individual will be institutionalized”?
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A. Directional
One is able to predict the direction i.e. effect of one variable on the other.
7. What is beneficence?
B. Protection from physical and psychological harm and exploitation.
Requires the researcher to have the welfare of participants in mind; maximizing
benefit and minimizing harm.
8. The researcher wants to explore the extent to which quantitative findings can be applied
to other groups and settings. What is this called?
C. Transferability
Defines the ability to take experimental results and apply them elsewhere.
9. What is affected by the sampling plan for a research study?
Construct validity
Defines the degree to a test measures that which it claims as relates to sampling plan.
10. What type of sampling divides the population into homogenous strata from which
elements are selected randomly?
Stratified random sampling
The small groups are usually homogenous called strata.
11. What is justice?
A. Right to fair treatment
It advocates for fair selection of participants in research through ideal distribution of
benefits and risks.
12. What criteria do quantitative researchers use to assess the consistency of information
obtained in a study?
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Dependability
Helps to establish the finding of research as repeatable and consistent through a study
audit.
13. The student nurse is constructing a presentation on evidence based practice. Which
statement should be included in the introduction about evidence based practice?
A. Conscientious integration of current best evidence with clinical expertise.
Provides the most relevant evidence through a critical appraisal in answering clinical
questions.
14. Evidence based practice typically involves weighing various types of evidence in an
effort to determine best evidence. Most evidence hierarchies put which systematic review
at the pinnacle?
A. Randomized controlled trials
It seeks to minimize bias in a research context when testing a new treatment.
15. ARN is putting research into practice. What step of the process is involved with the
validity of study findings?
D. Integrating evidence with other factors.
It contributes to refining the evidence obtained through randomized application to
other groups.
16. The nurse researcher knows that samples and sampling plans vary in quality. What is a
key consideration in assessing a sample in a quantitative study?
A. Formulating a question
The sample ought to accurately reflect the element being researched on; about the
entire population.
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17. What is a primary source for a research literature review?
B. A summary of relevant research on the topic of interest
It gives a detailed description of relevant research findings that provide a basis for the
topic of interest.
18. There are several major steps in preparing a written research review. What is the first
step?
A. Formulating a question
The literature review should be guided by a central research question.
19. Written literature reviews are undertaken for many different purposes. In a research
report, what section of the report would limitations of the study be located?
A. Introduction
It helps to make it clear about the possible mitigations and how to address them.
20. The Belmont Report articulated broad principles on which standards of ethical conduct in
research are based. Which is not considered an ethical principle for protecting study
participants in the report?
A. Beneficence
It only seeks to maximize on the benefit and minimize any harm that may arise.
21. How can confidentiality of study participants be increased?
A. Avoiding the collection of any identifying information
It would assist in preserving the anonymity of the participant unless he/ she wishes
otherwise.
22. Which can cause bias in a study?
B. Researcher’s subjectivity
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It is judgment that is based on individual impressions and feelings and can influence
findings.
23. What type of research would occur if a nurse researcher wanted to determine how well a
prenatal program was meeting its objectives?
A. Evaluation
It focuses on assessing the milestones achieved based on the outlined objectives of
the particular program.
24. What type of research examines the quality and effectiveness of healthcare and nursing
services?
B. Outcomes
It aims at examining the anticipated outcomes through measurement analysis in a
research context.
25. The nurse researcher wants to use a probability sample in the research study. Which is an
example of a probability sampling method?
C. Cluster
It involves dividing the population of interest into separate groups on which analysis
is done.
26. What is considered an advantage of a meta-analysis?
D. Enhanced power
It uses statistical approach combine results from multiple studies in order to enhance
power.
27. There is no consensus on whether systematic reviews should include the grey literature. What is
grey literature?
A. Published in a non-peer review journal
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They are research materials produced by organizations in non-commercial form as academic
publications.
28. What is a publication bias?
Stems from underrepresentation of significant findings in the published literature.
The balance of findings is disturbed when only results showing a significant finding are
published.
29. What is included in the methods section of a study?
Strategies used to address the problem
It makes it easy for someone to go through the section and understand how the research
problem was handled.
30. What is a hallmark of the scientific method?
A. Infallible
It means that the research findings are reliable and can be adopted in the nursing
context.
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References
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2010). Essentials of nursing research : appraising evidence for nursing practice.
Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Wood, M. J., & Kerr, J. C. (2011). Basic steps in planning nursing research : from question to proposal.
Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett.
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