Case Study on Nursing Stroke 2022

Running Head: NURSING CASE STUDY
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Nursing Case Study
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NURSING CASE STUDY
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Nursing case study
Introduction
Stroke is a condition in which the brain cells die suddenly due to lack of oxygen. It is
caused by blockage of blood flow to the brain either by ruptured arteries or blood clot (D’Souza,
Butcher, & Buck, 2018). In the case study, Mr. Kwom is suffering from stroke. The common
signs and symptoms of stroke include sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg .It
mostly happen on one side of the body. Other signs and symptoms include difficulty in speaking
and confusion. Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of death (Feigin, Norrving, &
Mensah, 2017). The purpose of this assignment is to describe the prevalence and incidence of
CVA in Australia and USA, assessment and management of the condition.
A comparison of the Incidence and prevalence of ischemic CVA between Australia
and the United States of America
According to data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 2015,394,000 Australians
experienced stroke at some given moment in their lives (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2018).
Out of these, 199,000 were males while 195, were females. The estimated prevalence of stroke
as at 2016 was 1.7% (Lynch, Mackintosh, Luker, & Hillier, 2018). In 2015 alone, 36,700 cases
of stroke were reported in Australia translating to approximately 100 cases each day. In 2015,
more than 56,000 new and current cases of stroke were recorded in Australia (Newbury et al.,
2016). It is estimated that by 2050, more than 1million people in Australia will be suffering from
the condition (Kilkenny, Churilov, & Cadilhac, 2017). The indigenous Australians are 1.4 times
more likely to be hospitalized and die from stroke as compared to the non-indigenous Australians
(Leyden et al., 2013). The trends are quite significant.

NURSING CASE STUDY
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In the United States of America, stroke is the third leading cause of death. It is estimated
that more than 140,000 people die from the condition annually (Joffres et al., 2013).
Furthermore, more than 795,000 people suffer from stroke. Out of the 795,000,600,000 are new
attacks while the remaining 185,000 are recurrent attacks (Koton et al., 2014). Three quarters of
the cases normally occur in individuals above 65 years. The death rates from stroke are higher
among the African-Americans as compared to the whites. Averagely, a new case of stroke in the
country happens after each 40 seconds. In 2006, stroke accounted for a single death out of 17
deaths in the country (Koton et al., 2019). The risk of ischemic stroke is double among smokers
as compared to the non-smokers. Atrial fibrillation also increases the risk of stroke in USA by
fivefold. The incidence and prevalence of stroke in USA is slightly lower than that of Australia
("Internet stroke center," n.d.). This is due to intense campaigns and policies in USA whose
target is to lower blood pressure and reduce smoking. The rate of smoking in Australia is still
high due to the presence of indigenous Australians and this contributes to the high rates of the
condition.
Assessment of findings for the case
Nursing assessment is used to note current and future patient care needs. It is a systematic
process with five essential steps. For a patient with potential stroke, the assessment process
sequentially follow each other from A-G. During the process of assessment, both subjective and
objective data are obtained. Example of subjective data include numbness, headache, and pain,
nausea, and dizziness, difficulty in swallowing and decreased sensation (Brown and Edwards,
2015). Objective data on the other hand include hemiparesis, aphasia and facial droop,
hemiplegia, ataxia, vomiting, increased secretions, incontinence and dysphagia. From the case
study, the A-G assessment was conducted and most of the data was abnormal. To start with, the