Micronutrients in Nutrition: Role, Sources, and Requirements

This report discusses the role of micronutrients in human biology, appropriate dietary sources, recommended daily intake, factors contributing to insufficiency or deficiency, excess and toxicity, and requirements across human lifespan. It also covers the signs and symptoms of deficiency, excess, and toxicity, and the most essential nutrients in the body. The report concludes with a discussion on the amount of iron in the diet, nutrition related to overcoming deficiency and overdose of iron supplements, and the importance of calcium in healthy bones and teeth.

Nutrition Micronutrients

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................3
Role of micronutrient in human biology..........................................................................................4
Appropriate dietary sources..............................................................................................................4
Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) and therapeutic dose.................................................................5
Explain factors contributing to state of insufficiency or deficiency, excess and toxicity................5
Signs and symptoms of deficiency, excess and toxicity...................................................................6
CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................................7
REFRENCES......................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Micronutrients are one of the major groups within specific varied nutrients in body needs
where they includen specific vitamins and minerals such as iron and calcium, which are necessary
for energy production, strong immune system functioning and blood clotting functions.
Minerals plays an important role in growth, bon healthcare and fluid balance within other processes
in body which plays essential role for proper nutrition in body. The report will examine specific
focus on discussing essential micronutrients in body, food essential sources in body and
requirements across human lifespan. Study will also discuss factors essentially needed for proper
absorption in body, and depletion parameters at different life stages.
Role of micronutrient in human biology
Micronutrient in human biology is one of the major groups among nutrients, essentially
needed in body which includes vitamins and minerals essential for energy production and immune
aspects within function in body Minerals plays important role in growth, bone healthcare and fluid
balance and several other procedures significantly. The role of micronutrients including calcium
and iron is to further enhance functional abilities in immune functions, blood clotting and other
functions in body among humans. Calcium and iron further also make body bones strong, immune
system strong for making body effective to fight from diseases and also maintain fluid balance and
several other procedures in consistency within body functionally. Micronutrients maintain human
biology maintenance functionally, and enhance operative strength in body for ideally developing
strong internal biology system diversely. There are various factors, such as keeping check on
appropriate dietary sources and also taking up specific care on lifespan within body for longer
healthy life. The recommended daily intake, and deficiency analysis further also enhances abilities
people to come up with significant diet requirements. It can be also analysed that keeping
significant check on iron and calcium requirements further enhances abilities, where sufficient
excess dietary plans further have to be also evolved. The role of micronutrients in body is also to
maintain proper immune system check within body, and further generate proper check on food
eating aspects significantly.

Appropriate dietary sources
The iron and calcium dietary sources further are found in varied food sources, where meat,
fish, eggs and green leafy vegetables are some of the major sources for effective health
management. Vegetarian and non-vegetarian people, for both appropriate dietary sources calcium
and iron micro nutrients plays essential role in healthy body majorly. This further heads on specific
focus on keeping daily dietary requirements in check and generate functional healthy body, which
further also evolves significant rise.
Beans and lentils, all types of legumes and milk are some of the other highly essential calcium
sources for effective diet development in bod for extended healthy eating practices. It can be also
analysed that appropriate dietary sources found in milk products such as cheese, milk, yogurt form
essential sources for calcium micronutrient. The appropriate sources such as dietary products, and
green leafy vegetables, fruits form specific sources for body to absorb calcium and iron in body.
Vegetables such as kale, broccoli, spinach, tomatoes are some of the major sources of iron. Fruits
such as banana, apple and seafood’s form specific sources where they form essential diet
requirements. Also, it can be understood that beans and lentils, should be taken in healthy food
practices and also strengthen up food eating requirements significantly. Almonds, dry fruits are
some of the other prime dietary sources for iron sources in body which also enhances functional
abilities of bones significantly.
Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) and therapeutic dose
The recommended daily intake (RDI) and therapeutic dose plays keen role for strengthening body
immunity and bone strengths, within body and to further enhance body strength. The monitoring of
daily intake and therapeutic dose of calcium and iron in body, further needs to be at check for
further improvising working abilities diversely (Mahesh, Mohanta & Patra, 2021). The
recommended daily intake of calcium can be analysed as 1000 mg per day for adults, where
women over 50 and everyone should get 1200 on daily basis. Children aged between 4-18 are
advised to consume 1300 mg, where this further plays crucial health rise within developing proper
healthcare. However, a large percentage of the population does not meet their calcium needs
through their diet. Recommended daily intake of adults aged between 19 to 64 need is 700 mg of
calcium in a day and there should be specific diet take among adults where it further forms one of
the major competent in body. Daily intake of calcium and iron, further form’s specific role in
generating effective rise on body healthcare and also make one of the key competent in body. Bones
and teeth contain over 99% of calcium, within human body and found within blood, muscles and
other tissues specific in body. Concentration of calcium is also essential in body, which further

tends to decline as people age because it is released from body which tends to decline with age.
Calcium absorption can vary depending on race, gender and age. Taking extra calcium helps bones
properly rebuild and properly stay strong which further enables to generate proper diet in body
variedly (Sangild and et.al,. 2021).
Explain factors contributing to state of insufficiency or deficiency, excess and toxicity
The deficiency of calcium and iron may be due to variety of factors, including poor, calcium
where intake over longer period of time especially in childhood. The assessment of iron deficiency,
plays crucial role in deficiency assessment where aposelenes females and males aged between age
parameters within 9-18 years or older than 51 years also have high risk of deficiency. According to
estimated published in 2015, 3.5 billion people globally are at risk of calcium deficiency and with
low dietary intake which forms specific insufficiency within bodies. Lack of proper nutritious diet
in body and medical conditions such as celiac diseases, where it is knwon as ulcerative colitis,
Crohn’s disease make it harder for intestines to absorb iron in bodies. Also, surgeries such as gastric
bypass is known to be a part of intestines and medicines used to lower stomach acid that affects
body abilities to absorb iron significantly. Too much calcium in blood within body can weaken
bones, and create rise in kidney stones which also interferes in heart and brain work. Hypercalcemia
is analysed to be a disease of overactive parathyroid glands, which increases risk of excess calcium
and toxicity (He and et.al,2021).
Signs and symptoms of deficiency, excess and toxicity
The signs and symptoms of deficiency in iron and calcium within body can be analysed with
signs and symptoms such as slow cognitive and social development during childhood which further
also impacts difficulty maintaining body temperature. Decreased immune function is one of the
major signs in decreased iron and calcium, where it also decreases body temperature and decreases
suspect ability to infection. Constipating, bloating and abdominal pain, irregular heart neat and loss
of appetite, muscle cramping, nausea and vomiting are some of the major aspects which can be
recognised by signs of less iron and calcium in body (Fanzo and et.al, 2021). Numbness, tingling
extremities are some of the factors where less toxicity has been found to be one of the major
impacts on body. Excess, toxicity, early symptoms of iron, stomach pain and nause along with
vomiting gradually increases risk of excess iron which accumulates internal organs causing
potentially fatal damage in body within brain and liver.
Requirement of micronutrients across human lifespan

The requirements of micronutrients across human lifespan among humans plays keen role in
developing effective work growth factors, where micro nutrients play keen role in enhancing human
lifespan within body. It has been also found that micronutrients are needed to further integrate
vision significantly, evolve on optimum working grounds diversely and generate effective
healthcare standards. The micronutrients across human lifestyle plays keen role in generating proper
healthy life in body which is also essential for taking up proper food habits (Davidovic and et.al,
2021).
Nutrient most essential needed in body
Iron and calcium are some of the most essential nutrients in body which is essential within
body for developing immunity internally, and also keeping check on proper healthcare conditions
significantly. The micronutrients are most essential in body, also because of proper maintenance in
body effectively which has to be further formed up for attaining competent rise on proper healthcare
standards (Yngve and et.al, 2021).
Factors contributed to increased need or depletion at different stages
Iron and calcium main role are to help transport oxygen around body which is one of the
most important part for proper functioning in brain and functional structure in healthy immune
system. Calcium is vital for healthy bones and teeth, where rapid growth and inadequate intake of
dietary iron within children of 2 years, particularly between 9 and 18 months of age making them at
highest risk at age for iron deficiency. Because of their rapid growth, infants and toddlers which
need more iron than other children for proper development of body. Depletion of calcium in body is
different at various stages, where further age is also essential to be checked and also evolved on
towards proper development (Boyle, 2021).
CONCLUSION
The report has concluded analysis in depth on varied aspects related with micronutrients,
where iron and calcium are some of the most specific nutrients. The report has also concluded
amount of iron in diet within body, nutrition related with overcoming deficiency and overdose of
iron supplements which plays keen role in improvising healthcare.

REFRENCES
Books and Journals
Boyle, M. A. (2021). Community nutrition in action. Cengage Learning.
Davidovic, D., and et.al, (2021). Nutrition and Health Claims Spectra of Pre-Packaged Foods on
Serbian Supermarket Shelves: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 13(8),
2832.
Fanzo, J., and et.al, (2021). The importance of food systems and the environment for nutrition. The
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 113(1), 7-16.
He, M., and et.al, (2021). Foodomics: a new perspective on gut probiotics nutrition and health
research. Current Opinion in Food Science.
Mahesh, M. S., Mohanta, R. K., & Patra, A. K. (2021). Probiotics in livestock and poultry nutrition
and health. In Advances in Probiotics for Sustainable Food and Medicine (pp. 149-
179). Springer, Singapore.
Sangild, P. T and et.al,. (2021). Potential benefits of bovine colostrum in pediatric nutrition and
health. Nutrients, 13(8), 2551.
Yngve, A., and et.al, (2021). The Project Collection Food, Nutrition and Health, with a Focus on
Eating Together.