Obesity: Causes, Effects, and Prevention

OBESITY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

The two main health related issues that becomes global problem for an individual are
obesity and overweight and it is very difficult to control them. Obesity is the chronic al disease
and it is affecting an individual in the society (NHS, 2017). Obesity normally affects with the
change in lifestyle and habits of eating and this is observed by many counties like Saudi Arabia.
Children and adults are mostly affected by the obesity (Al- Hussaini et.al., 2019). Obesity and
overweight are the main reasons for causing the long term diseases like Cardiovascular and
Diabetes. The risk of Insulin resistance is very high in the obese people (Roder et.al., 1998).
According to the report of International Agency for research on cancer (IARC), in 2016 ,
the increasing the body fat directly leads to the risk of cancer. The risk of oesophageal, colon,
and uterus, and breast, rectal and liver cancer increased due to obesity. Obesity and overweight
also affect the parts of body like liver; it affects the working of the liver (Lauby - Secretan et.al.,
2016). This results in the impairment of liver function, which further results in the deformities
like increasing the level of liver enzyme, cirrhosis and it may also lead to the liver cancer (Diehl
and Day, 2017).
According to the World Health Organization, the numbers of obese are increasing very
fast. According to WHO, the number of person includes the age of 18 years and older reached to
1 billion and 200 million and there were almost 650 million people who are obese (WHO, 2016).
The number of obese among the children and adolescent of age 5 to 19 is 340 millions; they are
affected by the overweight and obese. In the year 2018, it has been found that among the
children of less than 5 years there are 40 million children affected by the obesity and overweight.
In the country like Saudi Arabia, a study was conducted on the male students of almost
same age group i.e., between 6 and 18 years and amongst them, 11.7% are affected by the
overweight whereas 15.8% are affected by the obesity (Alasmari and et.al., 2017). Almost 17232
volunteers have been appointed for the conducted study and 36.9% were declared obese among
them.
The major causes for the obesity and overweight are Physical activities, genetic,
psychological, and social and diet. The most important factor is diet, which directly results in the
obesity and overweight. Obesity takes place due to the factors like quality and quantity of the
food consumed. The foods like sweets, snacks and fast food leads directly to obesity (Hanley and
et.al., 2000). Food plays a very important role in life of an individual; it directly affects an