Impact of Obesity on Development of Children in Birmingham, UK

This research report explores the impact of obesity on the development of children in Birmingham, UK. It covers the notion of obesity, its impact on development, and ways to reduce its implications. The report is based on secondary research and thematic analysis.

Research report

Table of Contents
RESEARCH QUESTIONS.............................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION............................................................................................2
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................................................2
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION...................................................................................................3
Theme one: Notion of obesity among children in UK...........................................................3
Theme two: Impact due to obesity that affect development of children in UK.....................4
Theme three: Ways to reduce the implication arise due to obesity that affect the development
of children in UK....................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

RESEARCH QUESTIONS
How obesity affect the development of the young children in UK (Birmingham)?
BACKGROUND
Childhood obesity is referring as serious issue or medical condition that affect children
growth and development. In this, it is showing that they are in particular trouble which is refer as
development of difficulties due to gain in extra weight or pound that often start with children on
path to make health issue which is considered as adult problem, where the diabetes shows high
blood pressure and high cholesterol. In addition, the childhood obesity is also show the poor self-
esteem and depression (Al-Nbaheen, 2020). In UK, childhood obesity is work as the major issue
which may create complication among children to make path which is confident due to
overweight and obesity that reduce self-esteem of children in their academic purposes. In context
with UK, Birmingham is the major place which is selected in the research questions. 24.4 percent
of Birmingham children are usually faces issue of overweight and obese when they are start to
schooling and they are rise to 40 percent of all children by time that they are leave primary
school which is about age 10 to 11 years. In addition, the 85 percent of the children are usually
noticeable and taking into account that they are become obsess adult with associated health,
social and economic consequence (Breda and et. al., 2021).
Therefore, it is well counted that children in the Birmingham are usually obese. This was
significant higher than national average. The obesity is showing the prevalence among the
children living within Birmingham in year 6 was 24.6 which is analyse between 2013 to 2015. It
is well analysed that they have significant higher than the national average. In this report, the
major of discussion is well analyse that is related with the rising issue of obesity in the UK
especially in Birmingham. Therefore, research work covers the factor that arise due to obesity
which may affect the development and growth of children in the UK. The data analysis and data
collection is briefly discussed with formulation of theme which may help to provide the rationale
of research process and work which is taken in order to develop professional and personal
knowledge which is well related with research questions. Therefore, the report is sufficient in
order to make the knowledge that is based on research questions (Browne and et. al., 2021).
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METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
The question is well answered with the help of secondary research where the article and journals
is well review in order to collect the informative data which lead to create evidence based data.
In addition, different search strategy and database are used which may helpful in order to show
the collective data that is based on secondary research (Dereń and et. al., 2019).
Search strategy: The major search strategy which is well related with PubMed, Springer Link,
Science direct and other resource which is work as search strategy for research work. The search
strategy is well focus on the article for relevant based information that required for research
work.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion is defined as qualified factor or fraction that is
undertaken within research work where the exclusion are those fraction which is not taken within
the research process or as a part of research work (Gehanno and et. al., 2019).
Database used: The database is also an aspect which is used within the research work for
choosing and selecting of article, journals and so on which is well focus on information
collection for research question. The database is used named PubMed Central, EMBASE,
CINHAL, Cochrane library and UpToDate. They are work as relevant database that provide
reliable information and data for the research work.
Method of appraisal: The evaluation method of appraisal is well used which may help to show
proper aspect for the collection and determination of data that is devise for the research work. In
addition, it is also analysing that evaluation method is help to provide the view and perspective
of author relating the research question which is issue among the children in UK (Harroud and et.
al., 2021).
Overview of literature: The literature is initially focus on the concept which is related with
obesity and their factor that affect the development of children and after that way are also
identified that used to reduce the rising issue as per derive research questions.
Ethical consideration: In addition to this, ethical consideration is also used to follow which may
help to maintain privacy confidentiality, respect and autonomy while conducting the research
process.
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
The data analysis is used to taken which is well based on thematic analysis where
appropriate theme is used to made that is relevant to research question. In addition, the analysis
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determines some theme such as concept or notion of obesity among the children and effect that
may work as factor to cause the issue in development (Masukume and et. al., 2019). The other
assembled theme is well focus on ways and strategies which work as intervention which may
pharmacological or non-pharmacological help to minimise the risk that may affect the
development of children. The thematic analysis helps to extract information and data which is
related with factor that arise due to obesity and affect the development of children in UK. The
detail analysis of data is undertaken which is useful in order to provide the in depth learning of
topic or research question. The notion is initial aspect which is follow for the data analysis and
after that impact are evaluated where mechanisms and appropriate configuration is outline that
affect growth of children. Although, way is also evaluated and examine that create further
implication in the research work that is final part of data configuration. The pharmacological as
well non pharmacological method or context of intervention used to make the overview of
impact which feasibility reduce and generate reference for overcome from particular issue which
is determine in research question at wide range (Taghizadeh, Khodayari-Zarnaq, and Farhangi,
2021).
The importance of data analysis within research is that it helps to make the data study easier
and accurate where research also creates better understanding on the research question and after
performing secondary method for data collection and selection they can interpret the data in
easier way. So, they do not miss anything which might help to make the impact that is derive
insight from the data.
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
Theme one: Notion of obesity among children in UK
Childhood obesity is reaching into epidemic level in the various of countries in which one of
them is UK. In UK, obesity and overweight among the children is common due to the various
factor such binge eating which is general within children in UK especially in Birmingham.
Therefore, there are various of studies which is focus on obesity and their impact which may
place a concept that obesity is over falling into rise of BMI which is more than 24 and more. It is
also analysed that having the issue of obesity lead to create various of complication which is well
related with inactive and lazy body, the person or children may face issue of fatigue and so on
which is common sign of obesity among children. Overweight and obesity in childhood is also
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known as significant impact on physical as well psychological health. Overweight and obese
children are more likely to fall in risk of diabetes and also stay obese into their adulthgood and
they also have tendency to deal or suffer with non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular
disease and above mentioned disease named diabetes. The mechanism or configuration of
obesity development usually impact the growth of children in the negative. Therefore, due to
obesity their mind-set and psychological perception is that such kind of weight is not acceptable
within the society and community. There are some of environmental factor which may also affect
the obesity such as lifestyle preference a cultural environment play additional role to make the
concept where the rise in prevalence of obesity in world wide. In UK, especially in Birmingham
is well analyse that there is no any predominant age which is rectified as initial or mandatory age
from which obesity show their occurrence. Obesity is most common begin between the age of 5
to 6 or during the adolescence. There are various of studies which is undertaken and provide the
data that shown that child who is obese between the age of 10 to 13 has an 80 percent of chance
to becoming adult which obese (Takaya and et. al., 2022).
Theme two: Impact due to obesity that affect development of children in UK
Obesity directly and indirectly formulate various of complication which is related with health,
social and psychological issue that impact overall development of children. The major
consequence of childhood obesity in Birmingham, UK are it affect the children physical, health,
social and emotional wellbeing and also render wellbeing and self-esteem. It is also associated
with poor academic performance and show the poor and lower quality of life which is
experienced by child. It is also show the potential complication and consequence are used to
show the further examination in some of the following section:
Medical consequence: In this, childhood obesity may lead to create the numerous of medical
condition such as fatty lover disease, sleep apnoea and so on which may render the proper
development of child.
Socio-emotional consequence: In addition to being implicated in numerous of medical concern
the childhood obesity also affects children social and emotional health. In addition, obesity is
also well elaborate that they are one of the most stigmatizing and least social acceptable
condition in childhood. The social implication of obesity is well contributed to make the
continuation for difficult in weight management. The overweight children tend to protect
themselves from negative comments and attitude by making the retreat to safe place such as their
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homes, where they can seek food as a comfort. In addition, children who overweight tend to
make their fewer friends than normal weights children which show result in less social
interaction because that face taunt and bullying due to their shape and size.
Academic consequence: The childhood obesity has also which has been found in negatively
affect the school performance. The research study is well concluded that they are overweight and
show the behaviour of obese children which is four time more likely that have four time that
have issue at school than their normal weight peers (Verduci and et. al., 2021).
Theme three: Ways to reduce the implication arise due to obesity that affect the development of
children in UK.
In this, there are some of ways which help to reduce the implication arise due to obesity that
affect the formulation of children in UK that they are:
Prioritize fruits and vegetable: In this, the food shopping and eating is the best way where
children are used to convenience in order to provide food which is based on organic matter rather
than eating junk food.
Limit sweetened beverages: In addition, limit the eating which is based on sugary product
because such type of product enhance weight.
Avoid fast food: Restrict children to eat junk and fast food.
Adopt healthy behaviour: They must perform physical exercise and other healthy behaviour
which is beneficial (Zabarsky and et. al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, it is well analysed that there are various of factor associated
with obesity which may affect the children growth and development. Due to the obesity,
physical, social and psychological wellbeing is affect that restrict the development of child, in
addition, low self-esteem and less confidence is the major analysis occur as per childhood
obesity.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Al-Nbaheen, M.S., 2020. Impact of weight loss predictors in severe-morbid obesity patients in
the Saudi population. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(10), pp.2509-2513.
Breda, J., Farrugia Sant'Angelo, V., Duleva, V., Galeone, D., Heinen, M.M., Kelleher, C.C.,
Menzano, M.T., Musić Milanović, S., Mitchell, L., Pudule, I. and Rito, A.I., 2021.
Mobilizing governments and society to combat obesity: Reflections on how data from the
WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative are helping to drive policy
progress. Obesity Reviews, 22, p.e13217.
Browne, N.T., Snethen, J.A., Greenberg, C.S., Frenn, M., Kilanowski, J.F., Gance-Cleveland, B.,
Burke, P.J. and Lewandowski, L., 2021. When pandemics collide: the impact of COVID-
19 on childhood obesity. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 56, p.90.
Dereń, K., Weghuber, D., Caroli, M., Koletzko, B., Thivel, D., Frelut, M.L., Socha, P.,
Grossman, Z., Hadjipanayis, A., Wyszyńska, J. and Mazur, A., 2019. Consumption of
sugar-sweetened beverages in paediatric age: a position paper of the European Academy
of Paediatrics and the European Childhood Obesity Group. Annals of Nutrition and
Metabolism, 74(4), pp.296-302.
Gehanno, J.F., Gehanno, B., Schuers, M., Grosjean, J. and Rollin, L., 2019. Analysis of
publication trends in childhood obesity research in PubMed since 1945. Childhood
Obesity, 15(4), pp.227-236.
Harroud, A., Mitchell, R.E., Richardson, T.G., Morris, J.A., Forgetta, V., Davey Smith, G.,
Baranzini, S.E. and Richards, J.B., 2021. Childhood obesity and multiple sclerosis: A
Mendelian randomization study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 27(14), pp.2150-2158.
Masukume, G., Khashan, A.S., Morton, S.M., Baker, P.N., Kenny, L.C. and McCarthy, F.P.,
2019. Caesarean section delivery and childhood obesity in a British longitudinal cohort
study. PloS one, 14(10), p.e0223856.
Taghizadeh, S., Khodayari-Zarnaq, R. and Farhangi, M.A., 2021. Childhood obesity prevention
policies in Iran: a policy analysis of agenda-setting using Kingdon’s multiple
streams. BMC pediatrics, 21(1), pp.1-11.
Takaya, J., Higashino, H., Takaya, R., Sakaguchi, H., Tanoue, J., Higashide, T., Moriguchi, H.,
Nakao, M. and Shigematsu, S., 2022. Impact of childhood growth and obesity curves in
school health examinations. Pediatrics International, p.e15182.
Verduci, E., Bronsky, J., Embleton, N., Gerasimidis, K., Indrio, F., Köglmeier, J., de Koning, B.,
Lapillonne, A., Moltu, S.J., Norsa, L. and Domellöf, M., 2021. Role of dietary factors,
food habits, and lifestyle in childhood obesity development: A position paper from the
european society for paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition committee on
nutrition. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 72(5), pp.769-783.
Zabarsky, G., Beek, C., Hagman, E., Pierpont, B., Caprio, S. and Weiss, R., 2018. Impact of
severe obesity on cardiovascular risk factors in youth. The Journal of pediatrics, 192,
pp.105-114.
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